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World Anti-imperialist Platform

2024-01-08T11:48:28Z

Brit commie: use American spelling

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2021|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/ https://wapnews.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organization launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterizing both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonization and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia and a war of [[national liberation]].<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organizations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterized the war as interimperialist and which have characterized the Platform as traitorous, disorienting and [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]].<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=International Relations Section of the CC of the KKE|newspaper=Communist Party of Greece|title=On the so-called World Anti-Imperialist Platform and its damaging and disorienting position|url=https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/On-the-so-called-World-Anti-Imperialist-Platform-and-its-damaging-and-disorienting-position/}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found here.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.<ref name=":1" />

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Korea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon
# [[Party of Communists USA]], USA
# Mexican Communist Movement, Mexico
# Dynamique Unitaire Panafricaine, Africa
# Party of the Communists of Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan
# Belarusian Communist Workers’ Party, Belarus
# Belarusian Republican Organization of the CPSU, Belarus
# [[Center for Political Innovation]], USA
# Communist Party of Quebec, Canada
# All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Russia
# Mazdoor Kissan Party, Pakistan
# [[Communist Party of Kenya]], Kenya
# Iniciativa Comunista, Spain
# Socialist Platform, Georgia
# Communist Party of Belgium, Belgium
# [[Peruvian Communist Party]], Peru
# Anti-Imperialist Camp, Europe
# Workers’ Party of Ireland, Ireland
# Borotba, Ukraine

=== 2023 Caracas Declaration ===
On March 4, 2023, the platform hosted an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A mass demonstration was organized by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations took place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=World Joint struggles centred in Caracas}}</ref>

=== 2023 Seoul Declaration ===
On May 15, 2023, the platform held the Seoul International Conference in [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref name=":2">{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Seoul International Conference “One War, Two Fronts”, May. 2023|date=2023-05-15|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3416}}</ref> The Seoul Declaration, concerning the rising tide of global war in east Asia, was read by [[Joti Brar]],<ref>{{YouTube citation|url=https://youtu.be/jm-vL9x_ICE|channel=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Joti Brar : The Statement of World Anti-imperialist Joint Struggle|date=2023-05-18}}</ref> vice-chair of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist) (CPGB-ML) and spokesperson for the platform.

The third congress of the People's Democracy Party was held at the same time, receiving greetings from the [[Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Workers’ Party]],<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=RCWP Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3734}}</ref> the United Socialist Party of Venezuela,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=PSUV Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3731}}</ref> and the CPGB-ML.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=CPGB-ML Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3728}}</ref>

== Criticism ==
According to some [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] critics, the WAP does not have a Leninist understanding of imperialism and bears similarities to the [[Second International]] and German [[Social democracy|Social Democracy]], which tore up their resolutions on the question of imperialist war in the face of the [[First World War]]. For these critics, WAP's struggle against imperialism is selective and comes down to the form of its exercise and not its nature. An illusion is created that the peaceful side of the powers will never resort to force of arms, except for their own defensive purposes or out of humanitarian solidarity.

In addition to that, the WAP claims that the primary [[contradiction]] in the world today is that between the [[United States of America|US]]-led [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] imperialist bloc and the humanity, not considering [[Class struggle|classes contradiction and struggle]] as the primary contradiction in the [[Capitalism|capitalist]] world.<ref name=":2" />

Other problematic issues, according to comrade [[Ivan Pinheiro]], former General Secretary of the [[Brazilian Communist Party]] (PCB), are:<blockquote>As can be seen from the list of organizations participating in the platform, not only the parties of this revolutionary camp are missing from [the platform], nor do the overwhelming majority of the parties that make up the [[International Communist Movement]] (ICM), including those that, despite our differences, deserve respect for their trajectories and the political weight they still enjoy in their respective countries. There are parties that only attended one of the first meetings, probably to find out about it, and never returned. In our country, apart from the PCB, the only other party that has participated in the WAP is the [[Communist Party of Brazil|PCdoB]].

By the way, the evidence that all the airfare and accommodation costs of the delegates from the organizations attending these meetings are fully covered by their main stakeholders and the frenetic pace of a world event on average every two months, on different continents, should serve as food for thought and study as to what the primary reason is for the creation and financing of this platform, which is oriented against Marxism-Leninism and in uncritical and unrestricted defence of the strategic interests of powers competing for world hegemony in the imperialist chain, of which they are a part.

Another aspect that needs to be considered is the risk that the initiative to create this eclectic platform could consolidate into a kind of anti-imperialist international (selective and, as we have seen, not so much anti-capitalist), which could end up resulting in a split in the International Communist Movement.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Ivan Pinheiro|newspaper=Revista Opera|title=Yet more on the so-called World Anti-Imperialist Platform|date=2023-06-03|url=https://revistaopera.com.br/2023/06/03/ainda-sobre-a-chamada-plataforma-mundial-antiimperialista/|quote=}}</ref></blockquote>

== References ==
<references />

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2024-01-08T11:47:19Z

Brit commie: update list of signatories

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2021|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/ https://wapnews.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia and a war of [[national liberation]].<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist and which have characterized the Platform as traitorous, disorienting and [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]].<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=International Relations Section of the CC of the KKE|newspaper=Communist Party of Greece|title=On the so-called World Anti-Imperialist Platform and its damaging and disorienting position|url=https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/On-the-so-called-World-Anti-Imperialist-Platform-and-its-damaging-and-disorienting-position/}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found here.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.<ref name=":1" />

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Korea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon
# [[Party of Communists USA]], USA
# Mexican Communist Movement, Mexico
# Dynamique Unitaire Panafricaine, Africa
# Party of the Communists of Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan
# Belarusian Communist Workers’ Party, Belarus
# Belarusian Republican Organization of the CPSU, Belarus
# [[Center for Political Innovation]], USA
# Communist Party of Quebec, Canada
# All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Russia
# Mazdoor Kissan Party, Pakistan
# [[Communist Party of Kenya]], Kenya
# Iniciativa Comunista, Spain
# Socialist Platform, Georgia
# Communist Party of Belgium, Belgium
# [[Peruvian Communist Party]], Peru
# Anti-Imperialist Camp, Europe
# Workers’ Party of Ireland, Ireland
# Borotba, Ukraine

=== 2023 Caracas Declaration ===
On March 4, 2023, the platform hosted an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A mass demonstration was organized by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations took place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=World Joint struggles centred in Caracas}}</ref>

=== 2023 Seoul Declaration ===
On May 15, 2023, the platform held the Seoul International Conference in [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref name=":2">{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Seoul International Conference “One War, Two Fronts”, May. 2023|date=2023-05-15|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3416}}</ref> The Seoul Declaration, concerning the rising tide of global war in east Asia, was read by [[Joti Brar]],<ref>{{YouTube citation|url=https://youtu.be/jm-vL9x_ICE|channel=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Joti Brar : The Statement of World Anti-imperialist Joint Struggle|date=2023-05-18}}</ref> vice-chair of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist) (CPGB-ML) and spokesperson for the platform.

The third congress of the People's Democracy Party was held at the same time, receiving greetings from the [[Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Workers’ Party]],<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=RCWP Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3734}}</ref> the United Socialist Party of Venezuela,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=PSUV Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3731}}</ref> and the CPGB-ML.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=CPGB-ML Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3728}}</ref>

== Criticism ==
According to some [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] critics, the WAP does not have a Leninist understanding of imperialism and bears similarities to the [[Second International]] and German [[Social democracy|Social Democracy]], which tore up their resolutions on the question of imperialist war in the face of the [[First World War]]. For these critics, WAP's struggle against imperialism is selective and comes down to the form of its exercise and not its nature. An illusion is created that the peaceful side of the powers will never resort to force of arms, except for their own defensive purposes or out of humanitarian solidarity.

In addition to that, the WAP claims that the primary [[contradiction]] in the world today is that between the [[United States of America|US]]-led [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] imperialist bloc and the humanity, not considering [[Class struggle|classes contradiction and struggle]] as the primary contradiction in the [[Capitalism|capitalist]] world.<ref name=":2" />

Other problematic issues, according to comrade [[Ivan Pinheiro]], former General Secretary of the [[Brazilian Communist Party]] (PCB), are:<blockquote>As can be seen from the list of organizations participating in the platform, not only the parties of this revolutionary camp are missing from [the platform], nor do the overwhelming majority of the parties that make up the [[International Communist Movement]] (ICM), including those that, despite our differences, deserve respect for their trajectories and the political weight they still enjoy in their respective countries. There are parties that only attended one of the first meetings, probably to find out about it, and never returned. In our country, apart from the PCB, the only other party that has participated in the WAP is the [[Communist Party of Brazil|PCdoB]].

By the way, the evidence that all the airfare and accommodation costs of the delegates from the organizations attending these meetings are fully covered by their main stakeholders and the frenetic pace of a world event on average every two months, on different continents, should serve as food for thought and study as to what the primary reason is for the creation and financing of this platform, which is oriented against Marxism-Leninism and in uncritical and unrestricted defence of the strategic interests of powers competing for world hegemony in the imperialist chain, of which they are a part.

Another aspect that needs to be considered is the risk that the initiative to create this eclectic platform could consolidate into a kind of anti-imperialist international (selective and, as we have seen, not so much anti-capitalist), which could end up resulting in a split in the International Communist Movement.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Ivan Pinheiro|newspaper=Revista Opera|title=Yet more on the so-called World Anti-Imperialist Platform|date=2023-06-03|url=https://revistaopera.com.br/2023/06/03/ainda-sobre-a-chamada-plataforma-mundial-antiimperialista/|quote=}}</ref></blockquote>

== References ==
<references />

Russian Communist Workers Party

2023-05-23T11:05:53Z

Brit commie: create redirect

#REDIRECT [[Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2023-05-23T11:04:37Z

Brit commie: add meeting in Seoul

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/ https://wapnews.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.<ref name=":1" />

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon
# [[Party of Communists USA]], USA
# Mexican Communist Movement, Mexico
# Dynamique Unitaire Panafricaine, Africa
# Party of the Communists of Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan
# Belarusian Communist Workers’ Party, Belarus
# Belarusian Republican Organization of the CPSU, Belarus
# [[Center for Political Innovation]], USA

=== 2023 Caracas Declaration ===
On March 4, 2023, the platform hosted an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A mass demonstration was organized by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations took place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=World Joint struggles centred in Caracas}}</ref>

=== 2023 Seoul Declaration ===
On May 15, 2023, the platform held the Seoul International Conference in [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Seoul International Conference “One War, Two Fronts”, May. 2023|date=2023-05-15|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3416}}</ref> The Seoul Declaration, concerning the rising tide of global war in east Asia, was read by [[Joti Brar]],<ref>{{YouTube citation|url=https://youtu.be/jm-vL9x_ICE|channel=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=Joti Brar : The Statement of World Anti-imperialist Joint Struggle|date=2023-05-18}}</ref> vice-chair of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist) (CPGB-ML) and spokesperson for the platform.

The third congress of the People's Democracy Party was held at the same time, receiving greetings from the [[Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Russian Communist Workers’ Party]],<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=RCWP Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3734}}</ref> the United Socialist Party of Venezuela,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=PSUV Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3731}}</ref> and the CPGB-ML.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform|title=CPGB-ML Greetings to the 3rd congress of PDP|date=2023-05-21|url=https://wap21.org/?p=3728}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2023-05-23T10:17:12Z

Brit commie: update list of signatories

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.<ref name=":1" />

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon
# [[Party of Communists USA]], USA
# Mexican Communist Movement, Mexico
# Dynamique Unitaire Panafricaine, Africa
# Party of the Communists of Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan
# Belarusian Communist Workers’ Party, Belarus
# Belarusian Republican Organization of the CPSU, Belarus
# [[Center for Political Innovation]], USA

=== 2023 Caracas ===
On 4 March, 2023, the platform will jointly host an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]]. A mass demonstration will be organised by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations will take place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2023-04-10T14:34:19Z

Brit commie: update list of signatories

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.<ref name=":1" />

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon
# [[Party of Communists USA]], USA
# Mexican Communist Movement, Mexico
# Dynamique Unitaire Panafricaine, Africa

=== 2023 Caracas ===
On 4 March, 2023, the platform will jointly host an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]]. A mass demonstration will be organised by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations will take place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

CPGB ML

2023-02-22T22:52:00Z

Brit commie: create redirect

#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2023-02-22T22:30:06Z

Brit commie: fix image

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon

=== 2023 Caracas ===
On 4 March, 2023, the platform will jointly host an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]]. A mass demonstration will be organised by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations will take place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.jpg

2023-02-22T22:29:02Z

Brit commie: this is a conversation of a previous .webp file of the same name which doesn't display properly on prolewiki

== Summary ==
this is a conversation of a previous .webp file of the same name which doesn't display properly on prolewiki

Cp of britain

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#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Britain]]

CP of Britain

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#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Britain]]

Proleradio

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#REDIRECT [[Proletarian Radio]]

Prolradio

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#REDIRECT [[Proletarian Radio]]

Proletv

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#REDIRECT [[Proletarian TV]]

Proltv

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#REDIRECT [[Proletarian TV]]

CPGB(ML)

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#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]

CPGBML

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#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]

Solidnet

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#REDIRECT [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties]]

SolidNet

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#REDIRECT [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties]]

WAP21

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#REDIRECT [[World Anti-imperialist Platform]]

Trade union

2023-02-22T22:14:06Z

Brit commie:

A '''trade union''' is an organization of workers created to improve working conditions. Unions are often targeted and suppressed by [[Capitalism|capitalists]] in order to increase [[Profit|profits]] at the expense of the workers.

== By country ==

=== United Kingdom ===
Several rudimentary political unions were formed in the 1830s and 1840s, with noteworthy causes including the [[Merthyr Rising]] and the [[Tolpuddle Martyrs]]. However, one of the first proper trade unions to be established was the [[Amalgamated Society of Engineers]] in 1851. The formation of several similar "amalgamated" unions representing different industries followed.<ref>{{News citation|author=Workers Party of Britain|newspaper=YouTube|title=Trade Unionism in Britain – Past, Present, ...Future?|date=2022-04-22|url=https://youtu.be/kZRH5dY9UN4}}</ref> Trade union activity peaked in the 1970s, culminating in the 1984 miners' strike, and has since witnessed a decline in membership from a peak of 13.2 million in 1979 to 6.6 million in 2019.<ref>{{Citation|author=Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy|year=2021|title=Trade union statistics 2020|title-url=https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/trade-union-statistics-2020}}</ref> Historically, the relationship of Britain's trade unions to the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] has been a key point of contention, and while the biggest trade unions remain affiliated to the party, in 2022 some of most militant unions either remained unaffiliated or were considering disaffiliation.<ref>{{News citation|author=Mason Boycott-Owen|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|title=Keir Starmer is not on the side of workers, says RMT chief|date=2022-05-29|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2022/05/29/rail-unions-consider-leaving-labour-behind-keir-starmer-not/}}</ref>

=== United States ===
The first nationwide union in the [[United States of America|United States]] was the [[Knights of Labor]], which was later replaced by the [[American Federation of Labor]]. Many unions were targeted by the [[Pinkerton National Detective Agency|Pinkerton detective agency]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|author=Colin Hanner|newspaper=Unit|title=A brief history of union-busting|date=2021-05-14|url=https://guide.unitworkers.com/a-brief-history-of-union-busting/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620150631/https://guide.unitworkers.com/a-brief-history-of-union-busting/|archive-date=2021-06-20|retrieved=2022-06-01}}</ref> In 1983, 16.2% of private sector workers were unionized; by 2020, the percentage had decreased to 6.3%, even though 65% of people support unionization.<ref>{{News citation|author=Megan Brenan|newspaper=Gallup|title=At 65%, Approval of Labor Unions in U.S. Remains High|date=2020-09-03|url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/318980/approval-labor-unions-remains-high.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514192933/https://news.gallup.com/poll/318980/approval-labor-unions-remains-high.aspx|archive-date=2022-05-14|retrieved=2022-06-01}}</ref> Many companies, including [[Amazon.com, Inc.|Amazon]], [[Google]], [[Nissan]], [[Tesla]], [[Trader Joe's]], and [[Walmart]] have taken a side against unions.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==

Communist Party of Great Britain

2023-02-22T22:13:31Z

Brit commie:

{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain|abbreviation=CPGB|general_secretary=[[Albert Inkpin]] (first) [[Nina Temple]] (last)|founded=31 July 1920|dissolved=23 November 1991|membership_year=1945|membership=60,000|political_orientation=[[Marxism-Leninism]] [[Revisionism]] (later) [[Eurocommunism]] (later)|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain Fawr|logo=CPGB logo.png}}

The '''Communist Party of Great Britain''' ('''CPGB''') was a [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]] from 1920 to 1991.

==History==
The Communist Party of Great Britain was founded in 1920 and participated in the [[1926 United Kingdom general strike|1926 general strike]]. It organized a mass movement against the [[British Union of Fascists]] and sent over a thousand volunteers to fight in the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain|title=The communist party|url=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505074537/https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-date=2022-05-05|retrieved=2022-06-19}}</ref> In 1945, it won two seats in the [[House of Commons]].<ref>{{News citation|title=1945 General election results summary|url=http://www.ukpolitical.info/1945.htm|newspaper=UK Political Info|retrieved=2022-03-20}}</ref>

After the [[Second World War]], the CPGB campaigned against British membership in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]]. It organized miners' strikes in the 1970s and '80s. In 1988, a group of [[Communism|communists]] who had been expelled by the revisionist party leadership founded the [[Communist Party of Britain]].<ref name=":0" /> Former members would also found and join the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12-01|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/|newspaper=[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2008-12-01|title=Remembering departed comrades|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> The CPGB was dissolved in 1991.

==References==
{{Communist parties}}
[[Category:Political parties]]
[[Category:Communist parties]]

<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Communist Party of Great Britain

2023-02-22T22:13:17Z

Brit commie:

{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain|abbreviation=CPGB|general_secretary=[[Albert Inkpin]] (first) [[Nina Temple]] (last)|founded=31 July 1920|dissolved=23 November 1991|membership_year=1945|membership=60,000|political_orientation=[[Marxism-Leninism]] [[Revisionism]] (later) [[Eurocommunism]] (later)|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain Fawr|logo=CPGB logo.png}}

The '''Communist Party of Great Britain''' ('''CPGB''') was a [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]] from 1920 to 1991.

==History==
The Communist Party of Great Britain was founded in 1920 and participated in the the [[1926 United Kingdom general strike|1926 general strike]]. It organized a mass movement against the [[British Union of Fascists]] and sent over a thousand volunteers to fight in the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain|title=The communist party|url=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505074537/https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-date=2022-05-05|retrieved=2022-06-19}}</ref> In 1945, it won two seats in the [[House of Commons]].<ref>{{News citation|title=1945 General election results summary|url=http://www.ukpolitical.info/1945.htm|newspaper=UK Political Info|retrieved=2022-03-20}}</ref>

After the [[Second World War]], the CPGB campaigned against British membership in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]]. It organized miners' strikes in the 1970s and '80s. In 1988, a group of [[Communism|communists]] who had been expelled by the revisionist party leadership founded the [[Communist Party of Britain]].<ref name=":0" /> Former members would also found and join the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12-01|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/|newspaper=[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2008-12-01|title=Remembering departed comrades|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> The CPGB was dissolved in 1991.

==References==
{{Communist parties}}
[[Category:Political parties]]
[[Category:Communist parties]]

<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

World Anti-imperialist Platform

2023-02-14T14:59:47Z

Brit commie: fix political orientation

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]]|website=https://wap21.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref>

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.webp|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon

=== 2023 Caracas ===
On 4 March, 2023, the platform will jointly host an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]]. A mass demonstration will be organised by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations will take place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)

2023-02-13T13:50:16Z

Brit commie: create redirect

#REDIRECT [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland]]

WAP

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Brit commie: create redirect

#REDIRECT [[World Anti-imperialist Platform]]

World Anti-imperialist Platform

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Brit commie: create page

{{Infobox political party|name=World Anti-imperialist Platform|logo=World anti-imperialist platform logo.png|founded=2022|abbreviation=WAP|chairperson=|youth_wing=|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]]|website=https://wap21.org/|twitter=|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/@worldanti-imperialistplatf1312}}The '''World Anti-imperialist Platform''' ('''WAP''') is an international [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] organisation launched in 2022 to coordinate the efforts of all those who desire to work for the defeat of [[imperialism]]. It believes that the single most important theoretical task facing anti-imperialists today is that of correctly characterising both the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict|ongoing war in eastern Europe]] and the imminent wars in east Asia ([[Republic of Korea|south Korea]] and [[Taiwan Province|Taiwan]]).<ref name=":0">https://wap21.org/?p=749</ref>

It believes that [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and [[People's Republic of China|China]] are not imperialist powers, for they are not engaged in wars of dominance, colonisation and rivalry over the control of superprofits. It describes the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict as a proxy war waged by imperialism against Russia.<ref name=":0" />

This sets it apart from organisations such as the [[Communist Party of Greece]] and most parties in the [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties|IMCWP]], which have characterised the war as interimperialist.<ref>https://inter.kke.gr/en/articles/No-to-the-imperialist-war-in-Ukraine/</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-11-07|title=22nd IMCWP, RESOLUTION on the imperialist war on the territory of Ukraine|url=http://www.solidnet.org/article/22nd-IMCWP-RESOLUTION-on-the-imperialist-war-on-the-territory-of-Ukraine/|newspaper=SolidNet}}</ref> There now exists a clear demarcation of views on the Ukrainian war: those that characterise Russia as imperialist, and those that do not.

== History ==

=== 2022 Paris Declaration ===
On October 14, 2022, the platform launched its program: the Paris Declaration.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists|url=https://wap21.org/?p=566|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> A full version of the text can be found [https://wap21.org/?p=334 here].<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-14|title=The rising tide of global war and the tasks of anti-imperialists (Full text)|url=https://wap21.org/?p=334|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref> On this date, the declaration was signed by 14 parties, although this number is expected to grow as the imperialist war drive intensifies.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2022-10-20|title=Paris Declaration: The rising tide of global war and our tasks|url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/10/20/news/paris-declaration-rising-tide-of-war-anti-imperialist-platform/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

==== List of signatories in chronological order ====
[[File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.webp|thumb|Representatives of parties from across the world gather in Paris on October 14, 2022]]
Ruling parties listed in '''bold'''.

# [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)]], UK
# [[People's Democracy Party]], South Corea
# Korea is One, Belgium
# Baltic Platform
# [[Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan]], Kyrgyzstan
# [[Hungarian Workers' Party]], Hungary
# [[Communist Party (Italy)|Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Italian Communist Party]], Italy
# [[Communist Party (Switzerland)|Communist Party]], Switzerland
# Spanish Avantgarde, Spain
# Eastern Initiative
# [[New Communist Party of Yugoslavia]], Serbia
# National Association of Communists, France
# [[Pole of Communist Revival in France]], France
# [[Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)]], Chile
# Socialist Workers Party of Croatia, Croatia
# Platform for Independence – Greece, Greece
# [[Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland|Communist Party of Peru (Patria Roja)]], Peru
# Collective of Struggle for the Revolutionary Unification of Humanity, Greece
# [[People's Party of Panama]], Panama
# [[Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain]], Spain
# New Communist Party of Montenegro, Montenegro
# '''[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], Venezuela'''
# Union Proletariat, Spain
# Rassemblement Communiste, France
# [[Lebanese Communist Party]], Lebanon

=== 2023 Caracas ===
On 4 March, 2023, the platform will jointly host an antiwar conference with the [[São Paulo Forum|Sao Paulo Forum]]. A mass demonstration will be organised by the [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]], and simultaneous demonstrations will take place around the world.<ref>{{Web citation|date=2023-02-10|title=Worldwide Anti-imperialist Simultaneous Struggle Centred Caracas|url=https://wap21.org/?p=2258|newspaper=World Anti-imperialist Platform}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

File:World anti-imperialist platform paris declaration group.webp

2023-02-13T13:37:58Z

Brit commie: lifted from https://wap21.org/?p=733

== Summary ==
lifted from https://wap21.org/?p=733

File:World anti-imperialist platform logo.png

2023-02-13T13:32:56Z

Brit commie: lifted from https://wap21.org/

== Summary ==
lifted from https://wap21.org/

Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)

2023-02-13T13:17:04Z

Brit commie:

{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|logo=Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) PNG.svg.png|founded=3 July, 2004|abbreviation=CPGB-ML|chairperson=[[Ella Rule]]|newspaper=''[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]''|youth_wing=Red Youth|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]] 
[[Anti-revisionism]]|website=https://thecommunists.org|twitter=CPGBML|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/ProletarianCPGBML|Vice Chairperson(s)=}}{{Communist parties}}
The '''Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)''' (CPGB-ML) is a [[Marxism-leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] political party based in the United Kingdom, specifically England, Scotland and Wales. It was founded in July 2004 by former members of the [[Socialist Labour Party (UK)|Socialist Labour Party]] who were expelled for supporting [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES]] states,<ref name=":0">{{News citation|date=2004-08|title=Formation of the CPGB-ML|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=10|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> as well as some members of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|date=2009-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Remembering departed comrades|date=2008-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/}}</ref> Today the party is the largest and most prominent Marxist-Leninist party in the United Kingdom, mostly due to its extensive online and media outreach and the prolific activities of its founder and former chairman, [[Harpal Brar]]; he has founded and run a number of pro-communist organisations, including the [[Indian Workers' Association]] and the [[Stalin Society]].

The party runs two bi-monthly newspapers: ''[[Proletarian]]'', which mainly considers current affairs, and ''[[Lalkar]]'', which consists of more long-form theoretical content. The party also runs the YouTube channel [[Proletarian TV]] from which it uploads its conferences, speeches from its members, pro-communist documentaries it does not own, and other similar material. To support its written content, ''Proletarian'' articles are given voiceovers on ''[[Proletarian Radio]]''. Despite being staunchly anti-revisionist, the party still supports current-day [[People's Republic of China|China]], so much so that Harpal Brar himself co-founded the [[Hands Off China (Campaign)|Hands Off China]] campaign and published a book on China: ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''.<ref>[https://shop.thecommunists.org/product/socialism-with-chinese-characteristics-2020/ ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''] by Harpal Brar</ref>

==History==

===Formation of the party===
[[File:Cpgb-ml may day 2013.jpg|left|thumb|CPGB-ML [[International Workers' Day|May Day]] procession, 2013]]
The CPGB-ML was formed in 2004, believing itself to be the "natural progression of the CPGB of the 1920s and 30s" (for they believe that the decline of that original party began with the publication of ''[[Communist Party of Britain#Britain's Road to Socialism|The British Road to Socialism]]'' in 1951).<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-04|title=A critique of “Britain’s Road to Socialism” in the 21st century – The Programme of the Communist Party of Britain (CPB): PART ONE|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/3689/a-critique-of-britains-road-to-socialism-in-the-21st-century-the-programme-of-the-communist-party-of-britain-cpb-part-one|newspaper=Lalkar|quote=}}</ref> The party acknowledges that "there are already several parties in Britain who refer to themselves as communist", but believed that the existing parties (which were all formed slightly before the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]]) were revisionist.

On the one hand, the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) established itself as continuing the CPGB's original ''British Road to Socialism'' (now confusingly called ''Britain’s Road to Socialism''), which had in the CPGB-ML's view "allowed the [[Eurocommunism|euro-communists]] to take control in the first place. In fact the euro-communists were only a group of revisionists within what was then a revisionist party that took revisionism to its logical conclusion, ie, liquidation." On the other hand, the [[New Communist Party of Britain|New Communist Party]] (NCP)'s "decision never to stand in elections and their total support for the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in elections set them only a wafer’s width apart from the revisionists that they had left".<ref name=":0" />

It claims that each party "fawn all over it [the Labour Party] in Lenin’s name", referring to Lenin's [[Library:"Left-wing" communism, an infantile disorder]]. The CPGB-ML hold that Lenin's advice here (for communists to canvass on the basis of supporting the Labour Party, but making clear that an impending Labour government would not truly represent the working class) was based on the material conditions of Britain at that time, and is not applicable to the present day.

==Relations with other parties==

===International standing===
[[File:Cpgb-ml cpc 2021.jpg|thumb|Joti Brar attends CPC and World Political Parties Summit, 2021]]
The CPGB-ML has a history of relationships with political (some communist) parties and the embassies of [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES states]], having met delegations from [[People's Republic of China|China]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2008-08|title=Spirited rally launches Hands off China campaign|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?art=419&secName=proletarian&subName=display|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{News citation|date=2019-10-02|title=The Chinese revolution: ‘One of the greatest moments in human history’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/10/02/news/chinese-revolution-greatest-moments-human-history-mao/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2009-10|title=CPGB-ML greets China’s communists on anniversary|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=544|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Republic of Cuba|Cuba]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Cuba and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/cuba-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Venezuela]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2016-12-14|title=Venezuela - The Struggle continues!|url=https://youtu.be/uIkBMFIJ_ww|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea|North Korea]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Matt Drake|newspaper=Express|title=EXCLUSIVE: Hard-line UK communists openly SUPPORT Kim Jong-un and DENY atrocities|date=2018-02-04|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/politics/914398/North-Korea-UK-communist-party-war-USA-Kim-Jong-un-Stalin-nuclear-weapons-politics|archive-date=2018-02-04|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2018-08-27|title=October 100: DPR Korea pays tribute|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/08/27/tv/october-100-dpr-korea-pays-tribute/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Lao People's Democratic Republic|Laos]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Laos independence and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/laos-independence-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam|Vietnam]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Harpal Brar|date=2008-10-01|title=CPGB-ML meets Vietnamese Party delegation|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/10/01/news/cpgb-ml-meets-vietnamese-party-delegation/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Nepal]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Comrade Ganesh Vikaria from the embassy of Nepal extended his greetings to the meeting}}</ref> [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Nicaragua Embassy|date=2021-10-28|title=Nicaraguan ambassador: ‘In our country, democracy is in the hands of the people’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/10/28/news/nicaragua-ambassador-guisell-morales-sandinista-revolution-democracy-people/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Turkey]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Speaking next, a comrade from the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Turkey and Northern Kurdistan (MLKP) said that the October Revolution continues to guide the struggles of the working class and oppressed nations throughout the world.}}</ref> [[Sri Lanka]]<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2017-06-19|title=CPGB-ML Mayday message: in Sri Lanka with the JVP|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfGdDAlCTrU|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> and [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2018-10-19|title=Red Youth in South Korea - Protest at US Army Base Daegu|url=https://youtu.be/Xn8xJxdEjqA}}</ref> Most of these meetings occurred at CPGB-ML events, with some exceptions. Amongst other international appearances, representatives of the party have attended the World Socialist Forum (Beijing, 2016).<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-06-17|title=The Fall of the USSR - Market Socialism|url=https://youtu.be/x6pCNLJrjpc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> In terms of television appearances, representatives of the party have spoken on [[TeleSUR]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-09-01|title=Vice-Chair of the CPGB-ML speaks to telesurenglish in Bolivar Square|url=https://youtu.be/z8sdmisoHzc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Press TV]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-07|title=Ranjeet on ‘partygate’ scandal as Met Police issue fines over Downing Street lockdown parties|url=https://youtu.be/S580rcXv0FA|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Al-Mayadeen]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-01|title=Ella Rule appearing on Kalima Horra to discuss Ukraine|url=https://youtu.be/sK5BEkA7fh4|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[RT (TV Network)|RT]]<ref name=":4">{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2015-10-25|title=Xi Jinping in London - Keith Bennet talks to George Galloway on RT's Sputnik|url=https://youtu.be/ysMZHdaJCqQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Peter Lavelle|date=2021-12-31|title=CrossTalk: Crystal Ball 2022|url=https://www.rt.com/shows/crosstalk/544590-new-year-2022-crystal-ball/|newspaper=RT}}</ref>, [[China Global Television Network|CGTN]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|newspaper=YouTube|title=Joti Brar interview with CGTN on the Centenary of the CPC|date=2021-07-18|url=https://youtu.be/6TfN3_ypD3Q}}</ref> and the [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]].<ref>{{News citation|author=|date=2018-06-12|title=CPGB-ML’s Harpal Brar discusses DPRK on BBC’s primetime The One Show|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/06/12/tv/cpgb-ml-chairman-harpal-brar-discusses-dprk-us-summit-bbc-one-show-korea-trump/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref>
[[File:Cpgb-ml covid and internationalism 2021.jpg|thumb|Covid and International meeting with Chinese, Cuban, Venezuelan, and Nicaraguan delegates in attendance, 2021]]
At its ninth (and most recent) congress, the party held a public meeting regarding "Covid and Internationalism". The panel of speakers was made up of ambassadors from socialist countries: China, Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua.<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-11-11|title=Ninth party congress: We must connect our movement with the masses|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/11/11/news/ninth-party-congress-connect-movement-with-masses/|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=The international section of the congress was supplemented by an inspiring meeting on Saturday night on the topic of ‘Covid and Internationalism’. Guests from four fraternal embassies addressed our audience on this topic: Ambassador Rocio del Valle Maneiro González of Bolivarian Venezuela, Ambassador Guisell Morales-Echaverry of Sandinistan Nicaragua, Counsellor Kong Xiangwen of the People’s Republic of China, and Secretary Aymée Alejandra Diaz Negrín of socialist Cuba.}}</ref> This is despite the fact that, at this point in time, Nicaragua maintained official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China rather than the PRC.<ref>{{News citation|author=Helen Davidson|date=2021-10-10|title=Nicaragua cuts ties with Taiwan and pivots to China|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/10/nicaragua-cuts-ties-with-taiwan-and-pivots-to-china|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-12-10|title=China, Nicaragua resume diplomatic relations, sign joint communique|url=https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-12-10/China-Nicaragua-resume-diplomatic-relations-15S7NNXTjWg/index.html|newspaper=CGTN}}</ref> At this event, the Chinese ambassador formally presented a congratulatory letter to party for its holding of the congress.

The CPGB-ML has attempted to be included in the annual [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties]] (IMCWP). In 2008, the [[Communist Party of Greece]]—acting on behalf of the IMCWP—asked the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) to produce a report on the eligibility of the CPGB-ML for membership of the IMCWP (since 2008, the CPB and the [[New Communist Party of Britain|NCP]] are the only British parties on the members list.)<ref>http://www.solidnet.org/links/communist-and-workers-parties/</ref> The 3-page report denounced the CPGB-ML as a party which "lacks the essential requirements of a Marxist Leninist Communist Party" with "no base in the organized working class". The CPGB-ML subsequently produced a 15-page response to the "lies and slanders of the CPB". The original report seems to be unavailable online, although alongside its response, the CPGB-ML reproduced it [https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf here].<ref>{{News citation|title=CPGB-ML’s reply to the lies and slanders of the CPB|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928131816/https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf}}</ref>

===Workers Party of Britain===
Joti Brar, Vice Chair of the CPGB-ML, is also the Deputy Leader of the [[Workers Party of Britain]] (WPB). Since 2019, much of the CPGB-ML's practical work has been within the WPB. CPGB-ML members are required to also be members of the WPB, making the point that "sitting smugly on the sidelines will not help us to bring this essential understanding [Marxist analysis of [[social democracy]]] to our fellow workers".<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-08-10|title=WPB storms Batley: ‘We intend to replace Labour as party of working class’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/08/10/news/workers-party-britain-storms-batley-replace-labour-party/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> Its leader, [[George Galloway]], has a history with the CPGB-ML, despite never having been a member himself.
[[File:Cpgb-ml george galloway 2009.jpg|thumb|George Galloway attends a Hands off China event, 2009]]
The CPGB-ML's first official views of Galloway were negative, describing him as "a man who had to be thrown out of the imperialist Labour Party kicking and screaming".<ref name=":0" /> However, since 2009, Galloway has participated in several meetings held by the CPGB-ML,<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2009-10-05|title=George Galloway - Hands off China 1/3|url=https://youtu.be/LuWNlFkrihQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> and prominent member of the party Ranjeet Brar (an NHS surgeon) routinely appeared on Galloway's popular ''[[The Mother of All Talk Shows|Mother Of All Talkshows]]'' as the "MOATS medic" throughout the pandemic.<ref>{{News citation|author=George Galloway|date=2022-03-03|title=#CORONAVIRUS EXPERT: Want to know how serious this outbreak really is?|url=https://youtu.be/qSwQh3qD2cQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-02-05|title=Comrade Ranjeet on Moats: NHS marketisation and the covid death toll|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/02/05/tv/comrade-ranjeet-on-moats-nhs-marketisation-and-the-covid-death-toll/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> Other prominent members have appeared on other shows hosted by Galloway.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-08-16|title=Hong Kong: Who is behind the protests?|url=https://youtu.be/aGIVvb6JyzM|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-01-28|title=Nina Kosta vice chair of the Communist Party discusses U.S. aggression towards China|url=https://youtu.be/pwC-T6x9DiY|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

One reason Galloway may have grown closer to the party over time—and the party to him—is that he found he held common ground with the party's line on several issues. Crucially, his anti-[[European Union|EU]] stance coming up to the [[Brexit]] referendum, and the defence of the results of that referendum.<ref>https://workerspartybritain.org/frequently-asked-questions/#faq10</ref> In addition, both Galloway and the CPGB-ML hold positive views of [[Venezuela]], in particular [[Hugo Chavez]]—whom Galloway considers a close friend and had been on the campaign trail with.<ref>{{News citation|author=Channel 4 News|date=2013-03-06|title=George Galloway on his friend Hugo Chavez|url=https://youtu.be/e0rojYMx5c4|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

==Structure==
The CPGB-ML is organized under the principles of [[democratic centralism]]. The Party Congress is the supreme authority of the party and meets at least once every four years. Most party resolutions only require a 50% vote to pass, but changes to the party rules or programme require 75%. If the party has 500 full members or less, all members may attend the party congress. If it has between 501 and 5,000 members, the congress has one representative for every ten members. If it has over 5,000 members, there is one representative for every 25 members. The Party Congress elects a Central Committee consisting of a Chair, two Vice-Chairs, and at least 15 other members.<ref name=":5">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|year=2018|title=Party Programme and Rules|chapter=Party rules|page=23–31|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/PartyProgrammeAndRules2018.pdf|city=Birmingham|isbn=9781913286026}}</ref>

===Local organizations===
The lowest level of party organization is the study group, which meets weekly. The Central Committee may establish Regional or City Committees for areas with multiple study groups.<ref name=":5" />

==Domestic positions==
The party defends the television network RT because of the role it plays in counter-propaganda against mainstream media, using the specific example of its coverage of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{News citation|author=Gavin Haynes|newspaper=Vice|title=I Went to a Stalinist Free-Speech Protest to Defend Russia Today from Natwest|date=2016-10-19|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108093627/https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-date=2020-11-08|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref>

==Criticism==

===Dismissal of LGBT rights as "LGBT ideology"===
In its 8th Congress of 2018, the CPGB-ML put forward a motion claiming that "obsession with [[identity politics]], including sexual politics, is anti-Marxian",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2018-12-07|title=Identity politics are anti-Marxian and a harmful diversion from the class struggle|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/12/07/news/identity-politics-are-anti-marxian-and-a-harmful-diversion-from-the-class-struggle/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> in opposition to what they call "[[LGBT+|LGBT]] ideology".<ref name=":2">{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-20|title=Why gay rights is not a class issue|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/04/20/news/why-gay-rights-is-not-a-class-issue/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> CPGB-ML justifies this view on the argument that the LGBT struggle is opposed to class politics, as the number of transgender people is "statistically so small as to be insignificant",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-03-23|title=The reactionary nightmare of ‘gender fluidity’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/03/23/news/the-reactionary-nightmare-of-gender-fluidity/|newspaper=The Communists (CPGB-ML)|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> and that transgender activists want to encourage children to be trans,<ref name=":2" /> a common [[reactionary]] stance promoted by chauvinists and [[Fascism|fascists]].

The central committee of the party is openly anti-trans due to its position that gender and biological sex are synonymous and "common sense",<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Citation|author=Various authors|year=2019|title=Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend: Where is LGBT Ideology Taking Us?|chapter=|page=|pdf=https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/TransgenderTrend_read.pdf|city=|publisher=|isbn=978-1-913286-00-2|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> a position against historical-materialist understanding of gender.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-24|title=The historical-materialist theory of gender|url=https://redfightback.org/misogyny-is-not-caused-by-biological-sex-the-historical-materialist-theory-of-gender/|newspaper=Red Fightback|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> A 70-page pamphlet written by Ranjeet Brar, Edward Renyard, and Joti Brar titled ''Identity politics and the transgender trend: where is LGBT ideology taking us?'' confuses the LGBT struggle with the liberal appropriation of that struggle.<ref name=":3" /> The pamphlet claims that "it is not gender that alienates men from women, it is our social relations", completely oblivious to the fact that gender is a historical [[social construct]], and that the existence of trans people even precedes the use of the term.<ref>{{Citation|author=Diederik F. Janssen|year=2020|title=Transgenderism before gender: nosology from the sixteenth through mid‑twentieth century|chapter=|page=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=10.1007/s10508-020-01715-w|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>

==Published works==
Listed in order of appearance on the party's website.<ref>https://shop.thecommunists.org/</ref>

===Party pamphlets===
*''Party Programme and Rules''
*''The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn''
* ''Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend''
*''Zionism: A Racist, Antisemitic and Reactionary Tool of Imperialism''
*''Claudia Jones, Communist''
*''A Class Analysis of Britain at the Start of the 21st Century''
*''The Drive to War Against Russia and China''
* ''The Soviet Victory Over Fascism''
*''World War One: An Interimperialist War''
*''Revisionism and the Demise of the USSR''
*''Capitalism and Immigration''
*''The 1926 General Strike''
*''NATO’s Predatory War Against Yugoslavia''
*''60th Anniversary of the Victory Over Fascism''

===Harpal Brar books===
''Main article: [[Harpal Brar]]''

*''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''
*''Inquilab Zindabad! India’s Liberation Struggle''
*''Imperialism and the Worst-Ever Crisis of Overproduction''
*''Imperialism and War''
*''Imperialism: The Eve of the Social Revolution of the Proletariat''
*''Chimurenga! The Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe''
*''Imperialism in the Middle East''
*''Marxism and the Emancipation of Women''
*''Bourgeois Nationalism or Proletarian Internationalism?''
* ''Imperialism: decadent, parasitic, moribund capitalism''
* ''Social Democracy – the Enemy Within''
*''Trotskyism or Leninism?''
*''Perestroika: the Complete Collapse of Revisionism''

===Stalin Society pamphlets===
''Main article: [[Stalin Society]]''

*''Stalin Society Magazine | issue 01''
* ''Lies about the Soviet Union''
*''The Soviet Union at War''
*''Life in the Soviet Union''

==References==

<references />
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Corea

2023-02-13T11:59:14Z

Brit commie: create redirect

#REDIRECT [[Korea]]

Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)

2023-01-12T18:13:08Z

Brit commie: update emblem

{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|logo=Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) PNG.svg.png|founded=3 July, 2004|abbreviation=CPGB-ML|chairperson=[[Ella Rule]]|newspaper=''[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]''|youth_wing=Red Youth|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]] 
[[Anti-revisionism]]|website=https://thecommunists.org|twitter=https://twitter.com/CPGBML|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/ProletarianCPGBML|Vice Chairperson(s)=}}{{Communist parties}}
The '''Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)''' (CPGB-ML) is a [[Marxism-leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] political party based in the United Kingdom, specifically England, Scotland and Wales. It was founded in July 2004 by former members of the [[Socialist Labour Party (UK)|Socialist Labour Party]] who were expelled for supporting [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES]] states,<ref name=":0">{{News citation|date=2004-08|title=Formation of the CPGB-ML|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=10|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> as well as some members of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|date=2009-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Remembering departed comrades|date=2008-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/}}</ref> Today the party is the largest and most prominent Marxist-Leninist party in the United Kingdom, mostly due to its extensive online and media outreach and the prolific activities of its founder and former chairman, [[Harpal Brar]]; he has founded and run a number of pro-communist organisations, including the [[Indian Workers' Association]] and the [[Stalin Society]].

The party runs two bi-monthly newspapers: ''[[Proletarian]]'', which mainly considers current affairs, and ''[[Lalkar]]'', which consists of more long-form theoretical content. The party also runs the YouTube channel [[Proletarian TV]] from which it uploads its conferences, speeches from its members, pro-communist documentaries it does not own, and other similar material. To support its written content, ''Proletarian'' articles are given voiceovers on ''[[Proletarian Radio]]''. Despite being staunchly anti-revisionist, the party still supports current-day [[People's Republic of China|China]], so much so that Harpal Brar himself co-founded the [[Hands Off China (Campaign)|Hands Off China]] campaign and published a book on China: ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''.<ref>[https://shop.thecommunists.org/product/socialism-with-chinese-characteristics-2020/ ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''] by Harpal Brar</ref>

==History==

===Formation of the party===
[[File:Cpgb-ml may day 2013.jpg|left|thumb|CPGB-ML [[International Workers' Day|May Day]] procession, 2013]]
The CPGB-ML was formed in 2004, believing itself to be the "natural progression of the CPGB of the 1920s and 30s" (for they believe that the decline of that original party began with the publication of ''[[Communist Party of Britain#Britain's Road to Socialism|The British Road to Socialism]]'' in 1951).<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-04|title=A critique of “Britain’s Road to Socialism” in the 21st century – The Programme of the Communist Party of Britain (CPB): PART ONE|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/3689/a-critique-of-britains-road-to-socialism-in-the-21st-century-the-programme-of-the-communist-party-of-britain-cpb-part-one|newspaper=Lalkar|quote=}}</ref> The party acknowledges that "there are already several parties in Britain who refer to themselves as communist", but believed that the existing parties (which were all formed slightly before the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]]) were revisionist.

On the one hand, the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) established itself as continuing the CPGB's original ''British Road to Socialism'' (now confusingly called ''Britain’s Road to Socialism''), which had in the CPGB-ML's view "allowed the [[Eurocommunism|euro-communists]] to take control in the first place. In fact the euro-communists were only a group of revisionists within what was then a revisionist party that took revisionism to its logical conclusion, ie, liquidation." On the other hand, the [[New Communist Party of Britain|New Communist Party]] (NCP)'s "decision never to stand in elections and their total support for the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in elections set them only a wafer’s width apart from the revisionists that they had left".<ref name=":0" />

It claims that each party "fawn all over it [the Labour Party] in Lenin’s name", referring to Lenin's [[Library:"Left-wing" communism, an infantile disorder]]. The CPGB-ML hold that Lenin's advice here (for communists to canvass on the basis of supporting the Labour Party, but making clear that an impending Labour government would not truly represent the working class) was based on the material conditions of Britain at that time, and is not applicable to the present day.

==Relations with other parties==

===International standing===
[[File:Cpgb-ml cpc 2021.jpg|thumb|Joti Brar attends CPC and World Political Parties Summit, 2021]]
The CPGB-ML has a history of relationships with political (some communist) parties and the embassies of [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES states]], having met delegations from [[People's Republic of China|China]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2008-08|title=Spirited rally launches Hands off China campaign|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?art=419&secName=proletarian&subName=display|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{News citation|date=2019-10-02|title=The Chinese revolution: ‘One of the greatest moments in human history’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/10/02/news/chinese-revolution-greatest-moments-human-history-mao/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2009-10|title=CPGB-ML greets China’s communists on anniversary|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=544|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Republic of Cuba|Cuba]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Cuba and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/cuba-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Venezuela]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2016-12-14|title=Venezuela - The Struggle continues!|url=https://youtu.be/uIkBMFIJ_ww|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea|North Korea]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Matt Drake|newspaper=Express|title=EXCLUSIVE: Hard-line UK communists openly SUPPORT Kim Jong-un and DENY atrocities|date=2018-02-04|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/politics/914398/North-Korea-UK-communist-party-war-USA-Kim-Jong-un-Stalin-nuclear-weapons-politics|archive-date=2018-02-04|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2018-08-27|title=October 100: DPR Korea pays tribute|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/08/27/tv/october-100-dpr-korea-pays-tribute/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Lao People's Democratic Republic|Laos]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Laos independence and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/laos-independence-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam|Vietnam]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Harpal Brar|date=2008-10-01|title=CPGB-ML meets Vietnamese Party delegation|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/10/01/news/cpgb-ml-meets-vietnamese-party-delegation/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Nepal]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Comrade Ganesh Vikaria from the embassy of Nepal extended his greetings to the meeting}}</ref> [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Nicaragua Embassy|date=2021-10-28|title=Nicaraguan ambassador: ‘In our country, democracy is in the hands of the people’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/10/28/news/nicaragua-ambassador-guisell-morales-sandinista-revolution-democracy-people/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Turkey]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Speaking next, a comrade from the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Turkey and Northern Kurdistan (MLKP) said that the October Revolution continues to guide the struggles of the working class and oppressed nations throughout the world.}}</ref> [[Sri Lanka]]<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2017-06-19|title=CPGB-ML Mayday message: in Sri Lanka with the JVP|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfGdDAlCTrU|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> and [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2018-10-19|title=Red Youth in South Korea - Protest at US Army Base Daegu|url=https://youtu.be/Xn8xJxdEjqA}}</ref> Most of these meetings occurred at CPGB-ML events, with some exceptions. Amongst other international appearances, representatives of the party have attended the World Socialist Forum (Beijing, 2016).<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-06-17|title=The Fall of the USSR - Market Socialism|url=https://youtu.be/x6pCNLJrjpc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> In terms of television appearances, representatives of the party have spoken on [[TeleSUR]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-09-01|title=Vice-Chair of the CPGB-ML speaks to telesurenglish in Bolivar Square|url=https://youtu.be/z8sdmisoHzc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Press TV]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-07|title=Ranjeet on ‘partygate’ scandal as Met Police issue fines over Downing Street lockdown parties|url=https://youtu.be/S580rcXv0FA|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Al-Mayadeen]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-01|title=Ella Rule appearing on Kalima Horra to discuss Ukraine|url=https://youtu.be/sK5BEkA7fh4|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[RT (TV Network)|RT]]<ref name=":4">{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2015-10-25|title=Xi Jinping in London - Keith Bennet talks to George Galloway on RT's Sputnik|url=https://youtu.be/ysMZHdaJCqQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Peter Lavelle|date=2021-12-31|title=CrossTalk: Crystal Ball 2022|url=https://www.rt.com/shows/crosstalk/544590-new-year-2022-crystal-ball/|newspaper=RT}}</ref>, [[China Global Television Network|CGTN]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|newspaper=YouTube|title=Joti Brar interview with CGTN on the Centenary of the CPC|date=2021-07-18|url=https://youtu.be/6TfN3_ypD3Q}}</ref> and the [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]].<ref>{{News citation|author=|date=2018-06-12|title=CPGB-ML’s Harpal Brar discusses DPRK on BBC’s primetime The One Show|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/06/12/tv/cpgb-ml-chairman-harpal-brar-discusses-dprk-us-summit-bbc-one-show-korea-trump/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref>
[[File:Cpgb-ml covid and internationalism 2021.jpg|thumb|Covid and International meeting with Chinese, Cuban, Venezuelan, and Nicaraguan delegates in attendance, 2021]]
At its ninth (and most recent) congress, the party held a public meeting regarding "Covid and Internationalism". The panel of speakers was made up of ambassadors from socialist countries: China, Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua.<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-11-11|title=Ninth party congress: We must connect our movement with the masses|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/11/11/news/ninth-party-congress-connect-movement-with-masses/|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=The international section of the congress was supplemented by an inspiring meeting on Saturday night on the topic of ‘Covid and Internationalism’. Guests from four fraternal embassies addressed our audience on this topic: Ambassador Rocio del Valle Maneiro González of Bolivarian Venezuela, Ambassador Guisell Morales-Echaverry of Sandinistan Nicaragua, Counsellor Kong Xiangwen of the People’s Republic of China, and Secretary Aymée Alejandra Diaz Negrín of socialist Cuba.}}</ref> This is despite the fact that, at this point in time, Nicaragua maintained official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China rather than the PRC.<ref>{{News citation|author=Helen Davidson|date=2021-10-10|title=Nicaragua cuts ties with Taiwan and pivots to China|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/10/nicaragua-cuts-ties-with-taiwan-and-pivots-to-china|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-12-10|title=China, Nicaragua resume diplomatic relations, sign joint communique|url=https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-12-10/China-Nicaragua-resume-diplomatic-relations-15S7NNXTjWg/index.html|newspaper=CGTN}}</ref> At this event, the Chinese ambassador formally presented a congratulatory letter to party for its holding of the congress.

The CPGB-ML has attempted to be included in the annual [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties]] (IMCWP). In 2008, the [[Communist Party of Greece]]—acting on behalf of the IMCWP—asked the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) to produce a report on the eligibility of the CPGB-ML for membership of the IMCWP (since 2008, the CPB and the [[New Communist Party of Britain|NCP]] are the only British parties on the members list.)<ref>http://www.solidnet.org/links/communist-and-workers-parties/</ref> The 3-page report denounced the CPGB-ML as a party which "lacks the essential requirements of a Marxist Leninist Communist Party" with "no base in the organized working class". The CPGB-ML subsequently produced a 15-page response to the "lies and slanders of the CPB". The original report seems to be unavailable online, although alongside its response, the CPGB-ML reproduced it [https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf here].<ref>{{News citation|title=CPGB-ML’s reply to the lies and slanders of the CPB|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928131816/https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf}}</ref>

===Workers Party of Britain===
Joti Brar, Vice Chair of the CPGB-ML, is also the Deputy Leader of the [[Workers Party of Britain]] (WPB). Since 2019, much of the CPGB-ML's practical work has been within the WPB. CPGB-ML members are required to also be members of the WPB, making the point that "sitting smugly on the sidelines will not help us to bring this essential understanding [Marxist analysis of [[social democracy]]] to our fellow workers".<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-08-10|title=WPB storms Batley: ‘We intend to replace Labour as party of working class’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/08/10/news/workers-party-britain-storms-batley-replace-labour-party/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> Its leader, [[George Galloway]], has a history with the CPGB-ML, despite never having been a member himself.
[[File:Cpgb-ml george galloway 2009.jpg|thumb|George Galloway attends a Hands off China event, 2009]]
The CPGB-ML's first official views of Galloway were negative, describing him as "a man who had to be thrown out of the imperialist Labour Party kicking and screaming".<ref name=":0" /> However, since 2009, Galloway has participated in several meetings held by the CPGB-ML,<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2009-10-05|title=George Galloway - Hands off China 1/3|url=https://youtu.be/LuWNlFkrihQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> and prominent member of the party Ranjeet Brar (an NHS surgeon) routinely appeared on Galloway's popular ''[[The Mother of All Talk Shows|Mother Of All Talkshows]]'' as the "MOATS medic" throughout the pandemic.<ref>{{News citation|author=George Galloway|date=2022-03-03|title=#CORONAVIRUS EXPERT: Want to know how serious this outbreak really is?|url=https://youtu.be/qSwQh3qD2cQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-02-05|title=Comrade Ranjeet on Moats: NHS marketisation and the covid death toll|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/02/05/tv/comrade-ranjeet-on-moats-nhs-marketisation-and-the-covid-death-toll/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> Other prominent members have appeared on other shows hosted by Galloway.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-08-16|title=Hong Kong: Who is behind the protests?|url=https://youtu.be/aGIVvb6JyzM|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-01-28|title=Nina Kosta vice chair of the Communist Party discusses U.S. aggression towards China|url=https://youtu.be/pwC-T6x9DiY|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

One reason Galloway may have grown closer to the party over time—and the party to him—is that he found he held common ground with the party's line on several issues. Crucially, his anti-[[European Union|EU]] stance coming up to the [[Brexit]] referendum, and the defence of the results of that referendum.<ref>https://workerspartybritain.org/frequently-asked-questions/#faq10</ref> In addition, both Galloway and the CPGB-ML hold positive views of [[Venezuela]], in particular [[Hugo Chavez]]—whom Galloway considers a close friend and had been on the campaign trail with.<ref>{{News citation|author=Channel 4 News|date=2013-03-06|title=George Galloway on his friend Hugo Chavez|url=https://youtu.be/e0rojYMx5c4|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

==Structure==
The CPGB-ML is organized under the principles of [[democratic centralism]]. The Party Congress is the supreme authority of the party and meets at least once every four years. Most party resolutions only require a 50% vote to pass, but changes to the party rules or programme require 75%. If the party has 500 full members or less, all members may attend the party congress. If it has between 501 and 5,000 members, the congress has one representative for every ten members. If it has over 5,000 members, there is one representative for every 25 members. The Party Congress elects a Central Committee consisting of a Chair, two Vice-Chairs, and at least 15 other members.<ref name=":5">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|year=2018|title=Party Programme and Rules|chapter=Party rules|page=23–31|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/PartyProgrammeAndRules2018.pdf|city=Birmingham|isbn=9781913286026}}</ref>

===Local organizations===
The lowest level of party organization is the study group, which meets weekly. The Central Committee may establish Regional or City Committees for areas with multiple study groups.<ref name=":5" />

==Domestic positions==
The party defends the television network RT because of the role it plays in counter-propaganda against mainstream media, using the specific example of its coverage of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{News citation|author=Gavin Haynes|newspaper=Vice|title=I Went to a Stalinist Free-Speech Protest to Defend Russia Today from Natwest|date=2016-10-19|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108093627/https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-date=2020-11-08|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref>

==Criticism==

===Dismissal of LGBT rights as "LGBT ideology"===
In its 8th Congress of 2018, the CPGB-ML put forward a motion claiming that "obsession with [[identity politics]], including sexual politics, is anti-Marxian",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2018-12-07|title=Identity politics are anti-Marxian and a harmful diversion from the class struggle|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/12/07/news/identity-politics-are-anti-marxian-and-a-harmful-diversion-from-the-class-struggle/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> in opposition to what they call "[[LGBT+|LGBT]] ideology".<ref name=":2">{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-20|title=Why gay rights is not a class issue|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/04/20/news/why-gay-rights-is-not-a-class-issue/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> CPGB-ML justifies this view on the argument that the LGBT struggle is opposed to class politics, as the number of transgender people is "statistically so small as to be insignificant",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-03-23|title=The reactionary nightmare of ‘gender fluidity’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/03/23/news/the-reactionary-nightmare-of-gender-fluidity/|newspaper=The Communists (CPGB-ML)|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> and that transgender activists want to encourage children to be trans,<ref name=":2" /> a common [[reactionary]] stance promoted by chauvinists and [[Fascism|fascists]].

The central committee of the party is openly anti-trans due to its position that gender and biological sex are synonymous and "common sense",<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Citation|author=Various authors|year=2019|title=Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend: Where is LGBT Ideology Taking Us?|chapter=|page=|pdf=https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/TransgenderTrend_read.pdf|city=|publisher=|isbn=978-1-913286-00-2|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> a position against historical-materialist understanding of gender.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-24|title=The historical-materialist theory of gender|url=https://redfightback.org/misogyny-is-not-caused-by-biological-sex-the-historical-materialist-theory-of-gender/|newspaper=Red Fightback|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> A 70-page pamphlet written by Ranjeet Brar, Edward Renyard, and Joti Brar titled ''Identity politics and the transgender trend: where is LGBT ideology taking us?'' confuses the LGBT struggle with the liberal appropriation of that struggle.<ref name=":3" /> The pamphlet claims that "it is not gender that alienates men from women, it is our social relations", completely oblivious to the fact that gender is a historical [[social construct]], and that the existence of trans people even precedes the use of the term.<ref>{{Citation|author=Diederik F. Janssen|year=2020|title=Transgenderism before gender: nosology from the sixteenth through mid‑twentieth century|chapter=|page=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=10.1007/s10508-020-01715-w|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>

==Published works==
Listed in order of appearance on the party's website.<ref>https://shop.thecommunists.org/</ref>

===Party pamphlets===
*''Party Programme and Rules''
*''The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn''
* ''Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend''
*''Zionism: A Racist, Antisemitic and Reactionary Tool of Imperialism''
*''Claudia Jones, Communist''
*''A Class Analysis of Britain at the Start of the 21st Century''
*''The Drive to War Against Russia and China''
* ''The Soviet Victory Over Fascism''
*''World War One: An Interimperialist War''
*''Revisionism and the Demise of the USSR''
*''Capitalism and Immigration''
*''The 1926 General Strike''
*''NATO’s Predatory War Against Yugoslavia''
*''60th Anniversary of the Victory Over Fascism''

===Harpal Brar books===
''Main article: [[Harpal Brar]]''

*''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''
*''Inquilab Zindabad! India’s Liberation Struggle''
*''Imperialism and the Worst-Ever Crisis of Overproduction''
*''Imperialism and War''
*''Imperialism: The Eve of the Social Revolution of the Proletariat''
*''Chimurenga! The Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe''
*''Imperialism in the Middle East''
*''Marxism and the Emancipation of Women''
*''Bourgeois Nationalism or Proletarian Internationalism?''
* ''Imperialism: decadent, parasitic, moribund capitalism''
* ''Social Democracy – the Enemy Within''
*''Trotskyism or Leninism?''
*''Perestroika: the Complete Collapse of Revisionism''

===Stalin Society pamphlets===
''Main article: [[Stalin Society]]''

*''Stalin Society Magazine | issue 01''
* ''Lies about the Soviet Union''
*''The Soviet Union at War''
*''Life in the Soviet Union''

==References==

<references />
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:British communist parties]]

File:Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) PNG.svg

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== Summary ==
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist).svg

Communist Party of Great Britain

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{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain|abbreviation=CPGB|general_secretary=[[Albert Inkpin]] (first) [[Nina Temple]] (last)|founded=31 July 1920|dissolved=23 November 1991|membership_year=1945|membership=60,000|political_orientation=[[Marxism-Leninism]] [[Revisionism]](Later) [[Eurocommunism]](later)|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain Fawr|logo=CPGB logo.png}}

The '''Communist Party of Great Britain''' ('''CPGB''') was a [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]] from 1920 to 1991.

==History==
The Communist Party of Great Britain was founded in 1920 and participated in a general strike in 1926. It organized a mass movement against the [[British Union of Fascists]] and sent over a thousand volunteers to fight in the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain|title=The communist party|url=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505074537/https://www.communistparty.org.uk/what-we-stand-for/|archive-date=2022-05-05|retrieved=2022-06-19}}</ref> In 1945, it won two seats in the [[House of Commons]].<ref>{{News citation|title=1945 General election results summary|url=http://www.ukpolitical.info/1945.htm|newspaper=UK Political Info|retrieved=2022-03-20}}</ref>

After the [[Second World War]], the CPGB campaigned against British membership in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]]. It organized miners' strikes in the 1970s and '80s. In 1988, a group of [[Communism|communists]] who had been expelled by the revisionist party leadership founded the [[Communist Party of Britain]].<ref name=":0" /> Former members would also found and join the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]].<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12-01|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/|newspaper=[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2008-12-01|title=Remembering departed comrades|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> The CPGB was dissolved in 1991.

==References==
{{Communist parties}}
[[Category:Political parties]]
[[Category:Communist parties]]

<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)

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{{Communist Parties}}
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)

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{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)|logo=Logo of the CPGB–PCC.png|chairperson=Jack Conrad|newspaper=[[Weekly Worker]]|website=https://communistparty.co.uk/}}The '''Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)''' ('''CPGB-PCC''') is a political group which publishes the ''[[Weekly Worker]]'' newspaper. It claims the title to the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain|Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB)]], formed in 1920, and grew out of an orthodox Marxist faction within that party. It began publishing ''[[The Leninist]]'' during a time of perceived reformism in the party leadership,<ref>{{News citation|author=Jack Conrad|date=2014-03-06|title=Before this there was that|url=https://weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1000/the-leninist-before-this-there-was-that/|newspaper=Weekly Worker|quote=The so-called Eurocommunists were on the march and the official leadership was wedded to the national-reformist British road to socialism programme.}}</ref> with the aim of provoking "an ideological struggle in the party in order to purge it of all rotten opportunist elements."<ref>{{News citation|date=1981-12|title=The Communist Party, the crisis and its crisis|url=https://communistparty.co.uk/leninist/The%20Leninist%201.pdf|newspaper=The Leninist}}</ref> Chairman of the CPGB-PCC, [[Jack Conrad]], admitted that "though I have never called myself a Trotskyite, a Trotskyist or a Trotskyoid, Trotsky himself exerted a strong pull over my evolving ideas," and rejected the "popular frontism, broad leftism and diplomatic internationalism promoted by Stalin."<ref>{{News citation|author=Jack Conrade|date=2014-03-06|title=The Leninist: Before this there was that|url=https://weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1000/the-leninist-before-this-there-was-that/|quote=Nevertheless, though I have never called myself a Trotskyite, a Trotskyist or a Trotskyoid, Trotsky himself exerted a strong pull over my evolving ideas. Hence we had no compunction about rejecting the popular frontism, broad leftism and diplomatic internationalism promoted by Stalin and little Stalins the world over.}}</ref> The CPGB-PCC supports [[Labour Party Marxists]], a Labour-entryist group which seeks to "transform the Labour Party into an instrument for working class advance and international socialism."<ref>http://labourpartymarxists.org.uk/aims-and-principles/</ref>

== References ==
{{Communist Parties}}
<references />
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)

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{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|logo=CPB-ML logo.png|founded=1968|headquarters=London, England|newspaper=''Workers''}}

The '''Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)''' is a communist party in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|Great Britain]]. It considers the [[People's Republic of China]] after [[Mao Zedong|Mao]]'s death to be [[Capitalism|capitalist]].<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain Marxist-Leninist|title=Britain and the World|url=https://cpbml.org.uk/BritainWorld2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507191517/https://cpbml.org.uk/BritainWorld2015|archive-date=2022-05-07|retrieved=2022-08-31}}</ref> The CPB-ML supported [[Brexit]] and advocates for British withdrawal from [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain Marxist-Leninist|title=Real Control for Real Independence|date=2022-01-17|url=https://cpbml.org.uk/real-control|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403173727/https://cpbml.org.uk/real-control|archive-date=2022-04-03|retrieved=2022-08-31}}</ref> It opposes [[Wales|Welsh]] and [[Scotland|Scottish]] independence<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Communist Party of Britain Marxist-Leninist|title=Unity|url=https://cpbml.org.uk/unity|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227173034/https://cpbml.org.uk/unity|archive-date=2022-02-27|retrieved=2022-08-31}}</ref> but supports [[Republic of Ireland|Irish]] reunification.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Communist parties}}
[[Category:Communist parties]]
<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

New Communist Party of Britain

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{{Infobox political party|name=New Communist Party of Britain|logo=NCPB logo.png|founded=1977|general_secretary=[[Andy Brooks]]|newspaper=''The New Worker''|political_orientation=[[Marxism-Leninism]] [[Anti-Revisionism]]|international=[[IMCWP]]|website=http://www.newworker.org/}}{{Communist Parties}}The '''New Communist Party of Britain''' ('''NCPB''') is an [[Anti-revisionism|anti-revisionist]] [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. It is aganist the [[imperialist]] [[European Union]] and [[Eurocommunism]].

== Positions ==

=== Brexit ===
The NCPB supported the UK leaving the [[European Union]] and advocates for the dissolution of the EU.<ref>{{News citation|author=18th National Congress|newspaper=The New Worker|title=The European Union and the crisis|date=2015|url=http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/the_european_union_and_the_crisis.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807232333/http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/the_european_union_and_the_crisis.html|archive-date=2017-08-07|retrieved=2022-06-23}}</ref>

=== Ireland, Scotland, and Wales ===
The NCPB supports the self-determination of [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]].<ref>{{News citation|author=18th National Congress|newspaper=The New Worker|title=Scotland and Wales|date=2015|url=http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/scotland_and_wales.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807232509/http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/scotland_and_wales.html|archive-date=2017-08-07|retrieved=2022-06-23}}</ref> The NCPB also supports [[Sinn Féin]] and demands an immediate reunification of [[Ireland]].<ref>{{News citation|author=18th National Congress|newspaper=The New Worker|title=For a united Ireland and lasting peace|date=2015|url=http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/for_a_united_ireland_and_lasting_peace.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511193210/http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/for_a_united_ireland_and_lasting_peace.html|archive-date=2021-05-11}}</ref>

=== LGBT+ ===
Unlike the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|CPGB-ML]], the NCPB supports [[LGBT+|LGBTQ]] rights.<ref>{{News citation|author=18th National Congress|newspaper=The New Worker|title=Lesbian, Gay, Bi‑Sexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) rights|date=2015|url=http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/lesbian_gay_bi_sexual_transgender_and_queer_rights.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509003822/http://www.newworker.org/congressdocs/congress2015/lesbian_gay_bi_sexual_transgender_and_queer_rights.html|archive-date=2021-05-09|retrieved=2022-06-23}}</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Communist parties]]
<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)

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{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|logo=Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist).svg|founded=3 July, 2004|abbreviation=CPGB-ML|chairperson=[[Ella Rule]]|newspaper=''[[Proletarian (newspaper)|Proletarian]]''|youth_wing=Red Youth|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]] 
[[Anti-revisionism]]|website=https://thecommunists.org|twitter=https://twitter.com/CPGBML|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/ProletarianCPGBML|Vice Chairperson(s)=}}{{Communist parties}}
The '''Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)''' (CPGB-ML) is a [[Marxism-leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] political party based in the United Kingdom, specifically England, Scotland and Wales. It was founded in July 2004 by former members of the [[Socialist Labour Party (UK)|Socialist Labour Party]] who were expelled for supporting [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES]] states,<ref name=":0">{{News citation|date=2004-08|title=Formation of the CPGB-ML|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=10|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> as well as some members of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|date=2009-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2009/12/01/news/jack-shapiro-lives-forever-in-our-hearts/}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=Remembering departed comrades|date=2008-12-01|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/12/01/news/remembering-departed-comrades/}}</ref> Today the party is the largest and most prominent Marxist-Leninist party in the United Kingdom, mostly due to its extensive online and media outreach and the prolific activities of its founder and former chairman, [[Harpal Brar]]; he has founded and run a number of pro-communist organisations, including the [[Indian Workers' Association]] and the [[Stalin Society]].

The party runs two bi-monthly newspapers: ''[[Proletarian]]'', which mainly considers current affairs, and ''[[Lalkar]]'', which consists of more long-form theoretical content. The party also runs the YouTube channel [[Proletarian TV]] from which it uploads its conferences, speeches from its members, pro-communist documentaries it does not own, and other similar material. To support its written content, ''Proletarian'' articles are given voiceovers on ''[[Proletarian Radio]]''. Despite being staunchly anti-revisionist, the party still supports current-day [[People's Republic of China|China]], so much so that Harpal Brar himself co-founded the [[Hands Off China (Campaign)|Hands Off China]] campaign and published a book on China: ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''.<ref>[https://shop.thecommunists.org/product/socialism-with-chinese-characteristics-2020/ ''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''] by Harpal Brar</ref>

==History==

===Formation of the party===
[[File:Cpgb-ml may day 2013.jpg|left|thumb|CPGB-ML [[International Workers' Day|May Day]] procession, 2013]]
The CPGB-ML was formed in 2004, believing itself to be the "natural progression of the CPGB of the 1920s and 30s" (for they believe that the decline of that original party began with the publication of ''[[Communist Party of Britain#Britain's Road to Socialism|The British Road to Socialism]]'' in 1951).<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-04|title=A critique of “Britain’s Road to Socialism” in the 21st century – The Programme of the Communist Party of Britain (CPB): PART ONE|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/3689/a-critique-of-britains-road-to-socialism-in-the-21st-century-the-programme-of-the-communist-party-of-britain-cpb-part-one|newspaper=Lalkar|quote=}}</ref> The party acknowledges that "there are already several parties in Britain who refer to themselves as communist", but believed that the existing parties (which were all formed slightly before the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]]) were revisionist.

On the one hand, the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) established itself as continuing the CPGB's original ''British Road to Socialism'' (now confusingly called ''Britain’s Road to Socialism''), which had in the CPGB-ML's view "allowed the [[Eurocommunism|euro-communists]] to take control in the first place. In fact the euro-communists were only a group of revisionists within what was then a revisionist party that took revisionism to its logical conclusion, ie, liquidation." On the other hand, the [[New Communist Party of Britain|New Communist Party]] (NCP)'s "decision never to stand in elections and their total support for the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in elections set them only a wafer’s width apart from the revisionists that they had left".<ref name=":0" />

It claims that each party "fawn all over it [the Labour Party] in Lenin’s name", referring to Lenin's [[Library:"Left-wing" communism, an infantile disorder]]. The CPGB-ML hold that Lenin's advice here (for communists to canvass on the basis of supporting the Labour Party, but making clear that an impending Labour government would not truly represent the working class) was based on the material conditions of Britain at that time, and is not applicable to the present day.

==Relations with other parties==

===International standing===
[[File:Cpgb-ml cpc 2021.jpg|thumb|Joti Brar attends CPC and World Political Parties Summit, 2021]]
The CPGB-ML has a history of relationships with political (some communist) parties and the embassies of [[Actually Existing Socialism|AES states]], having met delegations from [[People's Republic of China|China]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2008-08|title=Spirited rally launches Hands off China campaign|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?art=419&secName=proletarian&subName=display|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{News citation|date=2019-10-02|title=The Chinese revolution: ‘One of the greatest moments in human history’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/10/02/news/chinese-revolution-greatest-moments-human-history-mao/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2009-10|title=CPGB-ML greets China’s communists on anniversary|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=544|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Republic of Cuba|Cuba]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Cuba and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/cuba-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Venezuela]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2016-12-14|title=Venezuela - The Struggle continues!|url=https://youtu.be/uIkBMFIJ_ww|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea|North Korea]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Matt Drake|newspaper=Express|title=EXCLUSIVE: Hard-line UK communists openly SUPPORT Kim Jong-un and DENY atrocities|date=2018-02-04|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/politics/914398/North-Korea-UK-communist-party-war-USA-Kim-Jong-un-Stalin-nuclear-weapons-politics|archive-date=2018-02-04|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2018-08-27|title=October 100: DPR Korea pays tribute|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/08/27/tv/october-100-dpr-korea-pays-tribute/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Lao People's Democratic Republic|Laos]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2018-10-05|title=Laos independence and the October Revolution|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/10/05/tv/laos-independence-and-the-october-revolution/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> [[Socialist Republic of Vietnam|Vietnam]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Harpal Brar|date=2008-10-01|title=CPGB-ML meets Vietnamese Party delegation|url=https://thecommunists.org/2008/10/01/news/cpgb-ml-meets-vietnamese-party-delegation/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Nepal]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Comrade Ganesh Vikaria from the embassy of Nepal extended his greetings to the meeting}}</ref> [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Nicaragua Embassy|date=2021-10-28|title=Nicaraguan ambassador: ‘In our country, democracy is in the hands of the people’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/10/28/news/nicaragua-ambassador-guisell-morales-sandinista-revolution-democracy-people/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[Turkey]],<ref>{{News citation|date=2009-12|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=Speaking next, a comrade from the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Turkey and Northern Kurdistan (MLKP) said that the October Revolution continues to guide the struggles of the working class and oppressed nations throughout the world.}}</ref> [[Sri Lanka]]<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2017-06-19|title=CPGB-ML Mayday message: in Sri Lanka with the JVP|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfGdDAlCTrU|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> and [[Republic of Korea|South Korea]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2018-10-19|title=Red Youth in South Korea - Protest at US Army Base Daegu|url=https://youtu.be/Xn8xJxdEjqA}}</ref> Most of these meetings occurred at CPGB-ML events, with some exceptions. Amongst other international appearances, representatives of the party have attended the World Socialist Forum (Beijing, 2016).<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-06-17|title=The Fall of the USSR - Market Socialism|url=https://youtu.be/x6pCNLJrjpc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> In terms of television appearances, representatives of the party have spoken on [[TeleSUR]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-09-01|title=Vice-Chair of the CPGB-ML speaks to telesurenglish in Bolivar Square|url=https://youtu.be/z8sdmisoHzc|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Press TV]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-07|title=Ranjeet on ‘partygate’ scandal as Met Police issue fines over Downing Street lockdown parties|url=https://youtu.be/S580rcXv0FA|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref> [[Al-Mayadeen]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-04-01|title=Ella Rule appearing on Kalima Horra to discuss Ukraine|url=https://youtu.be/sK5BEkA7fh4|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> [[RT (TV Network)|RT]]<ref name=":4">{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2015-10-25|title=Xi Jinping in London - Keith Bennet talks to George Galloway on RT's Sputnik|url=https://youtu.be/ysMZHdaJCqQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Peter Lavelle|date=2021-12-31|title=CrossTalk: Crystal Ball 2022|url=https://www.rt.com/shows/crosstalk/544590-new-year-2022-crystal-ball/|newspaper=RT}}</ref>, [[China Global Television Network|CGTN]],<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|newspaper=YouTube|title=Joti Brar interview with CGTN on the Centenary of the CPC|date=2021-07-18|url=https://youtu.be/6TfN3_ypD3Q}}</ref> and the [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]].<ref>{{News citation|author=|date=2018-06-12|title=CPGB-ML’s Harpal Brar discusses DPRK on BBC’s primetime The One Show|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/06/12/tv/cpgb-ml-chairman-harpal-brar-discusses-dprk-us-summit-bbc-one-show-korea-trump/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref>
[[File:Cpgb-ml covid and internationalism 2021.jpg|thumb|Covid and International meeting with Chinese, Cuban, Venezuelan, and Nicaraguan delegates in attendance, 2021]]
At its ninth (and most recent) congress, the party held a public meeting regarding "Covid and Internationalism". The panel of speakers was made up of ambassadors from socialist countries: China, Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua.<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-11-11|title=Ninth party congress: We must connect our movement with the masses|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/11/11/news/ninth-party-congress-connect-movement-with-masses/|newspaper=Proletarian|quote=The international section of the congress was supplemented by an inspiring meeting on Saturday night on the topic of ‘Covid and Internationalism’. Guests from four fraternal embassies addressed our audience on this topic: Ambassador Rocio del Valle Maneiro González of Bolivarian Venezuela, Ambassador Guisell Morales-Echaverry of Sandinistan Nicaragua, Counsellor Kong Xiangwen of the People’s Republic of China, and Secretary Aymée Alejandra Diaz Negrín of socialist Cuba.}}</ref> This is despite the fact that, at this point in time, Nicaragua maintained official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China rather than the PRC.<ref>{{News citation|author=Helen Davidson|date=2021-10-10|title=Nicaragua cuts ties with Taiwan and pivots to China|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/10/nicaragua-cuts-ties-with-taiwan-and-pivots-to-china|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-12-10|title=China, Nicaragua resume diplomatic relations, sign joint communique|url=https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-12-10/China-Nicaragua-resume-diplomatic-relations-15S7NNXTjWg/index.html|newspaper=CGTN}}</ref> At this event, the Chinese ambassador formally presented a congratulatory letter to party for its holding of the congress.

The CPGB-ML has attempted to be included in the annual [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties]] (IMCWP). In 2008, the [[Communist Party of Greece]]—acting on behalf of the IMCWP—asked the [[Communist Party of Britain]] (CPB) to produce a report on the eligibility of the CPGB-ML for membership of the IMCWP (since 2008, the CPB and the [[New Communist Party of Britain|NCP]] are the only British parties on the members list.)<ref>http://www.solidnet.org/links/communist-and-workers-parties/</ref> The 3-page report denounced the CPGB-ML as a party which "lacks the essential requirements of a Marxist Leninist Communist Party" with "no base in the organized working class". The CPGB-ML subsequently produced a 15-page response to the "lies and slanders of the CPB". The original report seems to be unavailable online, although alongside its response, the CPGB-ML reproduced it [https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf here].<ref>{{News citation|title=CPGB-ML’s reply to the lies and slanders of the CPB|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928131816/https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/download/publications/iccwp_cpb_report_and_reply.pdf}}</ref>

===Workers Party of Britain===
Joti Brar, Vice Chair of the CPGB-ML, is also the Deputy Leader of the [[Workers Party of Britain]] (WPB). Since 2019, much of the CPGB-ML's practical work has been within the WPB. CPGB-ML members are required to also be members of the WPB, making the point that "sitting smugly on the sidelines will not help us to bring this essential understanding [Marxist analysis of [[social democracy]]] to our fellow workers".<ref>{{News citation|date=2021-08-10|title=WPB storms Batley: ‘We intend to replace Labour as party of working class’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/08/10/news/workers-party-britain-storms-batley-replace-labour-party/|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref> Its leader, [[George Galloway]], has a history with the CPGB-ML, despite never having been a member himself.
[[File:Cpgb-ml george galloway 2009.jpg|thumb|George Galloway attends a Hands off China event, 2009]]
The CPGB-ML's first official views of Galloway were negative, describing him as "a man who had to be thrown out of the imperialist Labour Party kicking and screaming".<ref name=":0" /> However, since 2009, Galloway has participated in several meetings held by the CPGB-ML,<ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2009-10-05|title=George Galloway - Hands off China 1/3|url=https://youtu.be/LuWNlFkrihQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> and prominent member of the party Ranjeet Brar (an NHS surgeon) routinely appeared on Galloway's popular ''[[The Mother of All Talk Shows|Mother Of All Talkshows]]'' as the "MOATS medic" throughout the pandemic.<ref>{{News citation|author=George Galloway|date=2022-03-03|title=#CORONAVIRUS EXPERT: Want to know how serious this outbreak really is?|url=https://youtu.be/qSwQh3qD2cQ|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|date=2021-02-05|title=Comrade Ranjeet on Moats: NHS marketisation and the covid death toll|url=https://thecommunists.org/2021/02/05/tv/comrade-ranjeet-on-moats-nhs-marketisation-and-the-covid-death-toll/|newspaper=Proletarian TV}}</ref> Other prominent members have appeared on other shows hosted by Galloway.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2019-08-16|title=Hong Kong: Who is behind the protests?|url=https://youtu.be/aGIVvb6JyzM|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|author=Proletarian TV|date=2022-01-28|title=Nina Kosta vice chair of the Communist Party discusses U.S. aggression towards China|url=https://youtu.be/pwC-T6x9DiY|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

One reason Galloway may have grown closer to the party over time—and the party to him—is that he found he held common ground with the party's line on several issues. Crucially, his anti-[[European Union|EU]] stance coming up to the [[Brexit]] referendum, and the defence of the results of that referendum.<ref>https://workerspartybritain.org/frequently-asked-questions/#faq10</ref> In addition, both Galloway and the CPGB-ML hold positive views of [[Venezuela]], in particular [[Hugo Chavez]]—whom Galloway considers a close friend and had been on the campaign trail with.<ref>{{News citation|author=Channel 4 News|date=2013-03-06|title=George Galloway on his friend Hugo Chavez|url=https://youtu.be/e0rojYMx5c4|newspaper=YouTube}}</ref>

==Structure==
The CPGB-ML is organized under the principles of [[democratic centralism]]. The Party Congress is the supreme authority of the party and meets at least once every four years. Most party resolutions only require a 50% vote to pass, but changes to the party rules or programme require 75%. If the party has 500 full members or less, all members may attend the party congress. If it has between 501 and 5,000 members, the congress has one representative for every ten members. If it has over 5,000 members, there is one representative for every 25 members. The Party Congress elects a Central Committee consisting of a Chair, two Vice-Chairs, and at least 15 other members.<ref name=":5">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|year=2018|title=Party Programme and Rules|chapter=Party rules|page=23–31|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/PartyProgrammeAndRules2018.pdf|city=Birmingham|isbn=9781913286026}}</ref>

===Local organizations===
The lowest level of party organization is the study group, which meets weekly. The Central Committee may establish Regional or City Committees for areas with multiple study groups.<ref name=":5" />

==Domestic positions==
The party defends the television network RT because of the role it plays in counter-propaganda against mainstream media, using the specific example of its coverage of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{News citation|author=Gavin Haynes|newspaper=Vice|title=I Went to a Stalinist Free-Speech Protest to Defend Russia Today from Natwest|date=2016-10-19|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108093627/https://www.vice.com/en/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|archive-date=2020-11-08|retrieved=2022-04-22}}</ref>

==Criticism==

===Dismissal of LGBT rights as "LGBT ideology"===
In its 8th Congress of 2018, the CPGB-ML put forward a motion claiming that "obsession with [[identity politics]], including sexual politics, is anti-Marxian",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2018-12-07|title=Identity politics are anti-Marxian and a harmful diversion from the class struggle|url=https://thecommunists.org/2018/12/07/news/identity-politics-are-anti-marxian-and-a-harmful-diversion-from-the-class-struggle/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> in opposition to what they call "[[LGBT+|LGBT]] ideology".<ref name=":2">{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-20|title=Why gay rights is not a class issue|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/04/20/news/why-gay-rights-is-not-a-class-issue/|newspaper=Proletarian|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> CPGB-ML justifies this view on the argument that the LGBT struggle is opposed to class politics, as the number of transgender people is "statistically so small as to be insignificant",<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-03-23|title=The reactionary nightmare of ‘gender fluidity’|url=https://thecommunists.org/2019/03/23/news/the-reactionary-nightmare-of-gender-fluidity/|newspaper=The Communists (CPGB-ML)|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> and that transgender activists want to encourage children to be trans,<ref name=":2" /> a common [[reactionary]] stance promoted by chauvinists and [[Fascism|fascists]].

The central committee of the party is openly anti-trans due to its position that gender and biological sex are synonymous and "common sense",<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Citation|author=Various authors|year=2019|title=Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend: Where is LGBT Ideology Taking Us?|chapter=|page=|pdf=https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/TransgenderTrend_read.pdf|city=|publisher=|isbn=978-1-913286-00-2|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> a position against historical-materialist understanding of gender.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2019-04-24|title=The historical-materialist theory of gender|url=https://redfightback.org/misogyny-is-not-caused-by-biological-sex-the-historical-materialist-theory-of-gender/|newspaper=Red Fightback|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-11-08}}</ref> A 70-page pamphlet written by Ranjeet Brar, Edward Renyard, and Joti Brar titled ''Identity politics and the transgender trend: where is LGBT ideology taking us?'' confuses the LGBT struggle with the liberal appropriation of that struggle.<ref name=":3" /> The pamphlet claims that "it is not gender that alienates men from women, it is our social relations", completely oblivious to the fact that gender is a historical [[social construct]], and that the existence of trans people even precedes the use of the term.<ref>{{Citation|author=Diederik F. Janssen|year=2020|title=Transgenderism before gender: nosology from the sixteenth through mid‑twentieth century|chapter=|page=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=10.1007/s10508-020-01715-w|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>

==Published works==
Listed in order of appearance on the party's website.<ref>https://shop.thecommunists.org/</ref>

===Party pamphlets===
*''Party Programme and Rules''
*''The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn''
* ''Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend''
*''Zionism: A Racist, Antisemitic and Reactionary Tool of Imperialism''
*''Claudia Jones, Communist''
*''A Class Analysis of Britain at the Start of the 21st Century''
*''The Drive to War Against Russia and China''
* ''The Soviet Victory Over Fascism''
*''World War One: An Interimperialist War''
*''Revisionism and the Demise of the USSR''
*''Capitalism and Immigration''
*''The 1926 General Strike''
*''NATO’s Predatory War Against Yugoslavia''
*''60th Anniversary of the Victory Over Fascism''

===Harpal Brar books===
''Main article: [[Harpal Brar]]''

*''Socialism with Chinese Characteristics: Marketisation of the Chinese economy''
*''Inquilab Zindabad! India’s Liberation Struggle''
*''Imperialism and the Worst-Ever Crisis of Overproduction''
*''Imperialism and War''
*''Imperialism: The Eve of the Social Revolution of the Proletariat''
*''Chimurenga! The Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe''
*''Imperialism in the Middle East''
*''Marxism and the Emancipation of Women''
*''Bourgeois Nationalism or Proletarian Internationalism?''
* ''Imperialism: decadent, parasitic, moribund capitalism''
* ''Social Democracy – the Enemy Within''
*''Trotskyism or Leninism?''
*''Perestroika: the Complete Collapse of Revisionism''

===Stalin Society pamphlets===
''Main article: [[Stalin Society]]''

*''Stalin Society Magazine | issue 01''
* ''Lies about the Soviet Union''
*''The Soviet Union at War''
*''Life in the Soviet Union''

==References==

<references />
[[Category:Communist parties]]
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Category:British communist parties

2023-01-12T15:48:04Z

Brit commie: create category page of british communist parties

Category page for communist parties in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|Britain]].
[[Category:Communist parties by country]]

Communist Party (Britain)

2023-01-12T15:45:40Z

Brit commie: add category of british communist parties

{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Britain|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain|logo=CPB logo.png|founded=1988|abbreviation=CPB|general_secretary=[[Robert Griffiths]]|newspaper=[[Morning Star]]|youth_wing=[[Young Communist League]]|international=[[IMCWP]]|website=https://www.communistparty.org.uk|twitter=https://twitter.com/cpbritain|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/CommunistParty|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]] (de jure) [[Revisionism]] [[Reformism]] (de facto)}}{{Communist parties}}The '''Communist Party of Britain''' ('''CPB''') is a [[Revisionism|revisionist]] [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of the Soviet Union the current BRS says “The collapse of the Soviet Union and Eastern European socialism was a severe setback from which Communists have had to draw many lessons. Those societies certainly had many faults – not least their restriction of democracy – which contributed to their downfall”.

While on the need for the forceful revolutionary overthrow of British imperialism it states “decisive advances towards socialism can only be achieved by mobilising the mass of the people in support of an intermediate alternative economic and political strategy which aims at securing full employment, a general improvement in living standards, a wide expansion of democracy and a genuine policy for peace” unfortunately the CPB are among those today misleading the workers by claiming that peace can be achieved without revolution, which obviously means that imperialism, according to them, does not lead to war. This is anti-Leninist rubbish which flies in the face of common sense (at least the 1951 version did not have the example of the Pinochet coup in Chile staring them in the face to show what happens to ‘Left’ governments who try to use bourgeois parliamentary methods to advance socialist orientated policies peacefully).}}</ref> It is one of the largest communist parties in Britain. It claims the legacy of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]] (CPGB), which was dissolved in 1991. The CPB believes itself to be a continuation of the CPGB and officially considers its founding year to be 1920, not 1988.

==Britain's Road to Socialism==
The party's program is ''Britain’s Road to Socialism'' (BRS), which was first published by the CPGB in 1951. It was iteratively revised by the CPGB, then subsequently the CPB, who published its ninth and latest edition in 2020.<ref name=":2" /> The [[Young Communist League]] and the ''[[Morning Star]]'' are bound to follow the program.

Since its first edition the BRS has been a revisionist program. In the first edition it put forward the erroneous views that a non-violent parliamentary road to socialism (''not'' revolution) was the way for British workers to gain power,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of overthrowing the bourgeoisie the 1951 BRS had also lost its way claiming such things as the British people “can transform capitalist democracy into a real People’s Democracy, transforming Parliament, the product of Britain’s historic struggle for democracy, into the democratic instrument of the will of the vast majority of the people” and “The path forward for the British people will be to establish a People’s Government on the basis of a Parliament truly representative of the people” and further “A people’s Parliament and Government which draws its strength from a united movement of the people, with the working class as its core, will be able to mobilise the overwhelming majority of the people for decisive measures to break the economic and political power of the big exploiters”. After this non-violent revolution clap-trap there is, of course, no mention of the need for the dictatorship of the proletariat.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2020|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=The original sin of the BRS|page=12|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> and a erroneously regurgitated understanding of Lenin's thesis of [[imperialism]], particularly on the question of peace.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=The 1951 BRS first put forward the idea that “a third world war is neither necessary nor inevitable” claiming that the peoples united action “can be decisive for peace”. It is interesting to note that many of the revisionists, usually among the first to attack Stalin, claim, presumably to prove that neither they nor their cherished programme are revisionist, that Joseph Stalin either wrote the 1951 BRS or told a Labour Party delegation to the Soviet Union that he approved of it, we will let comrade Stalin answer that particular fiction, in one of his last works, Economic Problems Of Socialism In The USSR written around 1951-2 he, tackling exactly the above notions, says “What guarantee is there, then, that Germany and Japan will not rise to their feet again, will not attempt to break out of American bondage and live their own independent lives? I think there is no such guarantee.

“But it follows from this that the inevitability of wars between capitalist countries remains in force.

“It is said that Lenin’s thesis that imperialism inevitably generates war must now be regarded as obsolete, since powerful popular forces have come forward today in defence of peace and against another world war. That is not true.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=(Mis)understanding imperialism|chapter-url=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|page=35|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> The essence of these anti-Marxist ideas have endured into the latest version of the program.

Fundamentally, the program sets out a strategy to win socialism in three stages.

In the first stage, the CPB seeks to unite workers in a "popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance" built upon the labor movement. This would lead to the election of a "left government ... based on parliamentary majorities of [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]], socialist, communist and progressive representatives, and strengthened by the election of left majorities in Scotland and Wales." From here, the party envisages a left government which "will need to work closely with – and be held to account by – the labour movement and the ... popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance."<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=CPB Executive Committee|year=2020|title=Britain’s road to socialism|title-url=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|pdf=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|publisher=Manifesto Press Cooperative|isbn=978-1-907464-43-0}}</ref>

In the second stage, once a left government has been elected, the CPB sets forth that the state apparatus will try to continue operating in the "interests of the system for which they were designed". To overcome this, the government would have to introduce "extensive changes in recruitment, staffing and management policies within the civil and diplomatic services, the judiciary, the police, the secret services and armed forces". This will be achieved by "parliamentary means" supported by regular "democratic endorsement by the people in elections and referendums."

This is in absolute contradiction with Marx's teaching on the state,<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=Marx’s teaching on the state|page=17|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1|quote=The ideas of the 1951 BRS stand in glaring opposition to Marx’s most fundamental teaching on the state, deduced from the living experience of the Paris Commune of 1871, and summed up in his work The Civil War in France, which reached the conclusion that the proletariat could not simply lay hold of the ready made apparatus of the bourgeois state and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref> as outlined in [[Library:The civil war in France|The civil war in France]]. Changes in "recruitment, staffing and management policies" show a failure to assimilate one of the main teachings of the [[Paris Commune]], ie that:<blockquote>[T]he working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.<ref>{{Citation|author=Karl Marx|year=1871|title=The civil war in France|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_civil_war_in_France|chapter=The Paris Commune|quote=the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref></blockquote>The third stage proceeds to explain that the party's Left-Wing Programme (LWP) of policies would "make inroads into the wealth and power of the monopoly capitalists," and describes methods by which opposition to the program could be overcome.

Based on this program, in 2017 the CPB threw its weight behind Jeremy Corbyn's [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], abnormally choosing to not fields candidates for the general election.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Robert Griffiths|newspaper=Young Communist League|title=Communists say: Vote Labour Everywhere for a Left-Led Government|date=2017-04-17|url=https://ycl.org.uk/2017/04/24/communists-say-vote-labour-everywhere-for-a-left-led-government/}}</ref> This is based on the BRS's call for the formation of a "left-led government"; Jeremy Corbyn was seen as a "[[Left-Right Political Spectrum|left]]-wing" leader able to bring this about. This is in spite of the fact that [[Jeremy Corbyn]] is a [[Social democracy|social democrat]].<ref>{{Citation|year=2020|title=The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2020/08/15/news/book-rise-and-fall-of-project-corbyn/|page=20-22|quote=There is nothing in Corbyn’s political and economic propositions, nothing in his foreign and internal policy stance, that could be described as truly socialistic, in the Marxist understanding of that term. Corbyn is not a Marxist.|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/ProjectCorbyn.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-01-9}}</ref>

The program, from its first edition by the CPGB up to the latest edition by the CPB, have been extensively criticised by the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]<ref name=":1" /> and the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|year=1991|title=Which Road?|title-url=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|pdf=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|publisher=November Publications|isbn=1 874123 00 4}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|newspaper=[[Weekly Worker]]|title=Our own programme|date=2022-06-16|url=https://www.weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1399/our-own-programme/}}</ref> each accusing it of revisionism – each from different perspectives.

==Electoral program==

===Councils===
The CPB recommends creating councils that own public housing and run leisure, sporting, and culture clubs and public transportation.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Britain|year=2022|title=The Communists' Manifesto|pdf=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/FOR-WEB-CPB-22-MANIFESTO.pdf|publisher=Ruskin House}}</ref>

===Education===
The CPB supports investing in community-run libraries. It advocates for schools to be secular and under control of elected local authorities.<ref name=":0" />

===Scotland and Wales===
The CPB wants [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]] to have their own parliaments instead of being controlled from [[London]].<ref name=":0" />

==References==
[[Category:Communist parties]]
<references />
[[Category:British communist parties]]

Communist Party (Britain)

2023-01-12T15:27:05Z

Brit commie: add infobox political orientation detail

<blockquote>''Not to be confused with [[Communist Party of Great Britain]], [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]], [[Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], [[Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], or [[New Communist Party of Britain]].''</blockquote>{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Britain|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain|logo=CPB logo.png|founded=1988|abbreviation=CPB|general_secretary=[[Robert Griffiths]]|newspaper=[[Morning Star]]|youth_wing=[[Young Communist League]]|international=[[IMCWP]]|website=https://www.communistparty.org.uk|twitter=https://twitter.com/cpbritain|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/CommunistParty|political_orientation=[[Marxism–Leninism]] (de jure) [[Revisionism]] [[Reformism]] (de facto)}}{{Communist parties}}The '''Communist Party of Britain''' ('''CPB''') is a [[Revisionism|revisionist]] [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of the Soviet Union the current BRS says “The collapse of the Soviet Union and Eastern European socialism was a severe setback from which Communists have had to draw many lessons. Those societies certainly had many faults – not least their restriction of democracy – which contributed to their downfall”.

While on the need for the forceful revolutionary overthrow of British imperialism it states “decisive advances towards socialism can only be achieved by mobilising the mass of the people in support of an intermediate alternative economic and political strategy which aims at securing full employment, a general improvement in living standards, a wide expansion of democracy and a genuine policy for peace” unfortunately the CPB are among those today misleading the workers by claiming that peace can be achieved without revolution, which obviously means that imperialism, according to them, does not lead to war. This is anti-Leninist rubbish which flies in the face of common sense (at least the 1951 version did not have the example of the Pinochet coup in Chile staring them in the face to show what happens to ‘Left’ governments who try to use bourgeois parliamentary methods to advance socialist orientated policies peacefully).}}</ref> It is one of the largest communist parties in Britain. It claims the legacy of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]] (CPGB), which was dissolved in 1991. The CPB believes itself to be a continuation of the CPGB and officially considers its founding year to be 1920, not 1988.

== Britain's Road to Socialism ==
The party's program is ''Britain’s Road to Socialism'' (BRS), which was first published by the CPGB in 1951. It was iteratively revised by the CPGB, then subsequently the CPB, who published its ninth and latest edition in 2020.<ref name=":2" /> The [[Young Communist League]] and the ''[[Morning Star]]'' are bound to follow the program.

Since its first edition the BRS has been a revisionist program. In the first edition it put forward the erroneous views that a non-violent parliamentary road to socialism (''not'' revolution) was the way for British workers to gain power,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of overthrowing the bourgeoisie the 1951 BRS had also lost its way claiming such things as the British people “can transform capitalist democracy into a real People’s Democracy, transforming Parliament, the product of Britain’s historic struggle for democracy, into the democratic instrument of the will of the vast majority of the people” and “The path forward for the British people will be to establish a People’s Government on the basis of a Parliament truly representative of the people” and further “A people’s Parliament and Government which draws its strength from a united movement of the people, with the working class as its core, will be able to mobilise the overwhelming majority of the people for decisive measures to break the economic and political power of the big exploiters”. After this non-violent revolution clap-trap there is, of course, no mention of the need for the dictatorship of the proletariat.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2020|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=The original sin of the BRS|page=12|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> and a erroneously regurgitated understanding of Lenin's thesis of [[imperialism]], particularly on the question of peace.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=The 1951 BRS first put forward the idea that “a third world war is neither necessary nor inevitable” claiming that the peoples united action “can be decisive for peace”. It is interesting to note that many of the revisionists, usually among the first to attack Stalin, claim, presumably to prove that neither they nor their cherished programme are revisionist, that Joseph Stalin either wrote the 1951 BRS or told a Labour Party delegation to the Soviet Union that he approved of it, we will let comrade Stalin answer that particular fiction, in one of his last works, Economic Problems Of Socialism In The USSR written around 1951-2 he, tackling exactly the above notions, says “What guarantee is there, then, that Germany and Japan will not rise to their feet again, will not attempt to break out of American bondage and live their own independent lives? I think there is no such guarantee.

“But it follows from this that the inevitability of wars between capitalist countries remains in force.

“It is said that Lenin’s thesis that imperialism inevitably generates war must now be regarded as obsolete, since powerful popular forces have come forward today in defence of peace and against another world war. That is not true.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=(Mis)understanding imperialism|chapter-url=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|page=35|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> The essence of these anti-Marxist ideas have endured into the latest version of the program.

Fundamentally, the program sets out a strategy to win socialism in three stages.

In the first stage, the CPB seeks to unite workers in a "popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance" built upon the labor movement. This would lead to the election of a "left government ... based on parliamentary majorities of [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]], socialist, communist and progressive representatives, and strengthened by the election of left majorities in Scotland and Wales." From here, the party envisages a left government which "will need to work closely with – and be held to account by – the labour movement and the ... popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance."<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=CPB Executive Committee|year=2020|title=Britain’s road to socialism|title-url=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|pdf=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|publisher=Manifesto Press Cooperative|isbn=978-1-907464-43-0}}</ref>

In the second stage, once a left government has been elected, the CPB sets forth that the state apparatus will try to continue operating in the "interests of the system for which they were designed". To overcome this, the government would have to introduce "extensive changes in recruitment, staffing and management policies within the civil and diplomatic services, the judiciary, the police, the secret services and armed forces". This will be achieved by "parliamentary means" supported by regular "democratic endorsement by the people in elections and referendums."

This is in absolute contradiction with Marx's teaching on the state,<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=Marx’s teaching on the state|page=17|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1|quote=The ideas of the 1951 BRS stand in glaring opposition to Marx’s most fundamental teaching on the state, deduced from the living experience of the Paris Commune of 1871, and summed up in his work The Civil War in France, which reached the conclusion that the proletariat could not simply lay hold of the ready made apparatus of the bourgeois state and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref> as outlined in [[Library:The civil war in France|The civil war in France]]. Changes in "recruitment, staffing and management policies" show a failure to assimilate one of the main teachings of the [[Paris Commune]], ie that:<blockquote>[T]he working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.<ref>{{Citation|author=Karl Marx|year=1871|title=The civil war in France|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_civil_war_in_France|chapter=The Paris Commune|quote=the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref></blockquote>The third stage proceeds to explain that the party's Left-Wing Programme (LWP) of policies would "make inroads into the wealth and power of the monopoly capitalists," and describes methods by which opposition to the program could be overcome.

Based on this program, in 2017 the CPB threw its weight behind Jeremy Corbyn's [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], abnormally choosing to not fields candidates for the general election.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Robert Griffiths|newspaper=Young Communist League|title=Communists say: Vote Labour Everywhere for a Left-Led Government|date=2017-04-17|url=https://ycl.org.uk/2017/04/24/communists-say-vote-labour-everywhere-for-a-left-led-government/}}</ref> This is based on the BRS's call for the formation of a "left-led government"; Jeremy Corbyn was seen as a "[[Left-Right Political Spectrum|left]]-wing" leader able to bring this about. This is in spite of the fact that [[Jeremy Corbyn]] is a [[Social democracy|social democrat]].<ref>{{Citation|year=2020|title=The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2020/08/15/news/book-rise-and-fall-of-project-corbyn/|page=20-22|quote=There is nothing in Corbyn’s political and economic propositions, nothing in his foreign and internal policy stance, that could be described as truly socialistic, in the Marxist understanding of that term. Corbyn is not a Marxist.|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/ProjectCorbyn.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-01-9}}</ref>

The program, from its first edition by the CPGB up to the latest edition by the CPB, have been extensively criticised by the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]<ref name=":1" /> and the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|year=1991|title=Which Road?|title-url=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|pdf=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|publisher=November Publications|isbn=1 874123 00 4}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|newspaper=[[Weekly Worker]]|title=Our own programme|date=2022-06-16|url=https://www.weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1399/our-own-programme/}}</ref> each accusing it of revisionism – each from different perspectives.

== Electoral program ==

=== Councils ===
The CPB recommends creating councils that own public housing and run leisure, sporting, and culture clubs and public transportation.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Britain|year=2022|title=The Communists' Manifesto|pdf=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/FOR-WEB-CPB-22-MANIFESTO.pdf|publisher=Ruskin House}}</ref>

=== Education ===
The CPB supports investing in community-run libraries. It advocates for schools to be secular and under control of elected local authorities.<ref name=":0" />

=== Scotland and Wales ===
The CPB wants [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]] to have their own parliaments instead of being controlled from [[London]].<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
[[Category:Communist parties]]

Communist Party (Britain)

2023-01-12T15:19:34Z

Brit commie: use en-dash

<blockquote>''Not to be confused with [[Communist Party of Great Britain]], [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]], [[Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], [[Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], or [[New Communist Party of Britain]].''</blockquote>{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Britain|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain|logo=CPB logo.png|founded=1988|abbreviation=CPB|general_secretary=[[Robert Griffiths]]|newspaper=[[Morning Star]]|youth_wing=[[Young Communist League]]|international=[[IMCWP]]|website=https://www.communistparty.org.uk|twitter=https://twitter.com/cpbritain|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/CommunistParty|political_orientation=[[Revisionism]]}}{{Communist parties}}The '''Communist Party of Britain''' ('''CPB''') is a [[Revisionism|revisionist]] [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of the Soviet Union the current BRS says “The collapse of the Soviet Union and Eastern European socialism was a severe setback from which Communists have had to draw many lessons. Those societies certainly had many faults – not least their restriction of democracy – which contributed to their downfall”.

While on the need for the forceful revolutionary overthrow of British imperialism it states “decisive advances towards socialism can only be achieved by mobilising the mass of the people in support of an intermediate alternative economic and political strategy which aims at securing full employment, a general improvement in living standards, a wide expansion of democracy and a genuine policy for peace” unfortunately the CPB are among those today misleading the workers by claiming that peace can be achieved without revolution, which obviously means that imperialism, according to them, does not lead to war. This is anti-Leninist rubbish which flies in the face of common sense (at least the 1951 version did not have the example of the Pinochet coup in Chile staring them in the face to show what happens to ‘Left’ governments who try to use bourgeois parliamentary methods to advance socialist orientated policies peacefully).}}</ref> It is one of the largest communist parties in Britain. It claims the legacy of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]] (CPGB), which was dissolved in 1991. The CPB believes itself to be a continuation of the CPGB and officially considers its founding year to be 1920, not 1988.

== Britain's Road to Socialism ==
The party's program is ''Britain’s Road to Socialism'' (BRS), which was first published by the CPGB in 1951. It was iteratively revised by the CPGB, then subsequently the CPB, who published its ninth and latest edition in 2020.<ref name=":2" /> The [[Young Communist League]] and the ''[[Morning Star]]'' are bound to follow the program.

Since its first edition the BRS has been a revisionist program. In the first edition it put forward the erroneous views that a non-violent parliamentary road to socialism (''not'' revolution) was the way for British workers to gain power,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of overthrowing the bourgeoisie the 1951 BRS had also lost its way claiming such things as the British people “can transform capitalist democracy into a real People’s Democracy, transforming Parliament, the product of Britain’s historic struggle for democracy, into the democratic instrument of the will of the vast majority of the people” and “The path forward for the British people will be to establish a People’s Government on the basis of a Parliament truly representative of the people” and further “A people’s Parliament and Government which draws its strength from a united movement of the people, with the working class as its core, will be able to mobilise the overwhelming majority of the people for decisive measures to break the economic and political power of the big exploiters”. After this non-violent revolution clap-trap there is, of course, no mention of the need for the dictatorship of the proletariat.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2020|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=The original sin of the BRS|page=12|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> and a erroneously regurgitated understanding of Lenin's thesis of [[imperialism]], particularly on the question of peace.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=The 1951 BRS first put forward the idea that “a third world war is neither necessary nor inevitable” claiming that the peoples united action “can be decisive for peace”. It is interesting to note that many of the revisionists, usually among the first to attack Stalin, claim, presumably to prove that neither they nor their cherished programme are revisionist, that Joseph Stalin either wrote the 1951 BRS or told a Labour Party delegation to the Soviet Union that he approved of it, we will let comrade Stalin answer that particular fiction, in one of his last works, Economic Problems Of Socialism In The USSR written around 1951-2 he, tackling exactly the above notions, says “What guarantee is there, then, that Germany and Japan will not rise to their feet again, will not attempt to break out of American bondage and live their own independent lives? I think there is no such guarantee.

“But it follows from this that the inevitability of wars between capitalist countries remains in force.

“It is said that Lenin’s thesis that imperialism inevitably generates war must now be regarded as obsolete, since powerful popular forces have come forward today in defence of peace and against another world war. That is not true.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=(Mis)understanding imperialism|chapter-url=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|page=35|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> The essence of these anti-Marxist ideas have endured into the latest version of the program.

Fundamentally, the program sets out a strategy to win socialism in three stages.

In the first stage, the CPB seeks to unite workers in a "popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance" built upon the labor movement. This would lead to the election of a "left government ... based on parliamentary majorities of [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]], socialist, communist and progressive representatives, and strengthened by the election of left majorities in Scotland and Wales." From here, the party envisages a left government which "will need to work closely with – and be held to account by – the labour movement and the ... popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance."<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=CPB Executive Committee|year=2020|title=Britain’s road to socialism|title-url=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|pdf=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|publisher=Manifesto Press Cooperative|isbn=978-1-907464-43-0}}</ref>

In the second stage, once a left government has been elected, the CPB sets forth that the state apparatus will try to continue operating in the "interests of the system for which they were designed". To overcome this, the government would have to introduce "extensive changes in recruitment, staffing and management policies within the civil and diplomatic services, the judiciary, the police, the secret services and armed forces". This will be achieved by "parliamentary means" supported by regular "democratic endorsement by the people in elections and referendums."

This is in absolute contradiction with Marx's teaching on the state,<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=Marx’s teaching on the state|page=17|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1|quote=The ideas of the 1951 BRS stand in glaring opposition to Marx’s most fundamental teaching on the state, deduced from the living experience of the Paris Commune of 1871, and summed up in his work The Civil War in France, which reached the conclusion that the proletariat could not simply lay hold of the ready made apparatus of the bourgeois state and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref> as outlined in [[Library:The civil war in France|The civil war in France]]. Changes in "recruitment, staffing and management policies" show a failure to assimilate one of the main teachings of the [[Paris Commune]], ie that:<blockquote>[T]he working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.<ref>{{Citation|author=Karl Marx|year=1871|title=The civil war in France|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_civil_war_in_France|chapter=The Paris Commune|quote=the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref></blockquote>The third stage proceeds to explain that the party's Left-Wing Programme (LWP) of policies would "make inroads into the wealth and power of the monopoly capitalists," and describes methods by which opposition to the program could be overcome.

Based on this program, in 2017 the CPB threw its weight behind Jeremy Corbyn's [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], abnormally choosing to not fields candidates for the general election.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Robert Griffiths|newspaper=Young Communist League|title=Communists say: Vote Labour Everywhere for a Left-Led Government|date=2017-04-17|url=https://ycl.org.uk/2017/04/24/communists-say-vote-labour-everywhere-for-a-left-led-government/}}</ref> This is based on the BRS's call for the formation of a "left-led government"; Jeremy Corbyn was seen as a "[[Left-Right Political Spectrum|left]]-wing" leader able to bring this about. This is in spite of the fact that [[Jeremy Corbyn]] is a [[Social democracy|social democrat]].<ref>{{Citation|year=2020|title=The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2020/08/15/news/book-rise-and-fall-of-project-corbyn/|page=20-22|quote=There is nothing in Corbyn’s political and economic propositions, nothing in his foreign and internal policy stance, that could be described as truly socialistic, in the Marxist understanding of that term. Corbyn is not a Marxist.|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/ProjectCorbyn.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-01-9}}</ref>

The program, from its first edition by the CPGB up to the latest edition by the CPB, have been extensively criticised by the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]<ref name=":1" /> and the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|year=1991|title=Which Road?|title-url=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|pdf=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|publisher=November Publications|isbn=1 874123 00 4}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|newspaper=[[Weekly Worker]]|title=Our own programme|date=2022-06-16|url=https://www.weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1399/our-own-programme/}}</ref> each accusing it of revisionism – each from different perspectives.

== Electoral program ==

=== Councils ===
The CPB recommends creating councils that own public housing and run leisure, sporting, and culture clubs and public transportation.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Britain|year=2022|title=The Communists' Manifesto|pdf=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/FOR-WEB-CPB-22-MANIFESTO.pdf|publisher=Ruskin House}}</ref>

=== Education ===
The CPB supports investing in community-run libraries. It advocates for schools to be secular and under control of elected local authorities.<ref name=":0" />

=== Scotland and Wales ===
The CPB wants [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]] to have their own parliaments instead of being controlled from [[London]].<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
[[Category:Communist parties]]

Communist Party (Britain)

2023-01-12T15:17:49Z

Brit commie: change political orientation to revisionist, based on the programme the party has had since its inception: the BRS

<blockquote>''Not to be confused with [[Communist Party of Great Britain]], [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]], [[Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], [[Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]], or [[New Communist Party of Britain]].''</blockquote>{{Infobox political party|name=Communist Party of Britain|native_name=Plaid Gomiwnyddol Prydain|logo=CPB logo.png|founded=1988|abbreviation=CPB|general_secretary=[[Robert Griffiths]]|newspaper=[[Morning Star]]|youth_wing=[[Young Communist League]]|international=[[IMCWP]]|website=https://www.communistparty.org.uk|twitter=https://twitter.com/cpbritain|youtube=https://www.youtube.com/c/CommunistParty|political_orientation=[[Revisionism]]}}{{Communist parties}}The '''Communist Party of Britain''' ('''CPB''') is a [[Revisionism|revisionist]] [[communist party]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland|United Kingdom]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of the Soviet Union the current BRS says “The collapse of the Soviet Union and Eastern European socialism was a severe setback from which Communists have had to draw many lessons. Those societies certainly had many faults – not least their restriction of democracy – which contributed to their downfall”.

While on the need for the forceful revolutionary overthrow of British imperialism it states “decisive advances towards socialism can only be achieved by mobilising the mass of the people in support of an intermediate alternative economic and political strategy which aims at securing full employment, a general improvement in living standards, a wide expansion of democracy and a genuine policy for peace” unfortunately the CPB are among those today misleading the workers by claiming that peace can be achieved without revolution, which obviously means that imperialism, according to them, does not lead to war. This is anti-Leninist rubbish which flies in the face of common sense (at least the 1951 version did not have the example of the Pinochet coup in Chile staring them in the face to show what happens to ‘Left’ governments who try to use bourgeois parliamentary methods to advance socialist orientated policies peacefully).}}</ref> It is one of the largest communist parties in Britain. It claims the legacy of the original [[Communist Party of Great Britain]] (CPGB), which was dissolved in 1991. The CPB believes itself to be a continuation of the CPGB and officially considers its founding year to be 1920, not 1988.

== Britain's Road to Socialism ==
The party's program is ''Britain’s Road to Socialism'' (BRS), which was first published by the CPGB in 1951. It was iteratively revised by the CPGB, then subsequently the CPB, who published its ninth and latest edition in 2020.<ref name=":2" /> The [[Young Communist League]] and the ''[[Morning Star]]'' are bound to follow the program.

Since its first edition the BRS has been a revisionist program. In the first edition it put forward the erroneous views that a non-violent parliamentary road to socialism (''not'' revolution) was the way for British workers to gain power,<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=On the question of overthrowing the bourgeoisie the 1951 BRS had also lost its way claiming such things as the British people “can transform capitalist democracy into a real People’s Democracy, transforming Parliament, the product of Britain’s historic struggle for democracy, into the democratic instrument of the will of the vast majority of the people” and “The path forward for the British people will be to establish a People’s Government on the basis of a Parliament truly representative of the people” and further “A people’s Parliament and Government which draws its strength from a united movement of the people, with the working class as its core, will be able to mobilise the overwhelming majority of the people for decisive measures to break the economic and political power of the big exploiters”. After this non-violent revolution clap-trap there is, of course, no mention of the need for the dictatorship of the proletariat.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2020|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=The original sin of the BRS|page=12|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> and a erroneously regurgitated understanding of Lenin's thesis of [[imperialism]], particularly on the question of peace.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=[[Lalkar]]|title=The revolutionary programmes of British Communism|date=2008-01|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/853/the-revolutionary-programmesof-british-communism|quote=The 1951 BRS first put forward the idea that “a third world war is neither necessary nor inevitable” claiming that the peoples united action “can be decisive for peace”. It is interesting to note that many of the revisionists, usually among the first to attack Stalin, claim, presumably to prove that neither they nor their cherished programme are revisionist, that Joseph Stalin either wrote the 1951 BRS or told a Labour Party delegation to the Soviet Union that he approved of it, we will let comrade Stalin answer that particular fiction, in one of his last works, Economic Problems Of Socialism In The USSR written around 1951-2 he, tackling exactly the above notions, says “What guarantee is there, then, that Germany and Japan will not rise to their feet again, will not attempt to break out of American bondage and live their own independent lives? I think there is no such guarantee.

“But it follows from this that the inevitability of wars between capitalist countries remains in force.

“It is said that Lenin’s thesis that imperialism inevitably generates war must now be regarded as obsolete, since powerful popular forces have come forward today in defence of peace and against another world war. That is not true.}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=(Mis)understanding imperialism|chapter-url=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|page=35|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1}}</ref> The essence of these anti-Marxist ideas have endured into the latest version of the program.

Fundamentally, the program sets out a strategy to win socialism in three stages.

In the first stage, the CPB seeks to unite workers in a "popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance" built upon the labor movement. This would lead to the election of a "left government ... based on parliamentary majorities of [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]], socialist, communist and progressive representatives, and strengthened by the election of left majorities in Scotland and Wales." From here, the party envisages a left government which "will need to work closely with – and be held to account by – the labour movement and the ... popular democratic anti-monopoly alliance."<ref name=":2">{{Citation|author=CPB Executive Committee|year=2020|title=Britain’s road to socialism|title-url=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|pdf=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|publisher=Manifesto Press Cooperative|isbn=978-1-907464-43-0}}</ref>

In the second stage, once a left government has been elected, the CPB sets forth that the state apparatus will try to continue operating in the "interests of the system for which they were designed". To overcome this, the government would have to introduce "extensive changes in recruitment, staffing and management policies within the civil and diplomatic services, the judiciary, the police, the secret services and armed forces". This will be achieved by "parliamentary means" supported by regular "democratic endorsement by the people in elections and referendums."

This is in absolute contradiction with Marx's teaching on the state,<ref name=":1">{{Citation|author=[[Ranjeet Brar]]|year=2022|title=Britain’s Road to Socialism?|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2022/09/27/news/theory/book-britains-road-to-socialism/|chapter=Marx’s teaching on the state|page=17|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/BritainsRoadtoSocialism_read.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-07-1|quote=The ideas of the 1951 BRS stand in glaring opposition to Marx’s most fundamental teaching on the state, deduced from the living experience of the Paris Commune of 1871, and summed up in his work The Civil War in France, which reached the conclusion that the proletariat could not simply lay hold of the ready made apparatus of the bourgeois state and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref> as outlined in [[Library:The civil war in France|The civil war in France]]. Changes in "recruitment, staffing and management policies" show a failure to assimilate one of the main teachings of the [[Paris Commune]], ie that:<blockquote>[T]he working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.<ref>{{Citation|author=Karl Marx|year=1871|title=The civil war in France|title-url=https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Library:The_civil_war_in_France|chapter=The Paris Commune|quote=the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery, and wield it for its own purposes.}}</ref></blockquote>The third stage proceeds to explain that the party's Left-Wing Programme (LWP) of policies would "make inroads into the wealth and power of the monopoly capitalists," and describes methods by which opposition to the program could be overcome.

Based on this program, in 2017 the CPB threw its weight behind Jeremy Corbyn's [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], abnormally choosing to not fields candidates for the general election.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Robert Griffiths|newspaper=Young Communist League|title=Communists say: Vote Labour Everywhere for a Left-Led Government|date=2017-04-17|url=https://ycl.org.uk/2017/04/24/communists-say-vote-labour-everywhere-for-a-left-led-government/}}</ref> This is based on the BRS's call for the formation of a "left-led government"; Jeremy Corbyn was seen as a "[[Left-Right Political Spectrum|left]]-wing" leader able to bring this about. This is in spite of the fact that [[Jeremy Corbyn]] is a [[Social democracy|social democrat]].<ref>{{Citation|year=2020|title=The Rise and Fall of Project Corbyn|title-url=https://thecommunists.org/2020/08/15/news/book-rise-and-fall-of-project-corbyn/|page=20-22|quote=There is nothing in Corbyn’s political and economic propositions, nothing in his foreign and internal policy stance, that could be described as truly socialistic, in the Marxist understanding of that term. Corbyn is not a Marxist.|pdf=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/ProjectCorbyn.pdf|publisher=[[CPGB-ML]]|isbn=978-1-913286-01-9}}</ref>

The program, from its first edition by the CPGB up to the latest edition by the CPB, have been extensively criticised by the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]]<ref name=":1" /> and the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)]],<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|year=1991|title=Which Road?|title-url=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|pdf=https://archive.cpgb.org.uk/assets/files/resources/Which%20Road.pdf|publisher=November Publications|isbn=1 874123 00 4}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Jack Conrad]]|newspaper=[[Weekly Worker]]|title=Our own programme|date=2022-06-16|url=https://www.weeklyworker.co.uk/worker/1399/our-own-programme/}}</ref> each accusing it of revisionism - each from different perspectives.

== Electoral program ==

=== Councils ===
The CPB recommends creating councils that own public housing and run leisure, sporting, and culture clubs and public transportation.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Communist Party of Britain|year=2022|title=The Communists' Manifesto|pdf=https://www.communistparty.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/FOR-WEB-CPB-22-MANIFESTO.pdf|publisher=Ruskin House}}</ref>

=== Education ===
The CPB supports investing in community-run libraries. It advocates for schools to be secular and under control of elected local authorities.<ref name=":0" />

=== Scotland and Wales ===
The CPB wants [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]] to have their own parliaments instead of being controlled from [[London]].<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
[[Category:Communist parties]]

Revolutionary Democracy

2023-01-12T13:36:58Z

Brit commie: create page

{{Stub}}
[[File:Revolutionary democracy cover vol. xiv no. 1.jpg|thumb|314x314px|Revolutionary Democracy's volume XIV, number 1.]]
'''Revolutionary Democracy''' is a half-yearly theoretical and political journal published in April and September from [[Republic of India|India]]. It contains materials on the problems facing the [[Communism|communist]] movement, particularly relating to [[Russian Federation|Russia]], [[People's Republic of China|China]] and India, the origins of modern [[revisionism]], the restoration of capitalism in the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|USSR]] and developments in the international communist movement. It published its first issue in April 1995 and has over 50 issues.<ref>https://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/</ref>

==References==
<references />

File:Revolutionary democracy cover vol. xiv no. 1.jpg

2023-01-12T13:33:40Z

Brit commie:

Photo of the cover of an issue of the Revolutionary Democracy journal, found online at https://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/

Republic of Korea

2023-01-12T12:34:44Z

Brit commie:

{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Korea|population_estimate_year=2019|population_estimate=51,709,098|area_km2=100,363|established_date1=1948 August 15th|established_event1=First Republic|image_map=South Korea map 2.svg|map_width=260|official_languages=Korean|leader_name3=Kim Jin-pyo|native_name=대한민국|image_flag=South Korea flag.png|leader_title3=Speaker of the National Assembly|leader_name2=Han Duck-soo|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name1=Yoon Suk-yeol|leader_title1=President|image_coat=ROK emblem.svg|capital=Seoul|government_type=Unitary corporatocratic Republic|currency=Korean Republic won (₩) (KRW)|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]]}}
The '''Republic of Korea''' ('''ROK'''), also known as '''south Korea''', is a [[Bourgeois state|bourgeois liberal republic]] that serves as a [[United States of America|U.S.]] puppet state<ref>{{Citation|author=Stephen Gowans|year=2018|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom|chapter=The Empire of Japan|page=45|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=Montreal|publisher=Baraka Books|isbn=9781771861427|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref> and [[Neocolonialism|colony]]<ref name=":23" /> located on the southern portion of the [[Korea|Korean Peninsula]]. The northern part of the peninsula is governed by the [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea|Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK)]], commonly called north Korea.

According to the south Korean [[People's Democracy Party]] (민중민주당), writing in a 2020 [[Liberation School]] article, "south Korea is a complete colony occupied by the U.S. military, is politically oppressed by the U.S., and is economically subordinate to [[Imperialism|imperialist]] countries, including the U.S. After the military coup of 1961, the rule of fascist military dictatorships continued for 30 years, and since then a pro-US [[Neoliberalism|neo-liberal]] regime has operated in the country. It is severely exploiting the [[Proletariat|workers]], [[Peasantry|farmers]], and all the people."<ref name=":23">People's Democracy Party and Liberation School. [https://www.liberationschool.org/korean-war-70-years/ “70 Years Too Long: The Struggle to End the Korean War – Liberation School.”] ''Liberation School – Revolutionary Marxism for a New Generation of Fighters'', 25 June 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/2/https://www.liberationschool.org/korean-war-70-years/ Archived].

‌</ref>

Since the war in the 1950s, the US has maintained control over the south Korean military.<ref>Swanström, N. (2021, April 27). ''Not a Sovereignty Issue: Understanding the Transition of Military Operational Control between the United States and South Korea''. Institute for Security and Development Policy. https://isdp.eu/publication/not-a-sovereignty-issue-understanding-the-transition-of-military-operational-control-between-the-united-states-and-south-korea/</ref><ref name=":16">{{News citation|author=Kathryn Botto|newspaper=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|title=Why Doesn’t South Korea Have Full Control Over Its Military?|date=2019-08-21|url=https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/08/21/why-doesn-t-south-korea-have-full-control-over-its-military-pub-79702}}</ref><ref name=":17">Kelly, R. E. (2017, February 27). ''Why US control of the South Korean military is here to stay''. The Interpreter. <nowiki>https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/why-us-control-south-korean-military-here-stay</nowiki></ref><ref name=":18">{{News citation|author=Clint Work|newspaper=Stimson|title=No More Delays: Why It’s Time to Move Forward With Wartime OPCON Transition|date=June 21, 2022|url=https://www.stimson.org/2022/no-more-delays-why-its-time-to-move-forward-with-wartime-opcon-transition/|quote=The history and evolution of the US-ROK military command architecture reveal the inherent push and pull at the heart of the US-ROK alliance. Over time, the U.S. has encouraged the ROK to take on a more robust role in its own defense and within the alliance’s command architecture. However, U.S. officials have also been equally hesitant to relinquish too much control too quickly. Simply put, Washington has had trouble navigating the outer edges of its own authority within the alliance command structure as it simultaneously and discordantly pushes and pulls back Seoul in the process.}}</ref><ref name=":19" /> US Forces Korea were integrated with ROK forces into a Combined Forces Command, which was in turn integrated into the [[United Nations]] Command. All three commands are headed by the same person, a four-star US general.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":19">{{News citation|newspaper=United States Forces Korea|title=Combined Forces Command|url=https://www.usfk.mil/About/CFC/#Commanders|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728035053/https://www.usfk.mil/About/CFC/|archive-date=2022-07-28|quote=The CFC is commanded by a four-star U.S. general, with a four-star ROK Army general as deputy commander. Throughout the command structure, binational manning is readily apparent: if the chief of a staff section is Korean, the deputy is American and vice versa. This integrated structure exists within the component commands as well as the headquarters. All CFC components are tactically integrated through continuous combined and joint planning, training and exercises.}}</ref>

South Korea has operational control (referred to as OPCON) of its military under armistice conditions, but the United States would take over in wartime, and the U.S. combatant commander would be able to direct, organize, employ, assign command functions to, or suspend the duty of subordinate south Korean commanders and forces. In essence, if war breaks out on the Korean Peninsula, south Korea would supply the overwhelming majority of the fighting force, which would then be placed under U.S. operational control.<ref name=":16" />

Throughout the history of the US-ROK arrangement, the U.S. and ROK have engaged in a back-and-forth trying to determine what degree of control each party should have under this relationship, with the U.S. often showing a reluctance to relinquish control over the ROK's military, and ROK leaders at times expressing a wish to have more control over their own military, and at other times expressing acceptance of the U.S.'s authority over the ROK military in wartime.<ref name=":18" />

Since the ROK is a bourgeois republic, it is riddled with corruption and political scandals. All four living former south Korean presidents have been sentenced to prison for various crimes ranging from abuse of authority to bribery and embezzlement.<ref name="aei">{{Web citation|date=2018-10-09|title=South Korea's troubling history of jailing ex-presidents|url=https://www.aei.org/foreign-and-defense-policy/asia/south-koreas-troubling-history-of-jailing-ex-presidents/|newspaper=American Enterprise Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2021-02-10|title=Former South Korean president sentenced to prison|url=https://www.dw.com/en/former-south-korean-president-sentenced-to-prison/a-55779280|newspaper=Deutsche Welle}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2013-08-22|title=Ex-president Roh Tae-woo to pay remainder of massive fine|newspaper=The Chosunilbo}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|date=2017-02-07|title=South Korea: President's impeachment on a background of political scandal|url=http://perspective.usherbrooke.ca/bilan/servlet/BMAnalyse?codeAnalyse=2320|newspaper=Perspective Monde}}</ref><ref name="bbcsource">{{Web citation|date=2018-10-05|title=South Korea ex-leader jailed for 15 years|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-45756561|newspaper=[[BBC|BBC News]]}}</ref>

According to the People's Democracy Party of south Korea, the Korean reunification and peace struggle is contingent on the withdrawal of U.S. troops, and therefore U.S. military withdrawal from south Korea is "the most desperate and preferred struggle task for the whole Korean nation to solve.<ref name=":23" />

==History==

=== Early history and Japanese occupation ===
{{Main article|Korea}}
Korea "had been a single nation for at least 1,000 years with a continuous society, language and political system" and "remained independent despite 500 years of efforts of bigger powers to dominate it" until the [[Japanese Empire|Japanese]] annexation in 1910, and later the post-[[Second World War|World War II]] division of Korea into North and South.<ref name=":14" />

During Japanese occupation era, economic depression merged with anti-colonial demands, and communists and anarchists began meeting in the borderlands of Russia, China, and Korea. On March 1, 1919 a massive Korean independence protest movement was launched. Since 1931, nationalist and communist guerrillas struggled in the mountains of Manchuria against the Japanese, and [[Kim Il-sung|Kim Il-Sung]] emerged as a particularly effective leader during this period.<ref>Ford, Derek. [https://www.liberationschool.org/the-chongryon-movement-the-struggle-of-koreans-in-japan/ “Chongryon: The Struggle of Koreans in Japan – Liberation School.”] ''Liberation School – Revolutionary Marxism for a New Generation of Fighters'', 30 Jan. 2019.</ref>

Before Japan’s defeat in the Pacific War in August 1945, Korea had a rice-based colonial economy that had been tightly controlled in the interest of creating a rice surplus to feed Japan. In particular, the southern part of the peninsula was predominantly agricultural and supplied a greater portion of the food for all of Korea. It was considered the “rice bowl” of the country. Since rice came mainly from south Korea, the southern part of the Korean peninsula maintained a much higher population density.<ref name=":15">Kim Jinwung. A ''Policy of Amateurism: The Rice Policy of the U.S. Army Military''. Government in Korea, 1945-1948. Korea Journal, Summer 2007.https://kj.accesson.kr/assets/pdf/8153/journal-47-2-208.pdf</ref>

===US occupation===
[[File:The Japanese flag in front of the Japanese Government-General of Korea building in Seoul is replaced with the U.S. flag..png|thumb|314x314px|U.S. forces lower the Japanese flag in Seoul and replace it with the U.S. flag.]]
After [[Kim Il-sung]] liberated Korea from the Japanese Empire, in an "outburst of meetings and organizing" that "came out into the open all over Korea" after Japanese surrender, activists throughout the Korean peninsula began to plan and organize to replace Japanese rule and dominance. Groups of local people gathered in most villages and cities and sought ways to replace the police and pro-Japanese administrators with people who had resisted Japanese rule.<ref name=":14" /> A left-leaning nationwide organization established by Koreans known as the Alliance for National government as well as many local People's Committees enjoyed widespread popular support throughout the country. However, the U.S. Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) did not recognize the new state declared by the People’s Committees, and Korea was divided across the 38th parallel by two American officers who had never been to Korea.<ref>{{Citation|author=Don Oberdorfer, Robert Carlin|year=2014|title=The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History|chapter=|section=|page=5|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=9780465031238|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> The U.S. occupation of the southern half of Korea was announced in Proclamation No. 1 by General of the Army Douglas MacArthur on Sept. 7, 1945, with the statement that “All powers of Government over the territory of Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude and the people thereof will be for the present exercised under my authority.”<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation|title=Liberation from Japan in 1945|date=2018|url=http://jeju43peace.org/historytruth/fact-truth/factstruth_article2/}}</ref>

In "A Policy of Amateurism: The Rice Policy of the U.S. Army Military''"'', Kim Jinwung writes:<blockquote>When news arrived that the United States was planning to occupy southern Korea, [Yeo Un-hyeong's Committee for the Preparation of Korean Independence] called a national convention in Seoul on September 6 to give his regime the stamp of legitimacy. Yeo and his followers wanted to quicken the process of establishing a new government before the Americans arrived. Yeo proclaimed the establishment of the Korean People’s Republic, with a cabinet that included distinguished nationalists of all political persuasions, right and left. But the body was clearly influenced by the left, with Communists playing key roles.<ref name=":15" /></blockquote>However, the U.S. refused to recognize this organization, and General John R. Hodge, the Commanding General of U.S. Army Forces in Korea, outlawed the people’s committees and created new local councils under conservative control.<ref name=":15" /> In an article titled "People's Republic of Korea: Jeju, 1945-1946", Jay Hauben describes the situation:<blockquote>On Sept. 8, 21 US warships arrived in Incheon to supervise in the name of the Allies the surrender of the Japanese Governor-General of Korea and the 200,000 Japanese military personnel and their equipment and property south of the 38th parallel. US General John Hodge commanded the US landing. The US party was met by an English speaking committee of the PRK [People's Republic of Korea] to welcome it to Korea in the name of the people and newly emerging government of Korea. General Hodge refused to meet with them. His mission was to head the United States Military Government In Korea (USAMGIK) and he would not accept that there was already a newly forming government of Korea.<ref name=":14" /></blockquote>Due to the People’s Committees enjoying such widespread popular support, the USAMGIK resorted to dissolving the committees by force so that the U.S. could effectively rule the country.<ref name=":0">{{News citation|newspaper=Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation|title=Who ruled over the Korean Peninsula?|date=2018|url=http://jeju43peace.org/historytruth/fact-truth/factstruth_article3/|retrieved=2022-07-23}}</ref> As noted by Hauben, "The USAMGIK had as its mission to prevent a Korean government friendly to socialism or communism or leftism in general. That mission required that the left leaning majority of the Korean people had to be diverted."<ref name=":14" />
[[File:1946 South Korean opinion poll about socialism, communism, and capitalism.png|thumb|An opinion poll appearing in the Dong-A Ilbo newspaper on August 13, 1946 showed a majority of respondents favoring socialism and less than 15% supporting capitalism.|341x341px]]
In August 1946, the newspaper Dong-A Ilbo published the results of various opinion polls seeking information about the kind of government the people of Korea wanted. Of those surveyed, when asked about which system they agreed with, 14% of respondents answered "capitalism" (1,189 people), 70% answered "socialism" (6,037 people), 7% answered "communism" (574 people), and 8% responded "do not know" (653 people).<ref>[https://db.history.go.kr/id/dh_003_1946_08_13_0070 "1946년 8월 13일 軍政廳輿論局, 朝鮮國民이 어떠한 종류의 政府를 요망하는지 여론을 조사" ("August 13, 1946. Surveys the public opinion on what kind of military service the people of the military and government demand.")] 동아일보 1946년 08월 13일. (Dong-A Ilbo, August 13, 1946). 자료대한민국사 제3권. (Source Korea History Vol. 3). Korean History Database. 국사편찬위원회. (National Institute of Korean History). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220825114505/https://db.history.go.kr/id/dh_003_1946_08_13_0070 Archived] 2022-08-25.</ref><ref>[https://newslibrary.naver.com/viewer/index.naver?articleId=1946081300209203003&editNo=1&printCount=1&publishDate=1946-08-13&officeId=00020&pageNo=3&printNo=7053&publishType=00020 "軍政廳輿論局調査(군정청여론국조사)."] Dong-A Ilbo August 13, 1946. Page 3. Naver 뉴스 라이브러리 (Naver News Library).</ref>

Following General MacArthur's Proclamation No. 1, the USAMGIK became the official ruling body of south Korea (in the eyes of the U.S.), from 1945 to 1948, until the establishment of the Republic of Korea on Aug. 15, 1948. Through this series of events, the Korean Peninsula was divided along the 38th parallel, the South was occupied by the United States, the People's Committees were suppressed, many Japanese colonial era collaborator police and officials were placed back into positions of power, and a [[Fascism|fascist]] dictatorship led by Harvard graduate [[Syngman Rhee]] was installed.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=|title=Syngman Rhee|url=https://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000746262|newspaper=Doopedia|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref>

==== Suppressed criticism in official U.S. military history of Korean War and U.S. occupation of Korea ====
In the work ''From Occupation to War: Cold War Legacies of US: Army Historical Studies of the Occupation and Korean War'', Seoul National University professor Chung Yong Wook writes that "a divergent understanding" of this era "was repressed or rooted out by force in the US and around the ‘free world'" due to the official U.S. history of the war being written in the context of the emerging Cold War. Military historian Richard Robinson, who wrote a work critical of the U.S. role in Korea, ''Betrayal of a Nation'', was unable to find a publisher for his work and it remained in manuscript form. I.F. Stone's work ''The Hidden History of the Korean War'' (1952) which was also critical of U.S. conduct in Korea was removed from many libraries. Professor Chung notes that "military historians were not, in essence, allowed to criticize information given to them, nor did they have leeway in interpreting and critiquing facts, they were left only to describe ''sanitized'' history" at all stages of the information-gathering and history-writing process.<ref>Chung, Yong Wook. From Occupation to War; Cold War Legacies of US Army Historical Studies of the Occupation and Korean War. Korea Journal, vol. 60, no. 2 (summer 2020): 14–54. doi: 10.25024/kj.2020.60.2.14 © The Academy of Korean Studies, 2020. URL: https://kj.accesson.kr/assets/pdf/8518/journal-60-2-14.pdf [https://web.archive.org/web/20220725044626/https://kj.accesson.kr/assets/pdf/8518/journal-60-2-14.pdf Archive URL]. Suppression of counter-narratives ("Abstract" p. 15, PDF p.1); "sanitized history" (p. 20, PDF p. 7)</ref>

According to Richard Robinson, who had been working as a historian for the military during the occupation, the official American military history of the occupation is "highly prejudiced and inaccurate" adding that the official U.S. histories were "written upon explicit orders not even to imply criticism of anything American" and says that "if the truth were known, the American occupation of south Korea was incredibly bungled by an incompetent and corrupt administration—all in the name of American democracy."<ref name=":5">Robinson, Richard. Cited in Chung, Yong Wook. ''From Occupation to War; Cold War Legacies of US Army Historical Studies of the Occupation and Korean War''. Korea Journal, vol. 60, no. 2 (summer 2020): 14–54. doi: 10.25024/kj.2020.60.2.14 © The Academy of Korean Studies, 2020 URL: https://kj.accesson.kr/assets/pdf/8518/journal-60-2-14.pdf</ref> Robinson had his work suppressed as he expressed criticism of the U.S. military government's failures in Korea and eventually was compelled to leave the country.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{News citation|author=김환균|newspaper=미디어오늘 (Media Today)|title='미국의 배반'이 미국에서 금서가 된 이유. (Why "American Betrayal" is Banned Reading in the U.S.)|date=2004-08-09|url=http://www.mediatoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=25874|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724050252/http://www.mediatoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=25874|archive-date=2022-07-24|retrieved=2022-07-24}}</ref>

==== USAMGIK disregards People's Committee's rice management, establishes rice "free market" ====
During Japanese colonial rule, the Japanese placed rigid controls on the people of Korea to build up a food surplus. When the U.S. forces arrived in south Korea, they found that "Japanese control over rice had been loosened or altogether abolished" and that instead, "the [[People's Republic of Korea (1945–1946)|Korean People’s Republic]] (KPR) and people’s committees managed food stocks, and according to American accounts, 'after the Koreans drove the Japanese police out, [the leaders of the KPR and people’s committees] took over the rice collection machinery and were operating it successfully when the Americans arrived.'"<ref name=":15" /> As the Americans largely did not acknowledge the authority of the People's Committees and were trying to establish an [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]] government in south Korea, they struck down the management system that had been operating under the People's Committees and replaced it with a "free market" in rice. In Ordinance 19, USAMGIK describes this as "giving to every man, woman and child within the country equal opportunity to enjoy his just and fair share of great wealth which this beautiful nation has been endowed".<ref>Office of the Military Governor, United States Army Forces in Korea. [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/USAMGIK_Ordinance_19 Ordinance Number 19]. 1945-10-30. </ref><ref name=":15" />

In "A Policy of Amateurism: The Rice Policy of the U.S. Army Military''"'', Kim Jinwung describes the results of the free market policy of the USAMGIK:<blockquote>The immediate effect of the free market policy was a steep rise in the price of rice and resultant hoarding and speculation. Poor distribution of food led to food shortages and hunger in cities, despite a bumper harvest in 1945. Additionally, the rice-based south Korean economy inevitably began to suffer from massive inflation. It was quite natural then that the black-market should grow and prosper; it was expected that the lure of black market prices would stimulate the flow of rice into the black market. The result was that “rice disappeared almost entirely from the market.” Through its free market policy, the U.S. military government lost the main strength of the south Korean economy—its ability to extract large surpluses of grain—and caused in its stead spiraling inflation, near starvation in early 1946, and a general economic breakdown. The price of a bushel of rice increased from 9.4 yen in September 1945 to 2,800 yen in September 1946. Landlords, police and other government officials, and wealthy individuals engaged in speculation on a wholesale basis.<ref name=":15" /></blockquote>In the wake of this policy, USAMGIK was "flooded with complaints and petitions from Koreans demanding that price control and rationing be resumed and that the American military government take drastic action to stop rice hoarding."<ref name=":15" /> However, it seemed to many that USAMGIK was "reluctant to move against the principal hoarders" due to them being Korean businessmen who the government who had been relying on for advice.<ref name=":15" /> By 1946, the U.S. rescinded the free market and implemented rice rationing. A U.S. summation of the U.S. army military government activities in Korea stated that public attention was "focused on the threat of hunger" at this time.<ref>Commander-in-Chief, United States Army Forces, Pacific. ''[https://www8.cao.go.jp/okinawa/okinawasen/pdf/b0604002_09/b0604002_09.pdf Summation of United States Military Government Activities in Korea, No. 6].'' March 1946. </ref> As the situation continued, U.S. rice rations eventually fell to half of the ration size that had been received under the Japanese colonial administration during World War II, and newspapers published accounts of famine and starvation, further disaster only being averted by eventual shipments of U.S. grains as emergency relief. In addition, "the deteriorating food situation forced the Americans to revive the old Japanese rice collection system" which was unpopular with farmers.<ref name=":15" /> The USAMGIK eventually formed local boards composed of local police officials, elders, businessmen, and landlords approved by the USAMGIK to manage the collection of rice quotas, but created no system for appeal to adjust the quotas. Under this program, many farmers were arrested or faced violence for not meeting their quotas.<ref name=":15" />

==== Re-appointment of Japanese colonial officials under U.S. occupation ====
The USAMGIK had a policy of rehiring officers from the Japanese colonial era, which it tried to justify by the need to implement effective governance. This failure to prosecute officers who had collaborated with the Japanese and re-instatement of their power increased public resentment against the U.S. regime.<ref name=":0" /> Instead of fully enjoying their independence, people were being victimized by the same oppressive police officers and corrupt public officials as under Japanese colonial authority.<ref name=":1">{{News citation|newspaper=Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation|title=Jeju’s political climate following liberation|date=2018|url=http://jeju43peace.org/historytruth/fact-truth/factstruth_article4/}}</ref> The U.S. occupiers created an army staffed by former Japanese officers and rebuilt the [[Korean National Police]] (KNP) of the Japanese occupation era.<ref name=":110">{{Citation|author=Stephen Gowans|year=2018|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom|chapter=The War Against Communists of the South|page=95–99|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=Montreal|publisher=Baraka Books|isbn=9781771861427|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref>

==== Conflict between occupation forces and people's committees ====
Richard Robinson, the chief of the Public Opinion Section of the Department of Information of the USAMGIK, who had been present in Korea and contributing to the official U.S. military historical record at the time, later gave his observations about the People's Committees and the USAMGIK's policy of rehiring officers from the Japanese colonial era:<blockquote>It was safe to say that for the most part the local People's Committees in these early days were of the genuine grassroots democratic variety and represented a spontaneous urge of the people to govern themselves. . . . They resented orders from the Military Government to turn the administration of local government over to American Army officers and their appointed Korean counterparts, many of whom were considered to be Japanese collaborators. It seemed like a reversion to what had gone before. Bloodshed ensued in many communities as local People's Committees defied the Military Government and refused to abandon government offices. Koreans and Americans met in pitched battles, and not a few Koreans met violent death in the struggle.<ref name=":4">Robinson, Richard. Cited in Mark J. Scher (1973) ''U.S. policy in Korea 1945–1948: A Neocolonial model takes shape.'' Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, 5:4, 17-27, DOI: 10.1080/14672715.1973.10406346. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.1973.1040634</nowiki> URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14672715.1973.10406346</ref></blockquote>Robinson then gives an example of an incident which he refers to as "typical" of this period. According to Robinson, in the small community of Namwon in North Jeolla province, the Japanese had turned over considerable property to the local People's Committee just prior to the arrival of the Americans. The U.S. military government then demanded the property, but the People's Committee refused to turn it over to the U.S. military government. Robinson states that five leaders of the Committee were arrested by the local Korean police, adding that "the police chief was captured and beaten by Committee members and the police station attacked by a large crowd of irate citizens." He says that the station was guarded by American troops, and that when the Koreans refused to disband, "the Americans advanced with fixed bayonets," resulting in two Koreans being killed and several injured.<ref name=":4" />

Within a year of the U.S. occupation, uprisings began in 80 cities and hundreds of villages. After the suppression of the People's Republic of Korea, widespread [[Strike action|strikes]] and protests began followed by a guerrilla movement. By December 1947, the KNP had arrested over 21,000 leftists, and the amount of political prisoners was more than under the Japanese occupation. By 1948, resistance forces controlled most of the inland villages in south Korea. The KNP arrested so many people that it ran out of space in prisons and forced an additional 70,000 people, including 30,000 communists, into concentration camps. By 1950, the south Korean government and U.S. occupation forces killed between 100,000 and 200,000 dissidents.<ref name=":110" />
===First Republic (1948–1960) ===
[[File:Syngman Rhee.jpg|thumb|264x264px|Syngman Rhee (Korean: 이승만), president of the ROK First Republic from 1948-1960. Described as an "extreme rightist" in a 1948 [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] report.<ref name=":20">{{News citation|newspaper=Wilson Center Digital Archive|title=March 18, 1948 Central Intelligence Agency, ORE 15/48, 'The Current Situation in Korea'|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729051304/https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/220065.pdf?v=d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e|retrieved=2022-07-29|Archive=History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Record Group 263, Records of the Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/220065.pdf?v=d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e}}</ref>]]After rejecting [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet]] proposals for all-Korean elections, the United States created a UN committee of [[Canada]], [[Commonwealth of Australia|Australia]], the [[Republic of the Philippines|Philippines]], and the defeated [[Kuomintang]] from [[People's Republic of China|China]] to supervise elections in the southern zone. Koreans from all parts of the nation organized a National Unity Conference in [[Pyongyang]] that met three weeks before the US-sponsored elections. Many [[Left-wing politics|leftist]] parties and some [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] parties boycotted the elections. The Korean National Police and right-wing thugs attacked communists, while people who did not vote would lose their land and ration cards. [[Syngman Rhee]] won the rigged elections and took power as the first president of the south. During the elections, [[Kim Sok-won]] led a parade in Seoul of 2,500 Koreans who had collaborated with the Japanese.

The First Republic was the government of south Korea from August 1948 to April 1960. Syngman Rhee ruled for the entire existence of the first republic. The first republic was characterized by Rhee's authoritarianism and corruption, limited economic development, strong anti-communism, and by the late 1950s, by growing political instability and public opposition to Rhee.

Prior to being flown in to Korea by the OSS (precursor to the CIA), Rhee had been living in the United States for over thirty-five years, earning an M.A. at Harvard and a Ph.D. at Princeton.<ref name=":21">{{Citation|author=Max Hastings|year=1988|title=The Korean War|title-url=https://archive.org/details/koreanwar00hast_0/page/32/mode/2up|chapter=Origins of a Tragedy|page=32, 33-34|quote=Syngman Rhee was born in 1875, the son of a genealogical scholar. He failed the civil service exams several times before becoming a student of English. Between 1899 and 1904 he was imprisoned for political activities. On his release, he went to the United States, where he studied for some years, earning an M.A. at Harvard and a Ph.D. at Princeton—the first Korean to receive an American doctorate. After a brief return to his homeland in 1910, Rhee once more settled in America. He remained there for the next thirty-five years, lobbying relentlessly for American support for Korean independence, financed by the contributions of Korean patriots. (p.32)}}</ref> According to Max Hastings, in ''The Korean War'':<blockquote>Rhee's backing from the Military Government was a decisive force in his rise to power. [...] There is no murkier episode in the history of the American occupation than the return of Rhee to Seoul. The Military Government firmly denied not only complicity but prior knowledge of this. Yet all the evidence now suggests that General Hodge and his staff participated in a carefully orchestrated conspiracy to bring back Rhee, despite the refusal of the State Department to grant him a passport. A former deputy director of the wartime OSS, Preston Goodfellow, prevailed upon the State Department to provide Rhee with documentation. There appears to have been at least a measure of corruption in this transaction. Rhee got to know Goodfellow during the war, when the Korean mendaciously suggested to the American that he could provide agents for operations behind the Japanese lines. After the war it seems almost certain that Goodfellow assisted and raised money for Rhee in return for the promise of commercial concessions in Korea when the doctor gained power. Rhee flew to Seoul in one of MacArthur's aircraft. Despite the vigorous denials of the U.S. Army in the Far East, it seems likely that he met secretly with both the Supreme Commander and Hodge during his stopover in Tokyo. Rhee, it is apparent, was their nominee for the leadership of a Korean civilian government.<ref name=":21" /></blockquote>A 1948 CIA report wrote that "there is every prospect that Rhee's accession to power will be followed by intra-party cleavages and by the ruthless suppression of all non-Rhee Rightist, Moderate, and Leftist opposition," characterizing Rhee as an "imported expatriate politician" and "extreme rightist" and demagogue "bent on autocratic rule", who would be an "unpopular" figure who would play into communist propaganda due to his extreme rightist orientation, and stating that the U.S. throwing their full support behind him could potentially be "a source of future embarrassment to US policy in the Far East."<ref name=":20" />

During the First Republic, the number of U.S. troops decreased, but many intelligence officers and combat specialists continued to occupy south Korea. Resistance against the occupation continued to grow, reaching 3,500 to 6,000 guerrilla fighters by early 1949. Rhee created the National Guidance League to make leftists to reject reunification and forced 300,000 people to join. He also created the [[National Security Law]], which still exists today and criminalizes recognition of the DPRK as a legitimate state. Almost 190,000 people, including members of the National Assembly, were arrested under this law up to December 1949.<ref name=":1102">{{Citation|author=Stephen Gowans|year=2018|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom|chapter=The Political Partition of Korea|page=115–116|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=Montreal|publisher=Baraka Books|isbn=9781771861427|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref>

==== Jeju People's Committee ====
After liberation from Japanese colonization, the Jeju People’s Committee was formed with the head of the Farmers' Guild and the Fishermens' Guild as its leaders. According to the Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation, "In every aspect, the Jeju People’s Committee was the only political party and the only government in Jeju" after liberation from the Japanese. E. Grant Meade, a USAMGIK officer, said, “The Jeju People’s Committee was the only political party in the island and the only organization acting like a government.”<ref name=":1" /> The committees had the respect and support from most villagers. Committee members were known in their communities from their long years as school teachers, union leaders and for resistance to Japanese abuses or for their organizing work in Japan. When the USAMGIK arrived on Jeju, it found that the Jeju People’s Committee and all the village and county People’s Committees were functioning successfully as a de facto government with popular support. The USAMGIK did not disturb or challenge this de facto government. This was unusual because the USAMGIK had as its mission to insure that a right leaning government hostile to socialism emerged in Korea.<ref name=":14">{{News citation|author=Jay Hauben|newspaper=The Jeju Weekly|title=People's Republic of Korea: Jeju, 1945-1946|date=2011-08-20|url=http://www.jejuweekly.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=1865|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723035033/http://www.jejuweekly.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=1865|archive-date=2022-07-23|retrieved=2022-07-23}}</ref> Unlike in the mainland, where the People's Committees were immediately disregarded and systematically dismantled by the USAMGIK, the People's Committee on Jeju Island remained intact for a longer period, serving as the island's main governmental body until 1948 when it, too, was violently dismantled in conjunction with the process of the Republic of Korea being officially established that year.

==== Jeju Uprising and Massacre ====
{{Main article|Jeju Uprising}}[[File:Northwest Youth League logo 백골부대 정신을 계승한 서북청년단 기.jpg|thumb|262x262px|Banner of the Northwest Youth League, a right-wing paramilitary group who assisted government forces in the mass murder of Jeju islanders in the name of anti-communism.<ref name=":7">{{News citation|author=Lauren Flenniken|newspaper=The Jeju Weekly|title=The Northwest Youth League|date=2011-04-10|url=http://www.jejuweekly.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=1435|retrieved=2022-07-25|quote=Despite the Northwest Youth League lacking legal backing to exercise their power, President Rhee and the KDP allowed the group to use aggressive force against supposed Communists without restrictions. [...] Professor Bruce Cumings of the University of Chicago states that at the time, Jeju’s local government and police were comprised mostly of mainlanders who “worked together with ultra-rightest party terrorists,” otherwise known as the Northwest Youth League.}}</ref>]]
In 1948, in a series of events known variously as the Jeju Uprising, the Jeju 4.3 Incident, and the Jeju Massacre, an uprising occurred on Jeju Island, followed by a scorched earth style retaliation undertaken by government forces and right-wing paramilitary groups to root out communist influence on the island. The Jeju massacre was the second largest massacre in south Korea's modern history,<ref name=":8">{{News citation|author=Song Jung Hee|newspaper=The Jeju Weekly|title=Islanders still mourn April 3 massacre|date=2010-03-31|url=http://www.jejuweekly.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=657}}</ref> the death toll listed by the Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation being approximately 30,000 people, or one-tenth of the island's population.<ref name=":9">{{News citation|newspaper=Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation|title=Background to the Jeju 4·3 Uprising and Massacre|date=2018|url=http://jeju43peace.org/historytruth/fact-truth/factstruth-article1/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723024308/http://jeju43peace.org/historytruth/fact-truth/factstruth-article1/|archive-date=2022-07-23}}</ref>

Although the People’s Committees in other regions were either dissolved by the USAMGIK or operated under different names, the Jeju People’s Committee remained intact and enjoyed strong support. This was largely due to the pro-Japanese faction being relatively weak in Jeju. Many people who had fought for independence against the Japanese returned to their hometowns and became members of the People’s Committee in Jeju.<ref name=":1" /> However, Many Jeju islanders resisted the division of the Korean Peninsula and strongly protested the first election that was scheduled for May 10, 1948, that would confirm the formation of the Republic of Korea south of the 38th parallel. Their resistance to the division of the peninsula and the establishment of the Southern regime triggered a brutal suppression by government forces.

According to The Jeju 4·3 Incident Investigation Report, "In around the middle of November 1948, uncompromising repression operations were carried out. Under these operations, a curfew was imposed on the residents of the upland areas and if anyone broke it, he or she was executed without exception. From the middle of November 1948 to February 1949, for about four months, the anti-guerrilla expeditions burned down the upland villages and killed the residents collectively. [...] During this period, the casualties were the highest and most of the upland villages were literally burnt to the ground."<ref>{{Citation|author=Jeju 4·3 Peace Foundation|year=2003|title=The Jeju 4·3 Incident Investigation Report|page=469|pdf=https://jeju43peace.or.kr/cmm/fms/FileDown.do?atchFileId=FILE_00000000000071265Cu0&fileSn=0|publisher=The National Committee for Investigation
of the Truth about the Jeju April 3 Incident}}</ref> A combination of government forces and violent far-right paramilitary groups, notably the far-right anti-communist Northwest Youth League, carried out these attacks.<ref name=":7" />
[[File:Jeju 4.3 Camellia flower.png|thumb|The camellia flower can be seen in the island of Jeju as a symbol of the 4.3 incident's victims. '''Above:''' A camellia flower pin. '''Below:''' Camellia flowers forming the shape of Jeju Island.]]

===== Death toll of Jeju massacre and long-term imprisonment of Jeju islanders =====
Because the facts of the Jeju massacre were officially suppressed for over fifty years, only coming to light in January 2000 when a Special Act was decreed by the south Korean Government calling for an official investigation of the incident, an official death toll could not be established until that time. Additionally, discoveries of mass grave execution sites, such as the mass grave uncovered in 2008 near Jeju Airport, illustrate the difficulty of calculating the massacre's true toll.<ref name=":8" /> According to a report by the National Commission on the Jeju April 3 Incident, 25,000 to 30,000 people were killed or simply vanished, with upwards of 4,000 more fleeing to Japan as the government sought to quell the uprising. As the island’s population was at most 300,000 at the time, the official toll was one-tenth of the inhabitants. However, some Jeju people claim that as many as 40,000 islanders were killed in the suppression.<ref name=":8" /> Some estimates claim as many as 60,000 people may have been killed by the end of these events.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=2000-06-18|title=Ghosts of Cheju|url=|newspaper=Newsweek|archive-url=https://www.newsweek.com/ghosts-cheju-160665|archive-date=|retrieved=2021-21-30}}</ref> The 30,000 death figure, or one in every 10 Jeju residents at the time, is a common figure given for how many people lost their lives during this period, and is the one cited on the Jeju 4.3 Peace Foundation website.<ref name=":9" />

One result of the decades-long suppression of the facts of the massacre is the long-term imprisonment of Jeju islanders arrested on suspicion of being communists during the conflict. Many of those arrested on these charges died in captivity. Others remained in prison for up to 20 years, and those who had been released were not cleared of their criminal records, and were ostracized by the community or disadvantaged in their job applications for having criminal records. Decades after being arrested, some of the remaining victims had their names legally cleared of the charges in 2019, due to a ruling that found that the military court of the time did not follow proper legal procedures, made groundless charges, and that there were no court records found from the time explaining why those arrested were given such harsh sentences.<ref>{{News citation|author=Lee Suh-yoon|newspaper=The Korea Times|title=Jeju massacre victims get their names cleared in court|date=2019-01-17|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2019/01/251_262242.html|quote=The suit was filed by 18 plaintiffs who were jailed after being branded as communist insurgents ― with around 2,500 others ― during the ideological conflict that flared up on the southern island after Korea's independence from Japan. Many died in captivity. Even after surviving the massacre and imprisonment, the plaintiffs were ostracized by the community or disadvantaged in their job applications for having criminal records. [...] The plaintiffs demanded a retrial in 2017, saying they were arrested and imprisoned for up to 20 years without fair procedure. There were no court records found from the time explaining why the plaintiffs were given such harsh sentences.}}</ref>

==== Fatherland Liberation War (1950–1953) ====
<blockquote>''See also: [[Korean War]], [[List of atrocities commited by the United States of America#Korean War|List of atrocities committed by the United States of America#Korean War]]''</blockquote>This period is generally referred to in English as the "Korean War", in DPRK as the "Fatherland Liberation War" (Korean: 조국해방전쟁), and in south Korea as the "6.25 War" (Korean: 6·25 전쟁). In China it is sometimes referred to as the "Korean War", and some specific battles are referred to as the "War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea" (Chinese: 抗美援朝战争). This period is also referred to by some in English as "The Forgotten War" or "The Unknown War."

In the U.S., the war was initially described as a "police action" as the United States never formally declared war on its opponents.<ref>Truman, Harry S. (29 June 1950). "The President's News Conference of June 29, 1950. Teachingamericanhistory.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101226063925/http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=594 Archive link].</ref> According to the U.S. Department of State's Office of the Historian, "When north Korea invaded south Korea in June 1950, the United States sponsored a "police action"—a war in all but name—under the auspices of the United Nations. The Department of State coordinated U.S. strategic decisions with the other 16 countries contributing troops to the fighting. In addition, the Department worked closely with the government of Syngman Rhee, encouraging him to implement reform so that the UN claim of defending democracy in Korea would be accurate." The U.S. Department of State's description of the war notes that "The Korean War was difficult to fight and unpopular domestically" and that "The American public tired of a war without victory."<ref>A Short History of the Department of State. "NSC-68 and the Korean War." Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute, U.S. Department of State. URL: https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/koreanwar [https://web.archive.org/web/20220725043544/https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/short-history/koreanwar Archive link].</ref>

The People's Democracy Party (PDP) of south Korea characterizes the conditions that led to the Korean War as follows:<blockquote>Objectively, there were 2,617 attacks from the South to the North during the year of 1949 under pro-U.S. and far-right Rhee Seung-man regime. Therefore, it cannot be viewed that the war broke out exactly on June 25th, 1950. The U.S. military government forcefully dissolved the people’s committees that were formed as independent South Corean people’s organizations and exhaustively massacred and oppressed the national liberation movement forces and patriotic and democratic forces after the U.S. army came into South Corea in September 1945 as an occupation force.

All the people except the minimum of pro-U.S. and far-right forces held the “Joint Meeting of Representatives of Political Parties and Social Organizations in the North and South of Korea” in April 1948, in Pyongyang, and decided to immediately withdraw the U.S. military and to establish a unified government by the Corean nation’s power and initiative.

However, the single government of the South was established by the U.S. and the intervention of the UN, which was under the domination of the U.S. Then, North Corea had to establish their own government. The condition for an outbreak of the Corean War had developed.<ref name=":23" /></blockquote>The PDP stated that the U.S. had become the head of imperialist forces after World War II, and Korea was the first country it invaded. The PDP characterizes the war as a battle between the Korean nation and U.S. imperialism, and also notes that "it was the first war that U.S. imperialism fought against a small country and lost."<ref name=":23" />

Alan Winnington, a British correspondent in China and Korea for the ''Daily Worker,'' provides a description of the apparent ignorance of U.S. soldiers at the outset of the war, by interviewing POWs caught by the People's Army. Winnington writes:<blockquote>I asked every prisoner I met: “Why are you fighting in Korea?” Not one could give a clear answer. Most said: “I don’t know.” Some said: “It’s something to do with the United Nations, they told us.”

A few had heard of Rhee. None knew of Kim Ir Sen. With one or two exceptions, Privates—nearly all teen-agers—said they had joined the army to “see the world”, “get out of the draft” or “save some money”. Their general view of the Korean war was summed up by Edward Sorea, nineteen-year-old Private of San Bernardino, California. He said: “I just wanted to travel. It was peace-time. Who in hell thought there would be a war? One drops on you from out of a clear sky.”

You cannot find one American soldier who is concerned whether America wins the war or not—rather you meet many who want the Koreans to win quickly so that they can “get back home". “Win or lose”, they say, “American people have nothing to gain". Soldiers like that make bad fighters—just how bad can be seen by taking a trip down the main road from Kumchon, near the 38th Parallel, to Yongdong, near Taegu, in the South.<ref name=":24">{{Web citation|author=Alan Winnington|newspaper=The Daily Worker|title=I Saw The Truth In Korea: Facts and photographs that will shock Britain|date=September 1950|url=https://www.docdroid.net/8z73fQZ/i-saw-the-truth-in-korea-readingt-ver-pdf|quote=The Daily Worker sent me to Korea to get the facts at first hand and report them to the British public. And so I arrived in Korea on July 16 and stayed for five weeks.

Of course, before I went I knew that the Americans were bombing heavily and fighting badly. I knew that Syngman Rhee's troops only existed as scattered units and there was no longer a “South Korean Army”; that effectively this was a war between America and Korea. These facts were common knowledge in the world, but I admit I was mentally unprepared for all I found.

After all, five years ago we and the Russians were allies of the Americans in the war against the Nazis. Since then, Roosevelt and his colleagues have gone and atomic diplomacy has taken their place. But still, what I saw Americans doing in Korea shook me to my heels. I suppose all my life I’ve been listening to propaganda about America being a civilised nation and some of this must have sunk in. Somehow, I never quite thought of Americans doing exactly what the Nazis did until I saw it with my own eyes.

We still talk of Coventry as an example of malicious and futile bombing, but the Americans have gone far ahead of the Nazis in what they politely term “Saturation Bombing”. The American style of waging war in Korea is on the same pattern as the Nazis but, bearing in mind the size of the country, even more savage and just as stupid.

Wonsan is a much smaller town than Coventry, not nearly as large as the London suburb; of Walthamstow. During its first heavy raid in July, B.29 Superfortresses flung 500 tons of high explosive bombs into the town—sixty tons more than Coventry got on that terrible night ten years ago. No targets were aimed at. MacArthur’s communiqué admitted that there was “heavy cloud" which “prevented the evaluation of the effect of the raid”. Actually, visibility was nil at the time, for it was raining hard. In Coventry there were 1,000 casualties that night. During the first raid on Wonsan there were 1,249 killed and the northern half of the town was wiped out In August the raid was repeated, wiping out the other half. No other military objective was claimed than that this town was a rail centre. A thousand tons of bombs; a town obliterated; over 4,000 casualties in all; tens of thousands made homeless and bereaved—all to damage a rail -track. Does it make sense? This is bombing in the fashion that no British town ever met. I saw Coventry and I was in London all through the ‘blitz and I saw Wonsan after these raids. It was far worse than the worst the Nazis ever did.}}</ref></blockquote>Winnington contrasts the apparent cluelessness and lack of resolve of American troops with his observations of the attitudes of Koreans:<blockquote>[T]he ghastly destruction of homes and lives that has gone with it has made the whole nation furious. Even former apologists of America are now their bitter enemies.

On roads you can meet men by the hundred who tell you: “My home was bombed in . . . so I sent my wife and children to relatives in the country and I’m oil to volunteer.” In Wonsan, the wife and children of a worker, Wan Wun Chu, were killed in a raid while he was at work. “They are dead and I cannot call them back,” he said. “If I die it is little now. But I would give my last drop of blood to get revenge and drive those murdering dogs from our country. They tell me my place is in production and I will work my fingers to the bone to produce more for the army.”

Every village I visited proudly told me not only how many men had gone into the army but also how many volunteers were waiting to be accepted. There is no lack of the finest quality fighting men; men who were bred in the countless thousands of mountains that cover Korea; volunteers who know why they want to win.<ref name=":24" /></blockquote>Winnington sums up his 1950 assessment of the Korean War's outbreak by saying "Korea has repudiated Syngman Rhee and the Americans. All the Korean people want Korea to be reunited and ruled by Koreans. No regime can exist that has been repudiated by the people and this war can only be won by the Koreans just as the war in China could only be won by the people. This is one of the iron facts of the twentieth century. [...] In China the pattern was the same; America supported the most corrupt and hated enemies of the people, led by Chiang Kai-shek, backed them with more than ‘$6 billion, sent them military aid and advisers—and produced their great fiasco. [...] It is America which has invaded Korea. To defend the interests of Morgan and Rockefeller, of Dupont and the steel barons, to restore the land to the feudal landlords, to drive the people back to penury, to maintain a war base against the peaceful Soviet Union."<ref name=":24" />

===== Support for DPRK among south Koreans during the war =====
[[File:CIA document pages 1 and 2.jpg|thumb|1950 CIA document stating that more than 50% of Seoul students were actively aiding communists, many volunteering for the Northern Army, and that the working class of Seoul generally supported the North.<ref name=":6" />]]
The Korean War and the following decades were characterized by massive arrest campaigns and mass killings to suppress communists as well as anyone else suspected of opposing the highly unpopular Southern regime. In 1950, when the DPRK attempted to reunify the country, Rhee's forces retreated and killed at least another 60,000 supposed communist sympathizers.<ref>{{Citation|author=Kim Dong-Choon|year=2004|title=Forgotten war, forgotten massacres--the Korean War (1950-1953) as licensed mass killings|chapter=|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=https://www.academia.edu/6417696|city=|publisher=Journal of Genocide Research|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref>

In a 1950 CIA memorandum, after the Northern Army had taken over Seoul, Central Intelligence Director and U.S. Navy Rear Admiral R.H. Hillenkoeter reported that "over 50% of Seoul's students are actively aiding the Communist invaders, with many voluntarily enlisting in the Northern Army" and that among Seoul's population, "the working class generally supports the Northern Koreans, while merchants are neutral and the intelligentsia continue to be pro-Southern," adding that the streets of Seoul were "crowded [...] with youths engaging in Communist demonstrations.<ref name=":6">{{News citation|author=R.H. Hillenkoeter, Director of Central Intelligence|newspaper=CIA Memorandum|title=The Korean Situation|date=1950-7-19|url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/1950-07-19b.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723030500/https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/1950-07-19b.pdf|archive-date=2022-07-23|quote=Past failure of the Republic of Korea to win the support of its restless student class may lie behind reports that over 50% of Seoul's students are actively aiding the Communist invaders, with many voluntarily enlisting in the Northern Army. Apparently attracted by the glamor of a winning army, the morale of these recruits may suffer rapidly if the going gets tough. Among others elements of Seoul's population, the working class generally supports the Northern Koreans, while merchants are neutral and the intelligentsia continue to be pro-Southern. A former Seoul policeman reports that North Korean troops and police are rather inconspicuous in Seoul. Commercially, the city is nearly "dead"; stores are closed except for two department stores and some greengrocers. The streets, however, are crowded, especially with youths engaging in Communist demonstrations.}}</ref>

The People's Democratic Party of south Korea, interviewed in 2020, said that "almost all workers and peasants in the South rejected the U.S. military" and added that "According to North Corea’s data, about 400,00 peoples in the South voluntarily enlisted in the North Corean military when the Corean war started."<ref name=":23" />

According to Kim Sin Gyu, a north Korean correspondent present in Seoul at the time: "When the city was first liberated, the citizens of Seoul welcomed the Korean People's Army. I remember hearing people say, 'We heard the north Korean communist soldiers were a monstrous rabble, with the horns of devils and red faces. But seeing them now, they are the same as us. The soldiers are young and brave and handsome.'"<ref name=":11">''Korea: The Unknown War.'' TV Documentary Series. Episode 2: "An Arrogant Display of Strength." Thames Television, 1988. Aired on WGBH Boston, 1990. (URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVCuku3Ldi0)</ref>

Alan Winnington, a ''Daily Worker'' correspondent present in Korea in 1950, wrote:<blockquote>Every evening, the countryside of Korea, especially in the South, boils with life. Hundreds of thousands of peasants and townfolk converge on roads and in a matter of hours have repaired the bomb damage of the previous day by the sheer weight of limitless, willing human labour. While that is going on, hundreds of thousands of others are resuming their trek south from where they stopped at dawn; managing countless oxcarts over remote by-ways; carrying loads of food and munitions on their backs. All these reconstruction and transport workers are volunteers, unpaid, providing their own food and materials, with their own militia to protect them from stray enemy troops, self-supporting, familiar with the terrain and determined to put an end to foreign occupation of their country.

[...] In places where I checked the figures, I found that practically every available man and many of the women had taken part in one or other side of the Civilian War Service. Below the Parallel, in Koyang County near Seoul, in twelve days 54,085 men had volunteered out of a total population of only 180,000. During the advance of the People’s Army in this area, the local People’s Committee had mobilised 1,000 oxcarts in a single night for a transport emergency. I personally never met a peasant—except old and infirm—who had not helped the army in some way. And in cities, every evening you can see the reconstruction workers gathering in their thousands with spades, crowbars and ropes. At least half of these are women, who refuse to be kept out of even the heaviest and most dangerous work of rescue and fire-fighting during the raids.<ref name=":24" /> </blockquote>

===== U.S. war crimes =====
See: ''[[List of atrocities commited by the United States of America#Korean War|List of atrocities committed by the United States of America#Korean War]]''

During the Korean War, U.S. troops killed large numbers of Korean civilians and engaged in copious firebombing with napalm, and, as was eventually revealed through declassified documents, had at certain times a policy of deliberately firing on south Korean refugee groups approaching its lines.<ref name=":12">{{News citation|author=Youkyung Lee|newspaper=Associated Press|title=S. Korean who forced US to admit massacre has died|date=2014-08-07|url=https://apnews.com/article/108b4bd1dc854caeaf5f9349fcd5a176|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726115036/https://apnews.com/article/108b4bd1dc854caeaf5f9349fcd5a176|quote=On July 26, 1950, outside the central South Korean village of No Gun Ri, hundreds of civilians from nearby villages, ordered south by U.S. troops, were stopped by a dug-in battalion of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment, and then were attacked without warning by U.S. warplanes. Survivors fled under a railroad overpass, where for the next three days they were fired on by 7th Cavalry troops. [...] in January 2001 the Army acknowledged the No Gun Ri killings but assigned no blame, calling it a “deeply regrettable accompaniment to a war.” [...] In 2006 it emerged that among incriminating documents omitted from the 2001 U.S. report was a declassified letter from the U.S. ambassador in South Korea, dated the day the No Gun Ri killings began, saying the Army had adopted a policy of firing on refugee groups approaching its lines.}}</ref> In an article of the Asia-Pacific Journal, Kim Dong choon writes that "Few are aware that the Korean authorities as well as US and allied forces massacred hundreds of thousands of south Korean civilians at the dawn of the Korean War".<ref>{{News citation|author=Kim Dong choon|newspaper=The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus|title=The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Korea: Uncovering the Hidden Korean War. The Other War: Korean War Massacres.|date=2010-03-01|url=https://apjjf.org/-Kim-Dong-choon/3314/article.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726125030/https://apjjf.org/-Kim-Dong-choon/3314/article.html|archive-date=2022-07-26|retrieved=2022-07-26}}</ref> There were also incidents of U.S. pilots ignoring their orders to stay within Korea and flying beyond its borders, strafing military targets in China and the Soviet Union.<ref name=":11" />

According to U.S. Naval Captain Walter Karig, in his book ''Battle Report: The War in Korea'':<blockquote>[W]e killed civilians, friendly civilians, and bombed their homes; fired whole villages with the occupants--women and children and ten times as many hidden Communist soldiers--under showers of napalm, and the pilots came back to their ships stinking of vomit twisted from their vitals by the shock of what they had to do.<ref>Walter Karig; Malcolm W Cagle; Frank A Manson; et al (1952). ''Battle Report: The War in Korea'' (pp. 111-112). New York: Rinehart.</ref></blockquote>United States Air Force General Curtis LeMay, commander of the U.S.'s Strategic Air Command, gave a similar description of the U.S. military's conduct in Korea, saying:<blockquote>[W]e went over there and fought the war and eventually burned down every town in North Korea [...] some way or another, and some in south Korea, too. We even burned down Pusan—an accident, but we burned it down anyway. The Marines started a battle down there with no enemy in sight. Over a period of three years or so, we killed off—what—twenty percent of the population of Korea as direct casualties of war, or from starvation and exposure?<ref>Richard H. Kohn and Joseph P. Harahan (1988). ''[https://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/29/2001329790/-1/-1/0/AFD-100929-052.pdf Strategic Air Warfare: an interview with generals Curtis E. LeMay, Leon W. Johnson, David A. Burchinal, and Jack J. Catton]'' (p. 88). Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force. ISBN 0-912799-56-0</ref></blockquote>In a 1950 pamphlet entitled "I Saw the Truth in Korea", written by Alan Winnington, correspondent in China and Korea for the ''Daily Worker'', Winnington describes the actions of U.S. forces in Korea, documenting massacres with photographs and describing the aftermath of bombings:<blockquote>[F]ive years ago we and the Russians were allies of the Americans in the war against the Nazis. Since then, Roosevelt and his colleagues have gone and atomic diplomacy has taken their place. But still, what I saw Americans doing in Korea shook me to my heels. I suppose all my life I’ve been listening to propaganda about America being a civilised nation and some of this must have sunk in. Somehow, I never quite thought of Americans doing exactly what the Nazis did until I saw it with my own eyes. [...] A thousand tons of bombs; a town obliterated; over 4,000 casualties in all; tens of thousands made homeless and bereaved—all to damage a rail-track. Does it make sense? This is bombing in the fashion that no British town ever met. I saw Coventry and I was in London all through the ‘blitz and I saw Wonsan after these raids. It was far worse than the worst the Nazis ever did.<ref name=":24" /></blockquote>In addition to the U.S. military's practice of fire-bombing civilian targets and firing on refugees, many south Korean civilian casualties occurred due to the American soldiers' inability to tell apart North and south Koreans. As described by an anonymous U.S. officer on the U.S. Defense Department radio program called "Time for Defense", "What makes it so difficult over here is that you can't tell the damn north Koreans from the south Koreans, and that's caused a lot of slaughter."([[:File:Anonymous U.S. officer describes Korean war.mp4|audio file]])<ref>''Korea: The Unknown War.'' TV Documentary Series. Episode 2: "An Arrogant Display of Strength." Thames Television, 1988. Aired on WGBH Boston, 1990. (URL: <nowiki>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVCuku3Ldi0</nowiki>)</ref> It may be argued that the policy of firing on groups of refugees was a result of this, as described in the 1988 documentary ''Korea: The Unknown War'', which observes that "American troops found it difficult to distinguish friend from foe," and that "the North Koreans had infiltrated refugee columns, and in the ensuing confusion, innocent civilians became casualties." According to the documentary, one American general allegedly commented, "If they look organized, shoot at them."<ref name=":11" />
[[File:U.S. documents showing refugee policy early in Korean War.jpg|thumb|364x364px|'''Left:''' An unsigned Air Force memo from July 25, 1950 seeking alternatives on the policy of "strafing civilian refugees" which "is sure to receive wide publicity and may cause embarrassment to the U.S. Air Force and U.S. government." '''Right:''' A July 26, 1950 letter from the American embassy to the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State saying, "If refugees do appear from the north of US lines they will receive warning shots, and if they then persist in advancing they will be shot."]]
One example of the U.S. policy of firing on groups of refugees is the incident of the Nogeun-ri massacre, also written as No Gun Ri (Korean: 노근리). The incident was little-known outside Korea until publication of an Associated Press story in 1999 in which U.S. veterans corroborated survivors' accounts, and details gradually became more widely known. In July 1950, American soldiers shot "hundreds of helpless civilians under a railroad bridge".<ref name=":13">{{News citation|author=Sang-Hun Choe, Charles J. Hanley and Martha Mendoza|newspaper=Washington Post|title=U.S. Massacre of Civilians in Korean War Described|date=1999-09-30|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/sept99/skorea30.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726121945/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/sept99/skorea30.htm|retrieved=2022-07-26}}</ref> U.S. veterans spoke of 100 or 200 or "hundreds" dead and described "a preponderance of women, children and old men among the victims", while Korean witnesses said 300 were killed at the bridge and 100 in a preceding air attack. One Korean witness commented that "the American soldiers played with our lives like boys playing with flies." One of the U.S. veterans described it as "wholesale slaughter."<ref name=":13" />

Although this incident had gone unacknowledged for decades, in 2001 the U.S. Army acknowledged the killings, calling them a "regrettable accompaniment to a war." In 2006, it was revealed that among documents omitted from the 2001 U.S. report, there was a declassified letter from the U.S. ambassador in south Korea, dated the day the Nogeun-ri killings began, saying the Army had adopted a policy of firing on refugee groups approaching its lines.<ref name=":12" /> Some U.S. veterans have also described other refugee killings as well, when U.S. commanders ordered their troops to shoot civilians as a defense against disguised enemy soldiers, and declassified U.S. Air Force reports allegedly show that pilots also sometimes deliberately attacked "people in white" (referring to white peasant garb), suspecting that disguised north Korean soldiers were among them.<ref name=":13" />

==== Armistice Agreement (1953) ====
The armistice was signed on 27 July 1953. The signed armistice established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), the de facto new border between the two nations, put into force a cease-fire, and finalized repatriation of prisoners of war. The DMZ runs close to the 38th parallel and has continued to separate north and south Korea since the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed in 1953.

==== U.S. abrogation of armistice paragraph 13d, introduction of nuclear weapons into South ====
Paragraph 13d of the agreement mandated that neither side introduce new weapons into Korea. At a meeting in 1957, the U.S. informed the north Korean representatives that the United Nations Command no longer considered itself bound by paragraph 13d of the armistice,<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Time Magazine|title=Korea: The End of 13d|date=1957-07-01|url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,809583,00.html|archive-date=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728030416/https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,809583,00.html|quote=One afternoon last week in the stuffy green Quonset hut that is the heart of the scrubby no man's land of Panmunjom, three U.S. generals, a British brigadier and a Republic of Korea air-force officer coldly confronted 40 North Korean commissars and military men. "I have a statement to make," began Major General Homer L. Litzenberg, U.S.M.C., in a level voice. Then, while the Communists listened attentively, he told them that the U.N. Command no longer felt bound by subparagraph 13D of the Korean armistice agreement—the clause limiting introduction of new weapons into Korea.}}</ref> and in 1958 the U.S. abrogated paragraph 13d of the armistice by introducing nuclear weapons into south Korea.<ref>{{News citation|author=Lee Jae-Bong|newspaper=The Asia-Pacific Journal|title=US Deployment of Nuclear Weapons in 1950s South Korea & North Korea's Nuclear Development: Toward Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula|date=2009-02-07|url=https://apjjf.org/-Lee-Jae-Bong/3053/article.html}}</ref>

==== End of the First Republic ====
In 1960, Rhee was forced to resign due to mass protests across the nation after the body of a student killed by police was found floating in the harbor.<ref>{{Citation|author=|year=|title=Cause of the 4.19 Revolution|chapter=|section=|page=|quote=|pdf=|city=|publisher=|isbn=|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=https://archive.ph/20120707225356/http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=726618|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=}}</ref> As a result of this, he fled to [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]], where he remained in exile until his death.

===Second Republic (1960–1961)===
After Rhee's overthrow, bourgeois democracy was briefly restored under president [[Yun Bo-seon]].<ref>{{News citation|journalist=|date=|title=The Democratic Interlude|url=http://countrystudies.us/south-korea/12.htm|newspaper=Library of Congress|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref> The second republic was founded during the April Revolution mass protests against President Syngman Rhee, succeeding the first republic and establishing a parliamentary government. After thirteen months it was overthrown by the south Korean Army in the May 16 coup led by [[Park Chung-hee]]. Park had fought for the Japanese during the occupation and took the Japanese name Takagi Masao.<ref>{{Citation|author=Stephen Gowans|year=2018|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom|chapter=The Patriot|page=67|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=Montreal|publisher=Baraka Books|isbn=9781771861427|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref> In 1961, the ROK declared all [[Socialist state|socialist states]] its enemies and founded the [[Korean Central Intelligence Agency|KCIA]], a brutal secret police agency that routinely imprisoned and tortured dissidents. The KCIA required [[Trade union|union]] leaders to pledge loyalty to the state.<ref name=":1103" />

=== Third Republic (1963–1972) ===
The Third Republic was founded on the dissolution of the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction that overthrew the Second Republic and established a military government in May 1961 when, on May 16, General [[Park Chung-hee]], the father of future president [[Park Geun-hye]] and former [[Empire of Japan (1868–1947)|Japanese]] collaborator, took power in a military coup. After serving for two years as chairman of the military junta, he was elected president in 1963, which is considered to be the start of the Third Republic. Park ruled as a military dictator for 18 years and sent 320,000 troops to support the [[Republic of Vietnam (1955–1975)|South Vietnamese]] puppet state in the [[Vietnam War]].

==== Korean DMZ Conflict ====
The Korean DMZ conflict was a series of low-level armed clashes between north Korean forces and the forces of south Korea and the United States, largely occurring between 1966 and 1969 at the Korean DMZ.

=== Fourth Republic (1972–1981) ===
The fourth republic was founded on the approval of the Yushin Constitution in the 1972 constitutional referendum, codifying the ''de facto'' dictatorial powers held by President Park Chung-hee. The Fourth Republic entered a period of political instability under Park's successor, Choi Kyu-hah, and the escalating martial law declared after Park's death. Choi was unofficially overthrown by [[Chun Doo-hwan]] in a coup d'état of December Twelfth in December 1979, and began the armed suppression of the [[May 18 uprising|Gwangju Democratization Movement]] against martial law.

After Park Chung-hee's assassination on 26 October 1979, General Chun Doo-hwan took power. During his presidency he perpetrated the largest massacre of Korean civilians since the Korean war. In May 1980, protests against martial law began in [[Gwangju]], which were met with special warfare troops. Estimates vary as to the amount of casualties, but they range from 165 at the most conservative, to over 300. Some also claim that up to 2,300 civilians were killed in the Gwangju massacre, in response to the May 18 uprising also known as the Gwangju uprising.<ref>{{News citation|author=K. J. Noh|newspaper=Hampton Institute|title=South Korean Dictator Dies, Western Media Resurrects a Myth|date=2020-12-02|url=https://www.hamptonthink.org/read/south-korean-dictator-dies-western-media-resurrects-a-myth|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519190752/https://www.hamptonthink.org/read/south-korean-dictator-dies-western-media-resurrects-a-myth|archive-date=2022-05-19|retrieved=2022-06-02}}</ref>

An article in The Nation states that the 10-day revolt known as the Gwangju uprising was triggered when students and other citizens protesting the military coup were attacked by airborne special forces "with a viciousness and cruelty that Koreans had not experienced since the darkest days of the Korean War." The article further states that "The armed resistance by Gwangju’s citizen militia liberated the city from the marauding troops. The townspeople, freed from decades of military rule, kept their city running, buried their dead, and transformed themselves into a self-organized system of mutual aid they now call the Gwangju Commune." On May 27 Korean Army troops were released from their usual duties on the border with DPRK to reoccupy Gwangju. The official death toll from the uprising stands at 165, but residents believe that more than 300 people were killed, with dozens still unaccounted for.<ref>Tim Shorrock and Injeong Kim. [https://www.thenation.com/article/world/two-days-in-may-that-shattered-korean-democracy/ “2 Days in May That Shattered Korean Democracy.”] The Nation. May 28, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220909162444/https://www.thenation.com/article/world/two-days-in-may-that-shattered-korean-democracy/ Archived] 2022-09-09.</ref>

The fourth republic was dissolved on the adoption of a new constitution in March 1981 and replaced with the fifth Republic of Korea.

=== Fifth Republic (1981–1987) ===
The fifth republic was established in March 1981 by Chun Doo-hwan. The fifth republic faced growing opposition from the democratization movement of the Gwangju Uprising, and the June Democracy Movement of 1987 resulted in the election of Roh Tae-woo in the December 1987 presidential election. The fifth republic was dissolved three days after the election upon the adoption of a new constitution that laid the foundations for the relatively stable democratic system of the current sixth Republic of Korea.

=== Sixth Republic (1987–present) ===
The Sixth Republic was established in 1987 with Roh Tae-woo as its first president<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=두산백과 (Doopedia)|title=제6공화국 (Sixth Republic)|url=https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1141297&cid=40942&categoryId=33385|retrieved=2022-07-24}}</ref> and sixth president of south Korea from 1988 to 1993. Roh's election was the first direct presidential election in 16 years. His presidency was followed by Kim Young-sam (in office 1993–1998), the first civilian to hold the office in over 30 years. After this came the presidency of Kim Dae-jung (in office 1998–2003), known for his "Sunshine Policy" of engagement through dialogue and economic and cultural exchanges with north Korea.<ref>{{News citation|author=Hyonhee Shin|newspaper=Reuters|title=Vindication: Architects of South Korea's 'Sunshine' policy on North say it's paying off|date=2018-06-11|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-usa-sunshinepolicy-idUSKBN1J60PP}}</ref> This was followed by the presidencies of Roh Moo-hyun (in office 2003–2008), and Lee Myung-bak (in office 2008–2013).

south Korea's next president, Park Geun-hye (in office 2013–2017), is the daughter of former dictator Park Chung-hee. Park Geun-hye was in office as the 11th president of Korea until she was impeached and convicted on corruption charges following public demonstrations, commonly known as the Candlelight Revolution or Candlelight Demonstrations. She became the first south Korean president to be removed from power by impeachment, and was sentenced to 24 years in prison, but received a pardon and was released in 2021 after serving just under 5 years.<ref>{{News citation|author=Hyonhee Shin|newspaper=Reuters|title=S.Korea's disgraced ex-president Park freed after nearly 5 years in prison|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/skoreas-disgraced-ex-president-park-freed-after-nearly-5-years-prison-2021-12-31/}}</ref> Park Geun-hye's presidency was followed by Moon Jae-in (in office 2017–2022). The 13th and current president of Korea is Yoon Suk-yeol of the conservative People Power Party.

==Politics==

=== NATO alliance ===
[[File:Mark Esper suggesting NATO for Asia.png|thumb|Mark Esper, former U.S. Secretary of Defense and Raytheon lobbyist, delivering a speech at Think Tank 2022, which was focused on issues facing the Korean peninsula. Esper stated, "It is said that the United States does not seek to build a, quote, "NATO for Asia". And I say, 'Why not?'"<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" />]]

On February 26, 2022 (KST), former U.S. Secretary of Defense and Raytheon weapons manufacturer lobbyist, Mark Esper, delivered a speech at the 4th Think Tank 2022 Forum,<ref name=":2">{{News citation|author=Dr. William Selig|newspaper=Universal Peace Federation|title=4th Think Tank 2022 Forum Features Former U.S. Secretary of Defense|date=2022-02-26|url=https://www.upf.org/peace-and-security-reports/10012-4th-think-tank-2022-forum-featured-hon-mark-esper-former-u-s-secretary-of-defense|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723061325/https://www.upf.org/peace-and-security-reports/10012-4th-think-tank-2022-forum-featured-hon-mark-esper-former-u-s-secretary-of-defense|archive-date=2022-07-23|retrieved=2022-07-23}}</ref> which is a think tank associated with Dr. Hak Ja Han Moon,<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Think Tank 2022|title=Co-Founder Dr. Hak Ja Han Moon|url=http://thinktank2022.org/founder/HakJaHanMoon.php}}</ref> the wife of late millionaire<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Celebrity Net Worth|title=Sun Myung Moon Net Worth|url=https://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-celebrities/authors/sun-myung-moon-net-worth/|quote=Sun Myung Moon was a Korean religious leader, businessman, and media mogul who had a net worth of $900 million at the time of his death. Sun Myung Moon was best known for founding the Unification movement and authoring its conservative theology of the "Divine Principle." [...] Some considered him a cult leader.}}</ref> Rev. Sun Myung Moon, founder and self-proclaimed messiah of the generally right-wing, anti-communist [[Unification Church]].<ref>{{News citation|author=Conal Urquhart|newspaper=The Guardian|title=Sun Myung Moon, founder of the Moonies, dies in South Korea|date=2012-09-03|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/03/moonies-sun-myung-moon-dies|quote=Moon saw himself as a messiah and created a church that became a worldwide movement and claims to have around 3 million members, including 100,000 in the United States. [...] He was jailed for five years by the North Korean government in 1948, but escaped in 1950 when his guards fled as United Nations troops advanced. He was an active anti-Communist throughout the cold war.}}</ref> Speaking at this event, weapons industry lobbyist Esper emphasized the need for full cooperation between the U.S., south Korea, and Japan in the face of challenges posed by north Korea and China, saying:<blockquote>It is said that the United States does not seek to build a, quote, "NATO for Asia". And I say, "Why not?" We should have lofty goals and high expectations and not let history and distance confound us. America's European allies overcame a brutal history to form a collective security arrangement to deal with Soviet Russia. There's no reason why the same can't happen in the Indo-Pacific as we increasingly face off against a recalcitrant north Korea and aggressive communist China.<ref name=":3">Esper, Mark. 4th Think Tank 2022 Forum. "Hon. Mart[sic] Esper, 27th United States Secretary of Defense keynote address." Think Tank 2022. Uploaded April 13, 2022. URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfKih9aabsk (NATO-related quote begins at 16:36)</ref></blockquote>Esper stated that he is a "big believer" in the quadrilateral security dialogue known as "The Quad" a strategic security dialogue between Australia, India, Japan, and the United States that is maintained by talks between member countries, which Esper says is "rightly viewed as a unified response to China's rising military and economic power." He states, "I believe south Korea should be the next partner to join the Quad, transitioning it into the Quint."<ref name=":3" />

The former Raytheon lobbyist and defense company Epirus Inc. board member then went on to say that "America's allies and partners need to invest at least two percent of their GDP for defense and invest in the right capabilities," listing long-range precision strike capabilities, air and missile defenses, advanced submarines, and fifth generation fighter aircraft as examples, and noting that the Republic of Korea has already met this two percent mark.<ref name=":3" /> Esper describes that these weapons investments will help the region deter Chinese and north Korean "aggression" and states that a "reinvigorated work plan with the DPRK should begin with the complete verifiable and irreversible denuclearization of the North."<ref name=":2" />

In June 2022, the south Korean president Yoon Suk-yeol declared he will participate in the 3rd [[NATO Summit]] of 2022.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Kyodo News|title=Yoon to attend NATO summit, 1st time for S. Korean president|date=2022-06-22|url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/06/968e985e4c76-yoon-to-attend-nato-summit-1st-time-for-s-korean-president.html}}</ref> The director of the National Security Office Kim Sung-han declared not much later that south Korea will establish a "diplomatic mission" to NATO in Brussels to coincide with President Yoon Suk-yeol's participation in the Summit. According to Sung-han, this mission will make south Korea "able to increase information sharing and strengthen our networks with NATO allies and partners and establish a Europe platform that is worthy of our [global] status".<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Korea JoongAng Daily|title=Korea to open diplomatic mission to NATO|date=2022-06-22|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2022/06/22/national/politics/Korea-Nato-Summit-Yoon-Sukyeol/20220622191349616.html}}</ref>

=== Unconverted long-term prisoners ===
Unconverted long-term prisoners is the north Korean term for northern loyalists imprisoned in south Korea who never renounced their support for DPRK. Many of them were arrested as spies, and some spent over 40 years in prison for their refusal to disavow the DPRK. While in prison, many of them were held in solitary confinement and subjected to extensive torture.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=BBC News|title=Solitary: Tough test of survival instinct|date=1999-02-25|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/286070.stm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725155633/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/286070.stm}}</ref> They were referred to only as "converts" and "converts-to-be", reflecting that refusal to convert was considered a non-option.<ref name=":10">Kim Dong-won. ''Repatriation'' (2003). Documentary. URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xu2mEvU29Q</ref> In the late 1990s, amnesty was declared for certain elderly and ill prisoners.
[[File:Repatriation demonstration for unconverted long-term prisoners vop.co.kr.jpg|thumb|Members of the preparatory group for the 20th anniversary of the repatriation of non-converted prisoners hold a press conference in front of the government complex in Seoul to urge the second repatriation (2020).<ref>Photo by 김철수 (Kim Cheoulsu). 민중의소리 (Voice of the People). [https://www.vop.co.kr/A00001510809.html <nowiki>인도적조치 비전향장기수 송환하라[포토] (Repatriate non-converted long-term prisoners for humanitarian measures [Photo]).</nowiki>] 2020-09-08. </ref>]]
A 1995 article by Prison Legal News stated that one such prisoner, Kim Sun Myung, "had the unhappy distinction of being the world's longest held political prisoner," having served 43 years. A steadfast communist, Kim "could have been released decades earlier had he renounced his political beliefs" but remained unconverted instead. According to Prison Legal News, "Over the years Kim was beaten, starved, tortured, threatened with execution and watched his fellow prisoners die at the hands of south Korean government agents yet he did not capitulate" and that after his release, he commented "They say that when you hammer steel, it only gets harder. Well, when you hit people, you just turn them into enemies, and they become stronger." When asked about whether his faith in communism was shaken due to to events in Eastern Europe and the development of south Korea, he was "nonplused", and upon being shown skyscrapers in Seoul, he commented: "this kind of thing doesn't impress me, because there are still a lot of poor people. These tall buildings are the labor of poor people. Did you ever see any rich people digging on a construction site? The fight against poverty goes on."<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Prison Legal News|title=World's Longest Held Political Prisoner Released|date=1995-11-15|url=https://www.prisonlegalnews.org/news/1995/nov/15/worlds-longest-held-political-prisoner-released/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725160053/https://www.prisonlegalnews.org/news/1995/nov/15/worlds-longest-held-political-prisoner-released/}}</ref>

As the unconverted long-term prisoners began to be released, many of them sought repatriation to the DPRK. Some were able to return to DPRK, notably many of them in the year 2000,<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=파이낸셜 뉴스 (Financial News)|title=북한, 비전향장기수 북송 21주년 맞아 생존 장기수들 조명 (North Korea celebrates 21st anniversary of repatriation of non-converted long-term prisoners to North Korea)|date=2021-09-06|url=https://www.fnnews.com/news/202109061041393026}}</ref> but others remain in the South, being denied their requests for repatriation.<ref>{{News citation|author=Kang Jin-kyu|newspaper=Korea JoongAng Daily|title=Spies who can't come in from the cold|date=2016-08-07|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2016/08/07/politics/Spies-who-cant-come-in-from-the-cold/3022316.html}}</ref> Those who returned to the DPRK were met with celebrations and fanfare welcoming them as heroes, while those remaining in south Korea generally live in poverty and in nursing homes, some without social security numbers.<ref name=":10" /> Some, who are native to the South, have strained relationships with their families, who may have suffered legal repercussions as a result of having a convicted spy as a family member, or for not reporting them. Those who are from the North often have no family to connect with in the South. As the prisoners tend to be elderly, many of their immediate relatives have passed away. These former unconverted political prisoners, upon being released, are also subjected to ROK state surveillance under the Security Surveillance Act. Giving examples of this, former political prisoner Anh Hak-sop explained in a 2020 ''Liberation School'' interview, "[T]here are security police who follow me. Whenever there is a problem with the North and South, they raid my house and stand guard outside my property. One time at a demonstration, conservative forces attacked me. The police did nothing to protect me. Every week or every other week, the police come to my house and ask about my activities, who has visited my house, and so on. Once every other month I need to report to them about what I did, who I met, and who visited me. Every two years I need to go to court."<ref name=":22">{{Web citation|author=Liberation School|newspaper=Liberation School|title=Still fighting for Korea’s liberation: An interview with Ahn Hak-sop|date=Jul 27, 2022|url=https://www.liberationschool.org/interview-with-ahn-hak-sop/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2/https://www.liberationschool.org/interview-with-ahn-hak-sop/}}</ref>

Additionally, many who participated in the repatriation in the year 2000 and many of those who remained in south Korea made their decisions based on their impression at the time that there was going to be more freedom of movement between ROK and DPRK thereafter. According to Ahn Hak-sop, who chose to remain in the South when the 2000 repatriation happened, said one of his reasons was that he "thought it was a temporary situation." Anh also notes that "Those comrades went to the North because they thought that shortly there would be free movement between the two states. They went to the North to study and thought they would come back later." Regarding his own intention to stay in the south temporarily, Anh elaborated: "[T]here were young progressive people here in the South, and they asked me to stay. [...] We have to keep struggling here for the withdrawal of US army, the peace treaty, and peaceful reunification. I decided to stay here to fight for these goals. In 1952, I came here to liberate the southern half of the peninsula, and I need to stay here and continue that struggle."<ref name=":22" />

Those who oppose the repatriation of these former prisoners generally do so on grounds of demanding that DPRK start repatriating people back to the south as well. In 2003, south Korean director Kim Dong-won released ''[[Repatriation (film)|Repatriation]]'', a documentary about the unconverted prisoners and their experiences, based on more than 12 years and 800 hours of filming. The film documents their views on Korea's partition, their daily hardships as they attempt to adjust to south Korean society, as well as their struggle for repatriation.<ref>Yoon, Cindy (2003-03-28), [https://asiasociety.org/kim-dong-wons-film-north-korean-prisoners-held-south-korea "Kim Dong Won's Film on North Korean Prisoners Held in South Korea"], ''Asia Society''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220725151533/https://asiasociety.org/kim-dong-wons-film-north-korean-prisoners-held-south-korea Archive link]</ref>

=== National Security Law ===
The National Security Law is a south Korean law enforced since 1948 with the avowed purpose "to secure the security of the State and the subsistence and freedom of nationals, by regulating any anticipated activities compromising the safety of the State." Behaviors or speeches in favor of the DPRK or communism can be punished by the National Security Law. In an article from The Diplomat, it was referred to as a "Cold War holdover" that "allows the government to selectively prosecute anyone who 'praises, incites or propagates the activities of an anti-government organization'" which the article describes as "a deliberately vague clause that broadly implies the north Korean state and its sympathizers." The article continues, explaining "Under Article 7, individuals have been prosecuted and imprisoned for merely possessing north Korean publications or satirically tweeting north Korean propaganda. In recent years this clause has been harshly criticized by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, who claim the government abuses the law to repress dissenting voices."<ref>{{News citation|author=Meredith Shaw and Joseph Yi.|newspaper=The Diplomat|title=Will Yoon Suk-yeol Finally Reform South Korea’s National Security Law?|date=2022-03-15|url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/03/will-yoon-suk-yeol-finally-reform-south-koreas-national-security-law/}}</ref>

=== Anti-imperialist, anti-U.S., and pro-unification struggle in south Korea ===
[[File:Unification Vanguard of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions Anti-US Demonstration.png|thumb|318x318px|The Unification Vanguard of the [[Korean Confederation of Trade Unions]] unfurls large banners reading "This land is our land, YANKEE GO HOME" and "Stop practicing for a war of aggression" in an August 2022 demonstration against US-ROK joint military exercises.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXCK3s-vic8 "23기 민주노총 중앙통일선봉대 활동영상" ("23rd KCTU Central Unification Vanguard Activity Video")]. 민주노총 (Confederation of Trade Unions). Aug 14, 2022. YouTube.</ref><ref>김준. (Kim Jun). [http://worknworld.kctu.org/news/articleView.html?idxno=500588 "쌍용훈련 재개 예고에 23기 중앙통선대, 포항 한미연합상륙훈련장 지휘소 기습점거투쟁" ("23rd Central Telecommunication Battalion, Pohang ROK-U.S. Combined Amphibious Training Center Command Post, Surprise Occupation Struggle to Announce Resumption of Ssangyong Training").] 노동과세계. 2022.08.12. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220828050027/http://worknworld.kctu.org/news/articleView.html?idxno=500588 Archived] 2022-08-28.</ref>]]

According to the People's Democracy Party (PDP), a revolutionary workers' party in south Korea, the continued U.S. military occupation of south Korea is the primary barrier to peaceful reunification of the Korean peninsula. The PDP, co-authoring a 2020 ''Liberation School'' article, writes:<blockquote>The peace of the Corean Peninsula is possible only after the withdrawal of the U.S. troops. The U.S. troops are occupation forces in South Corea and invading army to North Corea. So their withdrawal is the most desperate and preferred struggle task for the whole Corean nation to solve. The present war crisis escalating to a high level proves that peace in the Corean peninsula cannot be realized unless the U.S. troops are withdrawn from South Corea.

As long as the U.S. troops are stationed in South Corea and war exercises are conducted against North Corea, the prospect for peace is bound to be dark. We are convinced from our historical experience that if we develop the struggles for the withdrawal of the U.S. troops into a popular uprising of the South Corean people, and if the whole Corean nation can struggle together in great unity, we can withdraw the U.S. troops from South Corea.

[...] True peace is possible only without imperialism; the head of imperialism is the U.S. We have an opinion that a true peace movement should be an anti-imperialist movement and an anti-U.S. movement. We believe that the progressive and peace-loving forces of the world can and must conduct an anti-imperialist, anti-war struggle, to halt all wars in the world by U.S. troops and to withdraw all U.S. troops stationed overseas. The key is the formation of an anti-imperialist, anti-U.S. united front and anti-imperialist, anti-U.S. joint action.<ref name=":23" /></blockquote>On August 13, 2022, thousands of south Korean unionists and their progressive supporters rallied in downtown Seoul to protest against joint US-south Korea war game exercises. In a video uploaded by [[Press TV]], Oh Eun-Jung of the National Teachers Union was quoted as saying "The threat of nuclear war is growing on the Korean peninsula, conservative forces of Yoon Suk-yeol in south Korea and those in the U.S. are frantically conducting aggressive war drills in the sky, the land, and the sea, and are about to start large-scale military exercises, aimed at the invasion of north Korea. We must stamp out this behavior of anti-reunification forces." In the same video, construction worker Lee Seung-Woo stated, "We not only oppose the war exercises, but we want the U.S. Forces Korea, which is actually controlling and interfering with the Korean peninsula to leave this land. We believe that only then will the eighty million Koreans from both north and south be able to live peacefully."<ref>Frank Smith. [https://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2022/08/13/687322/South-Korean-unionists-protest-US-South-Korea-war-games “‘South Korean Unionists Protest US-South Korea War Games.’”] PressTV News. August 13, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220826124551/https://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2022/08/13/687322/South-Korean-unionists-protest-US-South-Korea-war-games Archived] 2022-08-28.</ref>

The media company [[Sovereignty Broadcast]] (Korean: 주권방송), additionally going by the name 615tv on some of its social media accounts, uploads educational and informative videos its to YouTube page regarding the peace and unification struggle in Korea. According to the channel's about page, it is an internet media company that deals with peace and unification on the Korean Peninsula and various current affairs topics in Korea.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/c/The615tv/about About Sovereignty Broadcast]. Sovereignty Broadcast. YouTube.</ref>

=== Censorship ===
Until 1973, images of [[Kim Il-sung]] were banned in south Korea. The southern secret police falsely claimed that Kim was an impostor who had not been involved in the guerrilla resistance against Japan. In 1989, the police state arrested an average of 3.3 Koreans every day under anti-communist censorship laws. Many [[Anti-capitalism|anti-capitalist]] books are banned, even some by non-[[Marxism|Marxists]]. In 2011, southern authorities deleted over 67,000 internet posts that were critical of the ROK or United States. Left-wing music such as the ''Song of the Red Flag'' (which is even used by the [[Social democracy|social democratic]] [[Labour Party (UK)|UK Labour Party]]) is also illegal under the National Security Law.<ref name=":1103">{{Citation|author=Stephen Gowans|year=2018|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom|chapter=The Anti-Communist Police State|page=136–145|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf|city=Montreal|publisher=Baraka Books|isbn=9781771861427|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref>

==Rising anti-capitalism==
In recent years, the term '''"'''[[Hell Joseon]]" or "Hell Korea" (Korean: 헬조선) has become popular to describe the social anxiety and discontent surrounding high unemployment and poor working conditions.<ref>[http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/739886.html Lashing out at “Hell Joseon”, young’uns drive ruling party’s election beatdown]</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/young-south-koreans-call-their-country-hell-and-look-for-ways-out/2016/01/30/34737c06-b967-11e5-85cd-5ad59bc19432_story.html Young South Koreans call their country ‘hell’ and look for ways out] by the [[Washington Post]]</ref>

south Korean media has also increasingly included narratives of class antagonism which have been popular successes for Western audiences, with films such as ''Snowpiercer'' (2013)<ref>[https://newmultitude.org/snowpiercer-class-consciousness/ THE TRAIN IS CAPITALISM- SNOWPIERCER AND CLASS CONSCIOUNESS]</ref> and ''Parasite'' (2019)<ref>[https://medium.com/incluvie/parasite-and-capitalism-what-the-film-says-about-the-pursuit-of-wealth-993fa7ce7ee1 Parasite and Capitalism: What the Film Says About the Pursuit of Wealth]</ref> and the popular TV show ''Squid Game'' (2021).<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/squid-game-the-rise-of-anti-capitalist-entertainment/ar-AAPaOHG Squid Game & The Rise Of Anti-Capitalist Entertainment]</ref><ref>[https://www.gen-zine.com/post/thesquidgame “The Squid Game”: Anti-Capitalism and Netflix]</ref><ref>[https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/elaminabdelmahmoud/squid-game-netflix-review-lupin-international “Squid Game” Works Because Capitalism Is A Global Scourge]</ref>

With increasing economic stratification, social [[alienation]], and lack of opportunity among young people entering the work force, south Korea has a rate of mental health issues and suicide that is among the highest in the developed world.<ref>{{News citation|author=Katrin Park|newspaper=Foreign Policy|title=South Korea Is No Country for Young People|date=2021-10-5|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/11/05/south-korea-suicide-rates-mental-illness-squid-game/}}</ref> This undoubtedly is resulting in the development of [[class consciousness]].

The [[bourgeois media]] (in south Korea and in the US) carefully ensures that all criticism of capitalism stops just short of providing concrete solutions, lest people become interested in [[socialism]] and its [[Successes of socialism|various successes around the world]].

Labor militancy is also on the rise as 500k south Korean workers walked off in a one-day [[general strike]], protesting against rampant [[exploitation]] by the [[Gig worker|gig economy]], high costs of housing, and the highest annual working hours in the OECD.<ref>[https://therealnews.com/half-a-million-south-korean-workers-walk-off-jobs-in-general-strike HALF A MILLION SOUTH KOREAN WORKERS WALK OFF JOBS IN GENERAL STRIKE] on [https://therealnews.com/half-a-million-south-korean-workers-walk-off-jobs-in-general-strike The Real News Network]</ref>

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Illegal states]]
[[Category:Global north]]
[[Category:Puppet states]]
[[Category:Neocolonial outposts]]
[[Category:Asian countries]]

Socialist Labour Party (UK)

2022-12-01T14:38:29Z

Brit commie: add links to other organisations

{{Infobox political party|name=Socialist Labour Party|logo=Socialist Labour Party logo.png|founded=24 June 1996|president=John Tyrrell|general_secretary=Kathrine Jones|leader1_title=Party Leader|leader1_name=Arthur Scargill|membership_year=2019|membership=315<ref>{{News citation|author=John Harris|date=2014-02-28|title=In search of Arthur Scargill: 30 years after the miners'strike|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/feb/28/in-search-of-arthur-scargill-miners-strike|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref>|political_orientation=[[Socialism]] [[Euroscepticism]] [[Republicanism]]|website=https://www.socialistlabourparty.org/}}

The '''Socialist Labour Party (SLP)''' is a [[Socialist]] and [[European Union|Euroskeptic]] party in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]].<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Socialist Labour Party|title=Polices|url=https://www.socialistlabourparty.org/policies|retrieved=2022-7-25}}</ref>

In 2004, five members of the SLP's National Executive Committee and the entire Executive Committee of the Yorkshire region were expelled.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Proletarian|title=An exposure of the shameful, unconstitutional and anti-communist behaviour of Arthur Scargill and his flunkeys|date=2004-08|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=16}}</ref> These members would go on to found the [[Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)]].

In 2022, [[Chris Williamson]], the founder of the [[Resist Movement]],<ref>https://resistmovement.org.uk/steering-group/</ref> recommended members of Resist as well as readers of the ''[[Morning Star]]'' to join the SLP, viewing it as the "vanguard political party" Britain desperately needed.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Chris Williamson|newspaper=Morning Star|title=It is time to back a new party in the elections|date=2022-09-22|url=https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/it-time-back-new-party-elections|retrieved=2022-12-01}}</ref> The SLP considers itself to be a [[Marxist]] party.<ref name=":0">{{News citation|date=2004-08|title=Formation of the CPGB-ML|url=https://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=10|newspaper=Proletarian}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Socialist political parties]]

The Communists

2022-12-01T13:58:05Z

Brit commie: add redirect; the CPGB-ML's paper is hosted on its website, The Communists

#REDIRECT [[Proletarian (newspaper)]]

Identity politics

2022-11-17T21:42:42Z

Brit commie: slightly expand the introduction

{{Stub}}
'''Identity politics''' (shortened as '''IdPol''') is politics centered around identity groups, rather than focusing on class struggle. Communists reject [[reactionary]] identity politics due to its focus on individual over collective experience.<ref>{{Citation|author=CPB Executive Committee|year=2020|title=Britain’s road to socialism|title-url=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|pdf=https://yclbritain.files.wordpress.com/2020/06/britains_road_to_socialism.pdf|publisher=Manifesto Press Cooperative|isbn=978-1-907464-43-0|page=39|chapter=The labour and progressive movements|quote=Analysis of structural inequality is being replaced by some with reactionary identity politics which emphasise the individual over collective experience.|section=Progressive movements and alliances}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Citation|author=Various authors|year=2019|title=Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend: Where is LGBT Ideology Taking Us?|chapter=Identity politics or class politics?|page=58|pdf=https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/TransgenderTrend_read.pdf|city=|publisher=|isbn=978-1-913286-00-2|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=|quote=The need to carry out our work and make the best of whatever resources we have available to us – to do our duty to the working class and to the revolution – takes precedence over all our needs and preferences as individuals. It is a sign of how muddied our waters have become by individualism and the politics of identity that this should even need to be stated.|section=Equal rights and the hierarchy of pain}}</ref> This is based on the idea that the masses must be emancipated before the individual.<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Joseph Stalin]]|year=1906|title=Anarchism Or Socialism?|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1906/12/x01.htm|quote=The cornerstone of anarchism is the individual, whose emancipation, according to its tenets, is the principal condition for the emancipation of the masses, the collective body. [...] The cornerstone of Marxism, however, is the masses, whose emancipation, according to its tenets, is the principal condition for the emancipation of the individual. That is to say, according to the tenets of Marxism, the emancipation of the individual is impossible until the masses are emancipated.|mia=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1906/12/x01.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=Various authors|year=2019|title=Identity Politics and the Transgender Trend: Where is LGBT Ideology Taking Us?|chapter=Identity politics: a liberal ideology|page=38-39|pdf=https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/s3.cpgb-ml.org/TransgenderTrend_read.pdf|city=|publisher=|isbn=978-1-913286-00-2|doi=|lg=|mia=|title-url=|chapter-url=|trans-title=|trans-lang=|quote=|section=Faking ‘progressive’: the petty-bourgeois mindset}}</ref>

Identity politics is purely concentrated on the [[Base and superstructure|superstructure]], meaning they ignore the origins of the antagonisms between identities, and ignore class struggle as a result. Identity politics has been utilised by liberals, and liberal theories such as [[intersectionality]] were created.

<references />