ProleWiki - User contributions [en]

Ibrahim Traoré

2024-12-06T16:58:51Z

Thisguy78: Added more info about the Burkinabé government including Ibrahim Traoré.

{{Infobox politician|name=Ibrahim Traoré|image_size=200|birth_date=1988|birth_place=Bondokuy, [[Burkina Faso]]|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]] [[Sankarism]] [[Communitarianism]] [[Pan-Africanism]]|image=Ibrahim Traore.png}}

'''Ibrahim Traoré''' (born c. 1988) is a Burkinabè military officer who has served as the leader of Burkina Faso since September 2022. He is the youngest current head of state in the world. He has pledged to stop extremism and [[corruption]] and completely change the system of government and is inspired by [[Thomas Sankara]].

Traoré led a coup against [[Paul-Henri Damiba]], another military leader who failed to stop [[jihadism]]. "Jihadism" has been a long-time excuse for the French to justify continued involvement in the Sahel.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Vijay Prashad|newspaper=peoples dispatch|title=Burkina Faso ejects French troops|date=2023-01-25|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2023/01/25/burkina-faso-ejects-french-troops/|retrieved=2024-03-13|quote=France originally entered the Sahel to allegedly prevent the southern movement of jihadist elements strengthened by the NATO-led war in Libya}}</ref> Traoré's time in power has seen major rollbacks in French [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] influence over the Sahel region. Traoré's government, along with the anti-French coup governments in [[Republic of the Niger|Niger]] and [[Republic of Mali|Mali]], has kicked out French troops<ref name=":0" />, made deals with Russian private military contractors (PMCs)<ref>{{Web citation|author=Sophie Douce|newspaper=Le Monde|title=Au Burkina Faso, le capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, le président énigmatique qui défie la France|date=2023-05-30|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/05/30/au-burkina-faso-le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-le-president-enigmatique-qui-defie-la-france_6175485_3212.html|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref>, and formed an anti-ECOWAS bloc in defiance of French interests in the [[CFA franc]] zone.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Mali Bamako|newspaper=WION|title=Explained {{!}} Military-ruled former French colonies forge NATO-style Alliance of Sahel States|date=2023-09-17|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-nato-style-alliance-of-sahel-states-forged-by-military-ruled-former-french-colonies-636792|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref> In July 2023, he visited [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and praised the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] for defeating [[German Reich (1933–1945)|Nazi Germany]]. He appointed [[Apollinaire Tambèla]], an ally of Sankara, as prime minister. Tambèla met with [[Nicolás Maduro]] and [[Daniel Ortega]] and praised [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Burkina Faso’s new president condemns imperialism, quotes Che Guevara, allies with Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba|date=2023-07-31|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/07/30/burkina-faso-ibrahim-traore-sankara-imperialism/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has pushed for food self-sufficiency in Burkina Faso. <ref>https://precel.bf/en/food-self-sufficiency-in-burkina-faso-captain-traore-hands-over-agricultural-equipment-to-boost-production/</ref> This is based upon Thomas Sankara’s principle of "Let us produce for ourselves and consume what we produce." This quote is used explicitly in Burkinabé government sites. <ref>https://apec.bf/</ref>

Additionally, Ibrahim Traoré has attacked the bourgeoisie that benefit off of imperialism: "This system, which we will describe as imperialist, only enriches the small minority we call the bourgeoisie and impoverishes the popular masses. So there is an imbalance." <ref>https://faso7.com/2023/06/12/capitaine-ibrahim-traore-lactionnariat-populaire-une-nouvelle-page-de-notre-histoire/</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has also pushed for Burkinabé communitarianism through cooperatives/community enterprises. These enterprises are based on the principle of investing what you can on an entrepreneurial project to get shares in it. It is seen by some as an alternative to capitalism.<ref>https://x.com/marcus_herve/status/1862139840189346176?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1863630376884900061?s=46</ref>

This is called popular shareholding and it is used by the Burkinabé authorities to promote workers power/popular power while also promoting employment, endogenous development, and food self-sufficiency. <ref>https://www.finances.gov.bf/forum/detail-actualites?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=927&cHash=265e2b64e89f98f442b28462cec31b37</ref>

The government of Ibrahim Traoré has also done many nationalizations. For example, the Burkinabé government has nationalized the sugar sector, gold mines, the livestock industry, the cattle industry, and a Libyan bank. <ref>https://mronline.org/2024/09/13/burkina-faso-nationalizes-uk-goldmines/</ref><ref>https://libyaobserver.ly/inbrief/burkina-faso-nationalizes-libyan-arab-bank-commerce-and-development</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1720111447131230350?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/cecild84/status/1859396156129726744?s=46</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré and the government of Burkina Faso has also promoted Pan-Africanism and Pan-Africanist unity between African countries against Western imperialism and neocolonialism.<ref>https://keepingham.com/le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-lheritier-du-panafricanisme/</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré and the Burkinabé government wish for an eventual federation between Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso.<ref>https://burkina24.com/2024/11/12/le-premier-ministre-a-ladministrateur-de-la-bad-representant-le-burkina-faso-les-pays-africains-doivent-regarder-dans-la-meme-direction/</ref> In the same article the Prime Minister of Burkina Faso, Apollinaire J. Kyélem de Tambèla also stated that he wished to make healthcare and education accessible to all while citing Nicaragua as an example of this.

The government of Burkina Faso has taken inspiration from countries, such as Nicaragua, Cuba, and Venezuela in their ongoing battles against Western imperialism.<ref>https://www.zoodomail.com/node/1289</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Anti-imperialist rulers]]
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Traoré, Ibrahim}}

Ibrahim Traoré

2024-12-03T05:55:22Z

Thisguy78: Giving the viewpoint of people regarding popular shareholding.

{{Infobox politician|name=Ibrahim Traoré|image_size=200|birth_date=1988|birth_place=Bondokuy, [[Burkina Faso]]|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]] [[Sankarism]] [[Communitarianism]]|image=Ibrahim Traore.png}}

'''Ibrahim Traoré''' (born c. 1988) is a Burkinabè military officer who has served as the leader of Burkina Faso since September 2022. He is the youngest current head of state in the world. He has pledged to stop extremism and [[corruption]] and completely change the system of government and is inspired by [[Thomas Sankara]].

Traoré led a coup against [[Paul-Henri Damiba]], another military leader who failed to stop [[jihadism]]. "Jihadism" has been a long-time excuse for the French to justify continued involvement in the Sahel.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Vijay Prashad|newspaper=peoples dispatch|title=Burkina Faso ejects French troops|date=2023-01-25|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2023/01/25/burkina-faso-ejects-french-troops/|retrieved=2024-03-13|quote=France originally entered the Sahel to allegedly prevent the southern movement of jihadist elements strengthened by the NATO-led war in Libya}}</ref> Traoré's time in power has seen major rollbacks in French [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] influence over the Sahel region. Traoré's government, along with the anti-French coup governments in [[Republic of the Niger|Niger]] and [[Republic of Mali|Mali]], has kicked out French troops<ref name=":0" />, made deals with Russian private military contractors (PMCs)<ref>{{Web citation|author=Sophie Douce|newspaper=Le Monde|title=Au Burkina Faso, le capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, le président énigmatique qui défie la France|date=2023-05-30|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/05/30/au-burkina-faso-le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-le-president-enigmatique-qui-defie-la-france_6175485_3212.html|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref>, and formed an anti-ECOWAS bloc in defiance of French interests in the [[CFA franc]] zone.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Mali Bamako|newspaper=WION|title=Explained {{!}} Military-ruled former French colonies forge NATO-style Alliance of Sahel States|date=2023-09-17|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-nato-style-alliance-of-sahel-states-forged-by-military-ruled-former-french-colonies-636792|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref> In July 2023, he visited [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and praised the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] for defeating [[German Reich (1933–1945)|Nazi Germany]]. He appointed [[Apollinaire Tambèla]], an ally of Sankara, as prime minister. Tambèla met with [[Nicolás Maduro]] and [[Daniel Ortega]] and praised [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Burkina Faso’s new president condemns imperialism, quotes Che Guevara, allies with Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba|date=2023-07-31|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/07/30/burkina-faso-ibrahim-traore-sankara-imperialism/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has pushed for food self-sufficiency in Burkina Faso. <ref>https://precel.bf/en/food-self-sufficiency-in-burkina-faso-captain-traore-hands-over-agricultural-equipment-to-boost-production/</ref> This is based upon Thomas Sankara’s principle of "Let us produce for ourselves and consume what we produce." This quote is used explicitly in Burkinabé government sites. <ref>https://apec.bf/</ref>

Additionally, Ibrahim Traoré has attacked the bourgeoisie that benefit off of imperialism: "This system, which we will describe as imperialist, only enriches the small minority we call the bourgeoisie and impoverishes the popular masses. So there is an imbalance." <ref>https://faso7.com/2023/06/12/capitaine-ibrahim-traore-lactionnariat-populaire-une-nouvelle-page-de-notre-histoire/</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has also pushed for Burkinabé communitarianism through cooperatives/community enterprises. These enterprises are based on the principle of investing what you can on an entrepreneurial project to get shares in it. It is seen by some as an alternative to capitalism.<ref>https://x.com/marcus_herve/status/1862139840189346176?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1863630376884900061?s=46</ref>

This is called popular shareholding and it is used by the Burkinabé authorities to promote workers power/popular power while also promoting employment, endogenous development, and food self-sufficiency. <ref>https://www.finances.gov.bf/forum/detail-actualites?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=927&cHash=265e2b64e89f98f442b28462cec31b37</ref>

The government of Ibrahim Traoré has also done many nationalizations. For example, the Burkinabé government has nationalized the sugar sector, gold mines, the livestock industry, the cattle industry, and a Libyan bank. <ref>https://mronline.org/2024/09/13/burkina-faso-nationalizes-uk-goldmines/</ref><ref>https://libyaobserver.ly/inbrief/burkina-faso-nationalizes-libyan-arab-bank-commerce-and-development</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1720111447131230350?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/cecild84/status/1859396156129726744?s=46</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Anti-imperialist rulers]]
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Traoré, Ibrahim}}

Ibrahim Traoré

2024-12-03T03:17:19Z

Thisguy78: Added more info about the Burkinabé government including Ibrahim Traoré.

{{Infobox politician|name=Ibrahim Traoré|image_size=200|birth_date=1988|birth_place=Bondokuy, [[Burkina Faso]]|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]] [[Sankarism]] [[Communitarianism]]|image=Ibrahim Traore.png}}

'''Ibrahim Traoré''' (born c. 1988) is a Burkinabè military officer who has served as the leader of Burkina Faso since September 2022. He is the youngest current head of state in the world. He has pledged to stop extremism and [[corruption]] and completely change the system of government and is inspired by [[Thomas Sankara]].

Traoré led a coup against [[Paul-Henri Damiba]], another military leader who failed to stop [[jihadism]]. "Jihadism" has been a long-time excuse for the French to justify continued involvement in the Sahel.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Vijay Prashad|newspaper=peoples dispatch|title=Burkina Faso ejects French troops|date=2023-01-25|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2023/01/25/burkina-faso-ejects-french-troops/|retrieved=2024-03-13|quote=France originally entered the Sahel to allegedly prevent the southern movement of jihadist elements strengthened by the NATO-led war in Libya}}</ref> Traoré's time in power has seen major rollbacks in French [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] influence over the Sahel region. Traoré's government, along with the anti-French coup governments in [[Republic of the Niger|Niger]] and [[Republic of Mali|Mali]], has kicked out French troops<ref name=":0" />, made deals with Russian private military contractors (PMCs)<ref>{{Web citation|author=Sophie Douce|newspaper=Le Monde|title=Au Burkina Faso, le capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, le président énigmatique qui défie la France|date=2023-05-30|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/05/30/au-burkina-faso-le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-le-president-enigmatique-qui-defie-la-france_6175485_3212.html|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref>, and formed an anti-ECOWAS bloc in defiance of French interests in the [[CFA franc]] zone.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Mali Bamako|newspaper=WION|title=Explained {{!}} Military-ruled former French colonies forge NATO-style Alliance of Sahel States|date=2023-09-17|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-nato-style-alliance-of-sahel-states-forged-by-military-ruled-former-french-colonies-636792|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref> In July 2023, he visited [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and praised the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] for defeating [[German Reich (1933–1945)|Nazi Germany]]. He appointed [[Apollinaire Tambèla]], an ally of Sankara, as prime minister. Tambèla met with [[Nicolás Maduro]] and [[Daniel Ortega]] and praised [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Burkina Faso’s new president condemns imperialism, quotes Che Guevara, allies with Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba|date=2023-07-31|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/07/30/burkina-faso-ibrahim-traore-sankara-imperialism/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has pushed for food self-sufficiency in Burkina Faso. <ref>https://precel.bf/en/food-self-sufficiency-in-burkina-faso-captain-traore-hands-over-agricultural-equipment-to-boost-production/</ref> This is based upon Thomas Sankara’s principle of "Let us produce for ourselves and consume what we produce." This quote is used explicitly in Burkinabé government sites. <ref>https://apec.bf/</ref>

Additionally, Ibrahim Traoré has attacked the bourgeoisie that benefit off of imperialism: "This system, which we will describe as imperialist, only enriches the small minority we call the bourgeoisie and impoverishes the popular masses. So there is an imbalance." <ref>https://faso7.com/2023/06/12/capitaine-ibrahim-traore-lactionnariat-populaire-une-nouvelle-page-de-notre-histoire/</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has also pushed for Burkinabé communitarianism through cooperatives/community enterprises. These enterprises are based on the principle of investing what you can on an entrepreneurial project to get shares in it. It is seen as an alternative to traditional capitalism.<ref>https://x.com/marcus_herve/status/1862139840189346176?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1863630376884900061?s=46</ref>

This is called popular shareholding and it is used by the Burkinabé authorities to promote workers power/popular power while also promoting employment, endogenous development, and food self-sufficiency. <ref>https://www.finances.gov.bf/forum/detail-actualites?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=927&cHash=265e2b64e89f98f442b28462cec31b37</ref>

The government of Ibrahim Traoré has also done many nationalizations. For example, the Burkinabé government has nationalized the sugar sector, gold mines, the livestock industry, the cattle industry, and a Libyan bank. <ref>https://mronline.org/2024/09/13/burkina-faso-nationalizes-uk-goldmines/</ref><ref>https://libyaobserver.ly/inbrief/burkina-faso-nationalizes-libyan-arab-bank-commerce-and-development</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1720111447131230350?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/cecild84/status/1859396156129726744?s=46</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Anti-imperialist rulers]]
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Traoré, Ibrahim}}

Republic of Honduras

2024-12-03T03:03:19Z

Thisguy78: Libre/Libertad y Refundación identify as Democratic Socialists.

{{Infobox country|name=Republic of Honduras|native_name=República de Honduras|image_flag=Honduran flag.svg|image_coat=Honduran COA.svg|capital=[[Tegucigalpa]]|largest_city=[[Tegucigalpa]]|mode_of_production=Capitalism (ruled by a [[socialist]] party)|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=Xiomara Castro|image_map=Honduras map.png|map_width=290|official_languages=Spanish|area_km2=112,492|population_estimate=10,278,345|population_estimate_year=2021}}

'''Honduras''', officially the '''Republic of Honduras''', is a country in [[Central America]]. It borders [[Republic of Guatemala|Guatemala]] to the west, [[Republic of El Salvador|El Salvador]] to the southwest, and [[Republic of Nicaragua|Nicaragua]] to the southeast with a coast on the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the south and the Caribbean Sea to the north. It is currently led by the left-leaning government [[Xiomara Castro]], a member of the [[Liberty and Refoundation Party]].<ref name=":0" />

== History ==

=== Early history ===
Honduras was the home of several Mesoamerican cultures, most notably the Maya, prior to [[Monarchy of Spain (1516–1700)|Spanish]] [[Colonialism|colonization]] in the 16th century.

Due to colonialism, Roman Catholicism and the Spanish language are dominant and have blended with indigenous culture.

=== U.S. invasions ===
The [[United States of America|United States]] invaded Honduras eight times: 1903, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1919, 1920, 1924, and 1925. By 1913, the banana oligarchs [[Samuel Zemurray]] and the Vacarro brothers controlled two-thirds of the country's exports. They bought land and railroads, established [[Bank|banking]] systems, and bribed the government. In 1914, the leading corporations occupied almost a million acres of the most fertile land. U.S. dollars became legal tender in 1918.<ref name=":0222">{{Citation|author=David Vine|year=2020|title=The United States of War|chapter=The Military Opens Doors|page=210–5|city=Oakland|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520972070|lg=http://library.lol/main/191568BFAC73F009132DB00ECD0F0F05}}</ref>

=== U.S. puppet state ===
In the early 1980s, the United States opened a military base in Honduras with thousands of troops to organize attacks against El Salvador and Guatemala. The USA trained and armed the Honduran military and police to target leftists.<ref>{{Citation|author=William Blum|year=2002|title=Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower|chapter=A Concise History of United States Global Interventions,
1945 to the Present|isbn=9781842772201|publisher=Zed Books Ltd|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=29EED3C6906FF165E08303B9EAF66B4F|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzacedas5bwprytpzcih6tof3ipede5uzmcvt47tfzwp4cptdau6vmjpy?filename=William%20Blum%20-%20Rogue%20State_%20A%20Guide%20to%20the%20World%27s%20Only%20Superpower-Zed%20Books%20Ltd%20%282002%29.pdf|page=125–126}}</ref>

During this period, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] supported the Honduran death squad Battalion 316, which tortured and killed hundreds of civilians. The [[Contras]] were also based in Honduras and were trained by the CIA to fight the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Sandinistas]] in Nicaragua.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Constantine Report|title=Torture at CIA Battalion 316|url=https://constantinereport.com/torture-at-cia-battalion-316/}}</ref>

In 2009, right-wing drug dealer [[Juan Orlando Hernández]] (JOH) took power in a military coup with U.S. support. Hernández recognized the U.S. puppet [[Juan Guaidó]] as the president of [[Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela|Venezuela]] and trafficked tons of cocaine.<ref>{{News citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]|title=How Trump and John Bolton attempted a coup in Venezuela|date=2022-07-14|url=https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/14/trump-john-bolton-coup-venezuela/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718213517/https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/14/trump-john-bolton-coup-venezuela/|archive-date=2022-07-18|retrieved=2022-07-26}}</ref>

=== Left-wing government ===
In 2021, Xiomara Castro of the Liberty and Refoundation Party won the presidential election.<ref name=":0">{{News citation|journalist=|date=2021-11-29|title=Left-wing candidate Xiomara Castro all set to become Honduras’ next president|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2021/11/29/left-wing-candidate-xiomara-castro-all-set-to-become-honduras-next-president/|newspaper=People's Dispatch|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref> She is the wife of former president [[Manuel Zelaya]] who was deposed in the US-backed coup in 2009.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=Bill Van Auken|date=2019-06-28|title=Ten years since the US-backed coup in Honduras|url=https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2019/06/28/pers-j28.html|newspaper=[[World Socialist Web Site]]|archive-url=|archive-date=|retrieved=}}</ref>

A year after the left-wing victory, the US [[Imperialism|imperialists]] nominally withdrew support for the previous right-wing narco-dictator puppet Juan Orlando Hernández in an attempt to appear impartial towards international drug trafficking. In reality, this is another example of an imperial puppet's usefulness being outlived, and the imperialists stabbing their asset in the back.<ref>{{News citation|journalist=[[Benjamin Norton]]|title=Biden admin slaps Honduran narco-dictator on wrist... after supporting him|url=https://youtu.be/HzLV0n_mBdE|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]}}</ref>

In 2023, the Honduran government stopped recognizing the [[Republic of China]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Taiwan separatists lose key ally, Honduras recognizes China – just 12 small countries remain|date=2023-03-16|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/03/16/taiwan-honduras-china-12-countries/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323232916/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/03/16/taiwan-honduras-china-12-countries/|archive-date=2023-03-23|retrieved=2023-03-31}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Central American countries]]
[[Category:Global south]]
[[Category:Latin American countries]]
[[Category:North American countries]]
[[Category:Countries invaded by the United States]]

Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

2024-12-03T02:55:20Z

Thisguy78: KP Oli is a part of the leading UML party in Nepal that is Marxist-Leninist and he has said he is a socialist/Marxist-Leninist.

{{Infobox country
| name = Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
| native_name = सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल
| image_coat = Emblem of Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.svg.png
| coa_size = 120px
| image_flag = Flag of Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.svg.png
| flag_size = 80px
| symbol_type = Emblem
| image_map = Nepal map.png
| map_width = 290px
| capital = [[Kathmandu]]
| largest_city = [[Kathmandu]]
|mode_of_production=Capitalism (ruled by a [[socialist]] party)| government_type =Federal parliamentary republic
| population_estimate = 31,122,387
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| leader_title1 = President
| leader_name1 = [[Ram Chandra Poudel]]
| leader_title2 = Vice President
| leader_name2 = [[Ram Sahaya Yadav]]
| leader_title3 = Prime Minister
| leader_name3 = [[KP Sharma Oli]]
| leader_title4 = Chief Justice
| leader_name4 = [[Bishowambhar Prasad Shrestha]]
| official_languages = Nepali
|demonym=Nepali Nepalese| area_km2 = 147,516}}
'''Nepal''', officially the '''Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal''', is a landlocked country in [[South Asia]] situated in the [[Himalayas]]. It borders [[People's Republic of China|China]] to the north and [[Republic of India|India]] to the south but is also narrowly separated from [[Kingdom of Bhutan|Bhutan]] and [[People's Republic of Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] by a narrow corridor of Indian land.

==History==

=== Kingdom of Nepal ===
In 1769, Nepal was united under the Hindu Shah dynasty. After being defeated by the [[British East India Company]], Nepal became a [[British]] protectorate. In 1846, most of the royal family was killed in the Kot massacre and military administrator [[Jang Bahadur Rana]] took power, establishing the Rana dynasty. The Rana dynasty was a constitutional monarchy and it assisted the British in their invasions of [[Tibet]] and [[Afghanistan]] and in the [[First World War]]. During this period, land was given to private owners and Nepal became a [[Feudalism|feudal]] country. In the 1920s, the British recognized Nepal as an independent state.<ref name=":0" />

The Rana dynasty ended in 1951 when King [[Tribhuvan]] fled to India. After an armed conflict began, India intervened and established a provisional government that included members of the royal family. In March 1951, Tribhuvan was given the ability to issue edicts, and full executive power was given to the king in September 1952. Tribhuvan died in 1955 and was succeeded by [[Mahendra]], who ruled until 1971. In 1959, Mahendra allowed elections to held, which were won by the [[Nepali Congress]]. In 1960, King Mahendra dissolved the parliament and returned to being an absolute monarch.<ref name=":0" />

=== Contemporary history ===
In 1990, a new constitution was adopted that established an elected government and limited the powers of the monarch.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Spyros Sakellaropoulos|year=2011|title=On the Causes of the Civil War in Nepal and the Role of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)|title-url=https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/clogic/article/view/190926/188505|page=1–9}}</ref> After years of struggle against the monarchy culminating in a [[2006 Nepalese revolution|revolution in 2006]], led principally by the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]] (CPN (UML)) and what is now the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)]] (CPN (MC)), in 2008 Nepal became a federal republic following pressure by the Nepalese Maoists.<ref>{{News citation|newspaper=Reuters|title=Nepal abolishes centuries-old Hindu monarchy|date=2008-05-29|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nepal-king-idUSISL5996320080529|retrieved=2022-05-28}}</ref><ref>{{News citation|newspaper=National Public Radio (NPR)|title=Nepal to abolish monarchy|date=2007-12-24|url=https://www.npr.org/2007/12/24/17576006/nepal-to-abolish-monarchy}}</ref>

== Politics ==
Nepal's politics is dominated by a number of [[Maoism|Maoist]] parties, most notably the CPN (UML) and CPN (MC), with CPN (UML) chairman [[K. P. Sharma Oli]] currently holding the position of Prime Minister. However, despite holding a large percentage of parliamentary power for over a decade the Maoists have so far failed to turn Nepal into a [[socialist state]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=Khagendra Prasai|newspaper=Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung|title=Is Marxism Alive in Nepal?|date=2023-11-13|url=https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/51228/is-marxism-alive-in-nepal}}</ref>

==References==
[[Category:Countries]]
[[Category:Asian countries]]
<references />

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

2024-12-03T02:52:16Z

Thisguy78: The NPP/JVP are socialist with the JVP leading the NPP and being explicitly Marxist-Leninist. Additionally, both support a Vietnamese style socialist-market-economy.

{{Infobox country|name=Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka|native_name=ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය இலங்கை சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசு|image_flag=Flag of sri lanka.png|image_coat=Emblem of Sri Lanka.svg.png|largest_city=[[Colombo]]|mode_of_production=[[Capitalism]] (ruled by a [[socialist]] party)|government_type=Unitary semi-presidential bourgeois republic|leader_title1=President|leader_name1=[[Anura Kumara Dissanayake]]|leader_title2=Prime Minister|leader_name2=[[Harini Amarasuriya]]|leader_title3=Speaker of the Parliament|leader_name3=[[Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena]]|leader_title4=Chief Justice|leader_name4=[[Jayantha Jayasuriya]]|image_map=Sri Lanka map.png|map_width=290|official_languages=Sinhala Tamil|demonym=Sri Lankan|area_km2=65,610|population_estimate=22,037,000|population_estimate_year=2022}}

'''Sri Lanka''', officially the '''Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka''' and formerly known as '''Ceylon''', is an island country in [[South Asia]]. It is located in the Indian Ocean, separated from [[Republic of India|India]] to the northwest by the [[Gulf of Mannar]] and the [[Palk Strait]]. In spite of its official name, it is not a [[socialist state]].

== History ==

=== Ancient history ===
Tamils and Sinhalese have lived in Sri Lanka for thousands of years. Around 500 BCE, Prince Vijaya and the ancestors of the Sinhala arrived from India.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=Ravindran|year=2009|title=Tamil Eelam Struggle and its Lessons|pdf=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301173153/http://www.bannedthought.net/SriLanka/Foreign/PT7-TamilEelamLessons.pdf|publisher=People's Truth}}</ref> In the first century CE, the [[Anuradhapura Kingdom (437 BCE–1017 CE)|Anuradhapura Kingdom]] had an ambassador to the [[Roman Empire (27 BCE–395 CE)|Roman Empire]]. The island was united under one kingdom in the 11th century but was divided into three kingdoms by the time the [[Kingdom of Portugal (1139–1910)|Portuguese]] arrived in 1505.<ref name=":2">{{News citation|newspaper=International Communist Union|title=#77 - Sri Lanka - the poisoned legacy of British colonial rule|url=https://www.union-communiste.org/en/internationalist-communist-forum/77-sri-lanka-the-poisoned-legacy-of-british-colonial-rule|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121084900/https://www.union-communiste.org/en/internationalist-communist-forum/77-sri-lanka-the-poisoned-legacy-of-british-colonial-rule|archive-date=2020-11-21|retrieved=2022-06-16}}</ref>

=== Colonization ===
In 1619, the Portuguese annexed the Jaffna Kingdom after defeating its king and forced the native population to convert to [[Catholicism]].<ref name=":2" /> In 1638, the Dutch defeated the Portuguese and conquered most of the island by 1660. In 1796, the island was conquered by the [[British]] and became a Crown colony in 1802.

In 1815, the [[Kingdom of Kandy (1469–1815)|Kingdom of Kandy]] was defeated the British and it became a British dependency after a rebellion in 1818. and In the 1830's, the British began bringing laborers from [[Tamil Nadu]] in southern India to work on coconut, coffee, and tea plantations. In 1919, the Ceylon National Congress was founded by [[Arunachalam Ponnambalam]], who quit in 1921 because he believed the CNC only represented Sinhala and not Tamils. In 1948, Sri Lanka gained independence from Britain.<ref name=":0" />

=== Independence ===
After independence, many Tamil plantation workers were disenfranchised. In 1949, the [[Tamil Federal Party]] was formed and advocated for regional autonomy for the Tamils.<ref name=":0" /> In 1956, the [[United National Party]] established Sinhala as the sole official language of Sri Lanka, causing tens of thousands of Tamil speakers to lose their jobs. In 1976, the [[Tamil United Liberation Front]] adopted a resolution to establish a separate Tamil state called [[Tamil Eelam]], which was supported by over 90% of Tamils on the island. In the early 1980's, an amendment to the constitution was passed that criminalized separatism and the TULF. During Black July of 1983, 53 Tamil political prisoners were detained under maximum security<ref name=":1">{{News citation|author=Surendra|newspaper=Revolutionary Initiative|title=Sri Lanka: Lessons of the defeat of the Tamil Tigers|date=2010-11-18|url=https://revolutionary-initiative.com/2010/11/18/sri-lanka-lessons-of-the-defeat-the-tamil-tigers/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120153628/https://revolutionary-initiative.com/2010/11/18/sri-lanka-lessons-of-the-defeat-the-tamil-tigers/|archive-date=2021-01-20}}</ref> and thousands of Tamils were killed in pogroms and by the state.<ref name=":0" />

=== Tamil Tigers ===
The [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]], an armed Tamil [[Nationalism|nationalist]] organization, fought against the Sri Lankan government from 1983 to 2009 and established a de-facto state in the northeast. They established their own banks, courts, police, taxation system, and shipping fleet.<ref name=":1" /> In 1987, India signed the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord and sent 140,000 troops to support the Sri Lankan government. In March 1990, the Indian troops withdrew and there was a temporary truce, which was broken in June. In 1995, the People's Alliance was elected to power and signed a ceasefire with the LTTE that lasted three months. In 1999, the LTTE launched a counteroffensive, recapturing lost territories and killing over 1,200 enemy soldiers in just three days. In 2002, peace talks were held in Thailand and a ceasefire lasted until 2006, when the Sri Lanka Air Force launched an offensive and began capturing territory. The LTTE was liquidated in 2009 after its leader, [[Velupillai Prabhakaran]], was killed.<ref name=":0" />

=== 2022 protests ===
Mass protests began in April 2022 against President [[Gotabhaya Rajapakse]] due to [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] austerity measures. Sri Lanka had a large foreign debt, 79% of which was owed to the [[United States of America|United States]], [[Europe]], and [[Japan]]. Only 10% of Sri Lanka's debt was owned by [[People's Republic of China|China]] and 2% was owned by [[Republic of India|India]].<ref>{{News citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]|title=Real debt trap: Sri Lanka owes vast majority to West, not China|date=2022-07-11|url=https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/11/debt-trap-sri-lanka-west-china/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718213605/https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/11/debt-trap-sri-lanka-west-china/|archive-date=2022-07-18|retrieved=2022-07-29}}</ref> By July, the protests had grown to a million people and forced Rajapakse and Prime Minister [[Ranil Wickremesinghe]] to resign.<ref>{{News citation|author=Deepal Jayasekera|newspaper=[[World Socialist Web Site]]|title=Sri Lankan uprising forces resignation of president and prime minister|date=2022-07-10|url=https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2022/07/11/mqvr-j11.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711043435/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2022/07/11/mqvr-j11.html|archive-date=2022-07-11|retrieved=2022-07-11}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
73% of Sri Lanka's population are Sinhalese, who speak an Indo-Aryan language and mainly practice [[Buddhism]]. The other large ethnic group is the Tamils, who make up 18–21% of the population and speak a Dravidian language. The Tamils include Sri Lankan Tamils who have lived on the island for thousands of years as well as Indian Tamils who were brought to Sri Lanka as plantation laborers by the British in the 19th century. There are also Tamil-speaking Moors who are descended from Arabs and Burghers who are descended from early [[Netherlands|Dutch]] settlers.<ref name=":2" />

== References ==
[[Category:Countries]]
<references />
[[Category:Global south]]
[[Category:Asian countries]]

Ibrahim Traoré

2024-12-03T02:39:36Z

Thisguy78: Added info on Ibrahim Traoré/the Burkinabé government.

{{Infobox politician|name=Ibrahim Traoré|image_size=200|birth_date=1988|birth_place=Bondokuy, [[Burkina Faso]]|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]] [[Sankarism]] [[Communitarianism]]|image=Ibrahim Traore.png}}

'''Ibrahim Traoré''' (born c. 1988) is a Burkinabè military officer who has served as the leader of Burkina Faso since September 2022. He is the youngest current head of state in the world. He has pledged to stop extremism and [[corruption]] and completely change the system of government and is inspired by [[Thomas Sankara]].

Traoré led a coup against [[Paul-Henri Damiba]], another military leader who failed to stop [[jihadism]]. "Jihadism" has been a long-time excuse for the French to justify continued involvement in the Sahel.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Vijay Prashad|newspaper=peoples dispatch|title=Burkina Faso ejects French troops|date=2023-01-25|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2023/01/25/burkina-faso-ejects-french-troops/|retrieved=2024-03-13|quote=France originally entered the Sahel to allegedly prevent the southern movement of jihadist elements strengthened by the NATO-led war in Libya}}</ref> Traoré's time in power has seen major rollbacks in French [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] influence over the Sahel region. Traoré's government, along with the anti-French coup governments in [[Republic of the Niger|Niger]] and [[Republic of Mali|Mali]], has kicked out French troops<ref name=":0" />, made deals with Russian private military contractors (PMCs)<ref>{{Web citation|author=Sophie Douce|newspaper=Le Monde|title=Au Burkina Faso, le capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, le président énigmatique qui défie la France|date=2023-05-30|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/05/30/au-burkina-faso-le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-le-president-enigmatique-qui-defie-la-france_6175485_3212.html|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref>, and formed an anti-ECOWAS bloc in defiance of French interests in the [[CFA franc]] zone.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Mali Bamako|newspaper=WION|title=Explained {{!}} Military-ruled former French colonies forge NATO-style Alliance of Sahel States|date=2023-09-17|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-nato-style-alliance-of-sahel-states-forged-by-military-ruled-former-french-colonies-636792|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref> In July 2023, he visited [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and praised the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] for defeating [[German Reich (1933–1945)|Nazi Germany]]. He appointed [[Apollinaire Tambèla]], an ally of Sankara, as prime minister. Tambèla met with [[Nicolás Maduro]] and [[Daniel Ortega]] and praised [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Burkina Faso’s new president condemns imperialism, quotes Che Guevara, allies with Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba|date=2023-07-31|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/07/30/burkina-faso-ibrahim-traore-sankara-imperialism/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has pushed for food self-sufficiency in Burkina Faso. <ref>https://precel.bf/en/food-self-sufficiency-in-burkina-faso-captain-traore-hands-over-agricultural-equipment-to-boost-production/</ref> This is based upon Thomas Sankara’s principle of "Let us produce for ourselves and consume what we produce." This quote is used explicitly in Burkinabé government sites. <ref>https://apec.bf/</ref>

Additionally, Ibrahim Traoré has attacked the bourgeoisie that benefit off of imperialism: "This system, which we will describe as imperialist, only enriches the small minority we call the bourgeoisie and impoverishes the popular masses. So there is an imbalance." <ref>https://faso7.com/2023/06/12/capitaine-ibrahim-traore-lactionnariat-populaire-une-nouvelle-page-de-notre-histoire/</ref>

Ibrahim Traoré has also pushed for Burkinabé communitarianism through cooperatives/community enterprises. These enterprises are based on the principle of investing what you can on an entrepreneurial project to get shares in it. It is seen as an alternative to traditional capitalism.<ref>https://x.com/marcus_herve/status/1862139840189346176?s=46</ref><ref>https://x.com/african_stream/status/1863630376884900061?s=46</ref>

This is called popular shareholding and it is used by the Burkinabé authorities to promote workers power/popular power while also promoting employment endogenous development, and food self-sufficiency. <ref>https://www.finances.gov.bf/forum/detail-actualites?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=927&cHash=265e2b64e89f98f442b28462cec31b37</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Anti-imperialist rulers]]
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Traoré, Ibrahim}}

Ibrahim Traoré

2024-12-03T02:22:00Z

Thisguy78: Ibrahim Traoré is an explicit Sankarist.

{{Infobox politician|name=Ibrahim Traoré|image_size=200|birth_date=1988|birth_place=Bondokuy, [[Burkina Faso]]|political_orientation=[[Anti-imperialism]] [[Sankarism]]|image=Ibrahim Traore.png}}

'''Ibrahim Traoré''' (born c. 1988) is a Burkinabè military officer who has served as the leader of Burkina Faso since September 2022. He is the youngest current head of state in the world. He has pledged to stop extremism and [[corruption]] and completely change the system of government and is inspired by [[Thomas Sankara]].

Traoré led a coup against [[Paul-Henri Damiba]], another military leader who failed to stop [[jihadism]]. "Jihadism" has been a long-time excuse for the French to justify continued involvement in the Sahel.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Vijay Prashad|newspaper=peoples dispatch|title=Burkina Faso ejects French troops|date=2023-01-25|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2023/01/25/burkina-faso-ejects-french-troops/|retrieved=2024-03-13|quote=France originally entered the Sahel to allegedly prevent the southern movement of jihadist elements strengthened by the NATO-led war in Libya}}</ref> Traoré's time in power has seen major rollbacks in French [[Neocolonialism|neocolonial]] influence over the Sahel region. Traoré's government, along with the anti-French coup governments in [[Republic of the Niger|Niger]] and [[Republic of Mali|Mali]], has kicked out French troops<ref name=":0" />, made deals with Russian private military contractors (PMCs)<ref>{{Web citation|author=Sophie Douce|newspaper=Le Monde|title=Au Burkina Faso, le capitaine Ibrahim Traoré, le président énigmatique qui défie la France|date=2023-05-30|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/05/30/au-burkina-faso-le-capitaine-ibrahim-traore-le-president-enigmatique-qui-defie-la-france_6175485_3212.html|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref>, and formed an anti-ECOWAS bloc in defiance of French interests in the [[CFA franc]] zone.<ref>{{Web citation|author=Mali Bamako|newspaper=WION|title=Explained {{!}} Military-ruled former French colonies forge NATO-style Alliance of Sahel States|date=2023-09-17|url=https://www.wionews.com/world/explained-nato-style-alliance-of-sahel-states-forged-by-military-ruled-former-french-colonies-636792|retrieved=2024-03-14}}</ref> In July 2023, he visited [[Russian Federation|Russia]] and praised the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)|Soviet Union]] for defeating [[German Reich (1933–1945)|Nazi Germany]]. He appointed [[Apollinaire Tambèla]], an ally of Sankara, as prime minister. Tambèla met with [[Nicolás Maduro]] and [[Daniel Ortega]] and praised [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]|title=Burkina Faso’s new president condemns imperialism, quotes Che Guevara, allies with Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba|date=2023-07-31|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/07/30/burkina-faso-ibrahim-traore-sankara-imperialism/|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

== References ==
[[Category:Anti-imperialist rulers]]
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
<references />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Traoré, Ibrahim}}

Nicolás Maduro

2024-12-03T02:18:13Z

Thisguy78: Maduro has claimed to be a Marxist-Leninist. I put a citation of him saying he is a Marxist-Leninist.

{{Infobox politician|image_size=200|birth_date=23 November 1962|birth_place=Caracas, [[Republic of Venezuela (1953–1999)|Venezuela]]|nationality=Venezuelan|political_line=[[Chavismo]] [[Anti-imperialism]] [[Democratic socialism]] [[Bolivarianism]] [[Marxism-Leninism]]|political_party=[[United Socialist Party of Venezuela|PSUV]]|image=Nicolas Maduro.png}}

'''Nicolás Maduro Moros''' is a [[Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela|Venezuelan]] politician and president of Venezuela since 2013. He succeeded fellow [[Bolivarianism|Bolivarian]] revolutionary [[Hugo Chávez]].

Because of [[United States imperialism|U.S. imperialism]] against Venezuela,<ref>[[John Bolton]] (2020). [https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=QjTMDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&hl=ko&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false ''The Room Where It Happened: A White House Memoir'': 'Chapter 9: Venezuela Libre'.] Simon and Schuster.</ref><ref>[[Benjamin Norton|Norton, Ben]]. [https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/12/trump-john-bolton-coups-venezuela/ “Trump Advisor John Bolton Admits Planning US Coups in Venezuela and beyond.”] [[Multipolarista]]. July 13, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731205139/https://multipolarista.com/2022/07/12/trump-john-bolton-coups-venezuela/ Archived] 2022-07-31.</ref> Maduro's presidency has faced various forms of aggression and interference, such as assassination attempts,<ref>Joe Parkin Daniels (2018-08-05). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/04/nicolas-maduros-speech-cut-short-while-soldiers-scatter "Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro survives apparent assassination attempt"] ''[[The Guardian]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220715064109/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/04/nicolas-maduros-speech-cut-short-while-soldiers-scatter Archived] from the original on 2022-07-15.</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> and destabilization efforts organized by US-backed coup leader [[Juan Guaidó]], who, after a phone call with U.S. Vice President [[Mike Pence]], proclaimed himself president of Venezuela.<ref>Dan Cohen, [[Max Blumenthal]] (2019-01-29). [https://thegrayzone.com/2019/01/29/the-making-of-juan-guaido-how-the-us-regime-change-laboratory-created-venezuelas-coup-leader/amp/?__twitter_impression=true "The Making of Juan Guaidó: How the US regime change laboratory created Venezuela’s coup leader"] ''[[The Grayzone]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220322210646/https://thegrayzone.com/2019/01/29/the-making-of-juan-guaido-how-the-us-regime-change-laboratory-created-venezuelas-coup-leader/amp/?__twitter_impression=true Archived] from the original on 2022-03-22.</ref> According to a page published in 2020 on the [[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] website, Maduro is listed as a "target" and the U.S. Department of State is offering a reward up to $15 million for information leading to his arrest.<ref>[https://www.state.gov/nicolas-maduro-moros-new-target/ “Nicolás Maduro Moros - New Target.”] United States Department of State. March 26, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221103061620/https://www.state.gov/nicolas-maduro-moros-new-target/ Archived] 2022-11-03.</ref>

== Presidency (2013-present) ==

=== Elections ===
Maduro was initially elected on April 14, 2013. This occurred following Chávez's death in March of that year.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|author=Mario Hubert Garrido|newspaper=Granma|title=The Maduro government’s first two years|date=2015-04-22|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2015-04-22/the-maduro-governments-first-two-years|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

Maduro won with 50.66% of the votes cast. His main opposition was Henrique Capriles. Capriles was part of the Primero Justicia party. After losing, he attempted to encourage riots in 2013, which caused the fatalities of 11 people.<ref name=":0" />

The following year, Leopoldo López and his party of Voluntad Popular held 'La Salida' which were attacks which killed 43 people. These attacks also injured over 800 people.<ref name=":0" />

In early 2015, the Venezuelan government uncovered plans for a [[coup d'état]]. These plans had included attacking civilian regions in Caracas, as well as governmental institutions. These plans had been backed by the [[United States of America]] via its embassy in Venezuela. A number of politicians within the country had also loaned it their support.<ref name=":0" /> This coup plan came to be known as the Blue Coup. Antonio Ledezma and Julio Borges were also found to be key operatives in this plan.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|author=Misión Verdad|newspaper=Granma|title=Maduro shows his strength, looks death in the face|date=2018-08-10|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2018-08-10/maduro-shows-his-strength-looks-death-in-the-face|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

Leading to the second election, some of the conservative parties threatened to not participate in the election. Maduro made it clear that the election would still be held regardless of this threat.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=Maduro: There will be elections come rain or shine|date=2018-02-16|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2018-02-16/maduro-there-will-be-elections-come-rain-or-shine|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

In the following election, Maduro won a second time. 45.99% of the population voted, with 67.78%, or 6,157,185 votes, in favor of reelection. The main opposition candidate, Henri Falcon, received 21.01% of the vote.<ref name=":2">{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=World leaders congratulate Nicolás Maduro for his reelection|date=2018-05-22|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2018-05-22/world-leaders-congratulate-nicolas-maduro-for-his-reelection|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref> Falcon had gone against the election boycott of the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) and had run in the election regardless of it.<ref name=":4">{{Web citation|author=Dayron Rodríguez Rosales|newspaper=Granma|title=How can the resistance of the Venezuelan people and Nicolás Maduro’s government be explained?|date=2018-10-28|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2018-05-28/how-can-the-resistance-of-the-venezuelan-people-and-nicolas-maduros-government-be-explained|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

After the victory over Falcon, Maduro was accused of 'violating democracy' by the Venezuelan National Assembly on October 23, 2016. This was led by opposition leader Julio Borges. They also stated that Maduro was ineligible to hold the position due to having Colombian ancestors. The National Assembly was considered to hold no authority due to a ruling by the Supreme Court. Maduro accused the opposition of fraud and of having submitted falsified signatures during the signature drive. The opposition to Maduro in the National Assembly arranged protests called 'The takeover of Venezuela'.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=Venezuela's right wing wants to impeach President Maduro|date=2016-10-24|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2016-10-24/venezuelas-right-wing-wants-to-impeach-president-maduro|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

Regardless of the actions of these opposition parties, Maduro has repeatedly encouraged dialogue and communication with the opposition groups.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=Maduro invites opposition to meet with government|date=2017-12-04|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2017-12-04/maduro-invites-opposition-to-meet-with-government|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

According to an Insight poll of 2600 Venezuelans, Maduro is the preferred candidate of 52.4% of those polled in the July 28, 2024 elections. This is followed by 37% for opposition candidate Edmundo Gonzales Urrutia. 16.08% of respondents are undecided or do not know who they will vote for yet. The remainder of respondents were split among other candidates.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=teleSUR|title=Nicolas Maduro Is the Favorite Candidate According to Insight Magazine|date=2024-04-29|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/Nicolas-Maduro-Is-Favorite-Candidate-According-Insight-Magazine--20240429-0021.html|retrieved=2024-04-30}}</ref>

=== Assassination attempts ===
During an event in Caracas on Bolivar Avenue on August 4, 2018, two drone attempted to assassinate Maduro. This attack occurred while he was finishing giving a speech.<ref name=":1" />

This attack was carried out by Soldados de Franelas. Soldados de Franelas had links to Óscar Pérez and CICPC, who had killed civilians in attacks in 2017. Governmental investigations also found connections to the attack with outgoing Colombian president, Juan Manuel Santos and agents within [[Florida]].<ref name=":1" />

Following the attack, a suspect named Juan Carlos Monasterios was arrested and revealed details of the plot. It was learned from Monasterios that Juan Requesens was involved. Requesens was arrested afterward. He also revealed that Rayder Alexander Russo Márquez and Osmán Alexis Delgado Tabosky were both involved in the attack. Neither were immediately caught. Everyone arrested has explained the involvement of Julio Borges.<ref name=":3">{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=Nicolás Maduro: Here is the evidence on the failed assassination attempt|date=2018-08-09|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2018-08-09/nicolas-maduro-here-is-the-evidence-on-the-failed-assassination-attempt|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

It was learned that a group calling itself, Bravo, had planned attacks on other events which were called off due to a lack of preparation.<ref name=":3" />

=== Achievements ===
Social programs created by Chávez have been supported and continued by Maduro.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Granma|title=President Maduro praises social programs in Venezuela|date=2016-09-08|url=https://en.granma.cu/mundo/2016-09-08/president-maduro-praises-social-programs-in-venezuela|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

In order to help promote what is beneficial to the people, Presidential Councils of People's Government have been created. These councils deal with a specific issue in the country and may aid in setting policy related to said issue.<ref name=":0" />

The Maduro government had taken significant steps to combat [[poverty]] in the country. As of 2015, 64% of the national budget is dedicated to this. This opposition to poverty have led to the creation of new governmental missions, such as, Jóvenes de la Patria and Hogares de la Patria.<ref name=":0" />

==== Food ====
The country also has excellent policies in relation to nutrition, according to Marcelo Resende, who is a representative at the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.<ref name=":0" />

The Local Supply and Production Committees (CLAP) have provided 60,000 tons of food and necessities to the poor in Venezuela.<ref name=":4" />

In the past, Venezuelan's required food was satisfied by importing 85%. It now produces 94% of all required food goods in the country.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=teleSUR|title='We Consolidated Peace in Venezuela in 2022', President Maduro|date=2023-01-02|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/We-Consolidated-Peace-in-Venezuela-in-2022-President-Maduro-20230102-0001.html|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

==== Housing ====
Maduro has continued the legacy of Chávez's Great Venezuela Housing Mission (GMVV). By 2017, 1.6 million houses had been built.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=teleSUR|title=President Maduro Celebrates 1.6 Millionth Home Built for the Poor|date=2017-04-30|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/President-Maduro-Celebrates-1.6-Millionth-Home-Built-for-the-Poor---20170430-0018.html|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref> This number had swelled to 4.6 million built by 2023.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=teleSUR|title=Venezuela: President Maduro Delivers House Number 4.6 Million|date=2023-07-21|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/Venezuela-President-Maduro-Delivers-House-Number-4.6-Million-20230721-0011.html|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

==== Medicine ====
During the Maduro administration, many steps have been taken to further the medical quality of the population. 71,900,000 free medical examinations have been provided. Venezuela has also worked with [[Cuba]] on [[Operation Miracle]] and has allowed sight back to 70,000 people.<ref name=":4" />

== Political positions ==

=== International relations ===
The United States of America has attempted to meddle in Venezuelan affairs with other countries, including relations with European nations.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=teleSUR|title=President Maduro Urges Lifting Sanctions Against Venezuela|date=2023-07-19|url=https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/President-Maduro-Urges-Lifting-Sanctions-Against-Venezuela-20230719-0009.html|retrieved=2023-08-01}}</ref>

After Maduro's reelection in 2018, he received wide congratulation from many different nations, including Bolivia, Cuba, [[El Salvador]], Iran, Mozambique, [[Nicaragua]], [[Russia]]<ref name=":2" />, and the [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]].<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Rodong Sinmun|title=WPK Central Committee's Congratulatory Message to Venezuelan Party Leader|date=2022-4-30|url=http://rodong.rep.kp/en/index.php?MTJAMjAyMi0wNC0zMC1OMDA1QDExQDBATWFkdXJvQDBANA==|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

In 2022, Maduro signed a 20-year cooperation agreement with the [[Islamic Republic of Iran]].<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Benjamin Norton]]|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]|title=Venezuela and Iran sign 20-year cooperation plan, Maduro pledges joint ‘anti-imperialist struggle’|date=2022-06-11|url=https://multipolarista.com/2022/06/11/venezuela-iran-20-year-agreement/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718213509/https://multipolarista.com/2022/06/11/venezuela-iran-20-year-agreement/|archive-date=2022-07-18|retrieved=2022-12-04}}</ref> Later that year, he signed a declaration with [[Republic of Colombia|Colombian]] president [[Gustavo Petro]] striving for Latin American reintegration.<ref>{{Web citation|author=[[Ben Norton]]|newspaper=[[Multipolarista]]|title=Colombia’s new president reverses US coup, visits Venezuela, pledges unity in ‘spirit of Bolívar’|date=2022-11-02|url=https://multipolarista.com/2022/11/02/colombia-petro-visits-venezuela-unity-bolivar/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125060316/https://multipolarista.com/2022/11/02/colombia-petro-visits-venezuela-unity-bolivar/|archive-date=2022-11-25|retrieved=2022-12-04}}</ref>

Nicolás Maduro has affirmed Venezuelan support for the DPRK against imperialism multiple times.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Rodong Sinmun|title=Respected Comrade Kim Jong Un Receives Greetings from Venezuelan President|date=2022-9-11|url=http://rodong.rep.kp/en/index.php?MTJAMjAyMi0wOS0xMS1OMDEzQDExQDBATWFkdXJvQDBAMw====|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Rodong Sinmun|title=Respected Comrade Kim Jong Un Receives Message from Venezuelan President|date=2022-12-27|url=http://rodong.rep.kp/en/index.php?MTJAMjAyMi0xMi0yNy1IMDA2QDExQDBATWFkdXJvQDBAMg====|retrieved=2023-07-22}}</ref>

Maduro has claimed to be a Marxist-Leninist.<ref>https://x.com/molotovnewss/status/1774958700307918931?s=46</ref>

=== LGBT+ rights ===
In 2017 and 2020, Maduro stated his support for the legalisation of same-sex marriage and made a request for Venezuela's National Assembly to discuss the topic.<ref>http://shangay.com/maduro-creo-que-todo-el-mundo-se-puede-casar-aunque-sea-homosexual</ref><ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-venezuela-politics-lgbt/venezuelas-maduro-citing-pope-asks-congress-to-consider-same-sex-marriage-idUSKBN27737E/</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
[[Category:Venezuelans of Colombian descent]]
[[Category:Politicians]]
[[Category:Targets of imperialism]]

United Socialist Party of Venezuela

2024-12-03T02:13:26Z

Thisguy78: The PSUV is an explicit Marxist party in there principles/statues.

{{Infobox political party|name=United Socialist Party of Venezuela|native_name=Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela|logo=File:PSUV.png|founded=2007|headquarters=Mariperez, Caracas|newspaper=''[[Cuatro F]]''|youth_wing=JPSUV|political_orientation=[[Chavismo]] [[Bolivarianism]] [[Socialism of the 21st century|Socialism of the 21st Century]] [[Democratic socialism]] [[Marxism]]}}

The '''United Socialist Party of Venezuela''' (Spanish: ''Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela'', '''PSUV''') is a [[democratic socialist]] political party formed in 2007 which came to replace the [[Fifth Republic Movement]]. PSUV was formed from the merger of some of the various [[leftist]] political movements, organizations and social forces that supported [[Hugo Chávez]] and the [[Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela#Bolivarian government (1999–present)|Bolivarian Revolution]]. PSUV is now the largest political party in [[Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela|Venezuela]], as well as the 11th largest in the world, with more than 7 million active members as of 2014. The party adheres to Chávez's [[Chavismo]] ideology.

==References==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Socialist political parties|Category:Socialist political parties]]

Anura Kumara Dissanayake

2024-12-03T01:54:04Z

Thisguy78: I don’t see the point of the claimed and disputed parts. People like Stalin claimed socialism and his claims were disputed by the ultraleft, such as Trotskyists. It just seems meaningless. I changed the reformism to democratic socialism because he and the modern JVP believe in achieving socialism through the ballot box, so that is defined as democratic socialism. Additionally, I also added Marxism-Leninism because the JVP both believes in Marxism and Marxism-Leninism.

{{Infobox politician|name=Anura Kumara Dissanayake|native_name=අනුර කුමාර දිසානායක அநுர குமார திசாநாயக்க|birth_name=Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Anura Kumara Dissanayake|birth_date=24 November 1968 (age 55)|birth_place=Galewela, [[Ceylon]]|political_orientation=[[Marxism]] [[Democratic Socialism]] [[Anti-Racism]] [[Marxism-Leninism]]|political_party=[[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]]|image=Anura Kumara Dissanayake 2023 (cropped).jpg}}

'''Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Anura Kumara Dissanayake''', commonly known by his initials '''AKD''', is a [[Sri Lankan]] politician who has served as president of the country from 23 September 2024.<ref name=":0">{{Web citation|newspaper=Tamil Guardian|title=Anura Kumara Dissanayake declared Sri Lankan president|date=2024-11-22|url=https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/anura-kumara-dissanayake-declared-sri-lankan-president}}</ref>

He is the leader of [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]], officially a Leftist and Marxist-Leninist party in Sri Lanka, and is the leader of [[National People's Power]], a Left coalition.

It has been claimed that both parties are Sinhala ethnonationalist parties with little connection to socialism.<ref name=":0" />

However, party officials of the JVP have committed to Marxism-Leninism, regardless of opposing claims. <ref>https://lankacnews.com/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92-%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92/comment-page-1/</ref>

He has previously supported Sinhala nationalist policies and rhetoric and has throughout his political life advocated against the Tamil people.<ref name=":0" />

Although, now he has proclaimed an anti-racist stance toward Tamils and has supported a 13th amendment to the Sri Lankan constitution which would grant Tamils more rights and also make Tamil an official language. <ref>https://newsin.asia/tussle-over-giving-lankan-tamils-devolution-of-power-under-the-13-th-amendment/</ref>

== Early life and political involvement ==
Anura Kumara Dissanayake was born 24 November 1968 in central Sri Lanka to working parents.<ref name=":1">{{Web citation|author=BHARATHA MALLAWARACHI|newspaper=ABC News|title=Who is Anura Kumara Dissanayake, Sri Lanka's new Marxist president?|date=2024-11-23|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/anura-kumara-dissanayake-sri-lankas-new-marxist-president-113922204}}</ref>

He first became politically while in school, opposing Tamil liberation in demonstrations against an agreement made with the [[Republic of India]] that would grant a degree of self rule to the ethnic minority.<ref name=":1" />

He joined the [[Socialist Students' Union]], the student wing of the ostensibly leftist [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]] party. In 1987 the JVP staged an armed insurrection against the government of Sri Lanka and Dissanayake went underground while most of the leadership of the JVP was killed or imprisoned.<ref name=":1" />

In 1993 he entered national politics in an effort to rebuild the party under [[Somawansa Amarasinghe]]. In 1994 the party won a seat in parliament, and in 1997 Dissanayake became national organizer of the Socialist Students' Union. He was added to the JVP Central Committee that year and joined the party politburo the next year.<ref name=":1" />

== Mainstream political career ==
In 2000 Dissanayake was elected to parliament after JVP entered into an alliance with [[Chandrika Kumaratunga]], then president of Sri Lanka. The alliance was created to oppose a propsed ceasefire agreement between then-Prime Minister [[Ranil Wickremesinghe]] and the [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]]. He opposed the ceasefire agreement when it was signed in 2002.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

In 2004 he and his party campaigned explicitly against a ceasefire and formed an alliance with the [[Sri Lanka Freedom Party]] and that year became Minister of Agriculture, Lands, and Irrigation. The same year he opposed aid distribution efforts in majority Tamil regions after a tsunami devastated the area.<ref name=":0" />

In 2005 he and other JVP members resigned from the government due to the ongoing peace process and backed the anti-ceasefire candidate [[Mahinda Rajapaksa]].<ref name=":0" />

In 2006 he was involved in the founding of the [[Joint Front to Protect the Nation]], which was founded by the JVP in opposition to any ceasefire talks and in favor of military action.<ref name=":0" />

The JVP went on to support the 2009 campaign which destroyed the LTTE and resulted in up to 169,796 deaths of mostly civilians. During this time the JVP protested outside embassies and the United Nations office in Sri Lanka in protest of any efforts to investigate human rights abuses by Sri Lanka.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

Now, he and the JVP/NPP have proclaimed to support a Sri Lanka free of racism of any type<ref>https://www.jvpsrilanka.com/english/lets-build-a-country-where-every-citizen-can-live-with-pride-comrade-anura-dissanayake/</ref>

He became leader of JVP when the left of the party broke away in 2014 and formed the [[National People's Power]] coalition in 2019, which included 21 groups.

Now, the JVP/NPP has proclaimed to support a socialist-market economy with similarities to countries like Vietnam. <ref>https://www.dailymirror.lk/opinion/JVP-led-NPP-believes-in-a-unique-Sri-Lankan-economic-model-based-on-socialist-principles-Nalinda-Jayatissa-former-MP/231-273197#</ref>

In 2019 he ran for president for the first time, losing to [[Gotabaya Rajapaksa]], who was forced to flee the country amidst widespread protests two years later.<ref name=":1" />

== 2024 campaign ==
He ran again in 2024. He promised to dissolve parliament 'the very night' of victory, and promised to continue to grant Buddhism special status in Sri Lanka. His party also openly associated with [[Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara]], leader of the Sinhala reactionary nationalist and fascist [[Bodu Bala Sena]] party. He toured the majority Tamil North-East of Sri Lanka during his campaign, and while there emphasized that he would not implement a proposed constitutional amendment which would grant greater powers to Tamils. He positioned the JVP as staunchly anti-federalist. He also promised during his campaign that no one accused of human rights violations and war crimes in the 2009 genocide would be punished.<ref name=":0" />

However, he has said that he would open a Truth and Reconciliation committee similar to South Africa’s in looking over previous war crimes committed including against Tamils<ref>https://kathmandupost.com/columns/2024/09/25/mandate-for-change-in-sri-lanka</ref>

In addition to historical racism against Tamil people in Sri Lanka, the JVP has historically held racist views toward people of Indian origin in Sri Lanka, with his party describing them as a 'fifth column'.<ref name=":0" />

During the campaign trail Tamil-minority groups, such as the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) have declared AKD as not being racist. <ref>https://asianmirror.lk/news/item/38078-sumanthiran-defends-dissanayake-s-controversial-remarks</ref>

His party/coalition (JVP/NPP) won the 2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary elections in a landslide including in Tamil strongholds, such as Jaffna. <ref>https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/sri-lanka-parliamentary-election-how-the-npp-won-over-sri-lankas-ethnic-minorities/article68876413.ece</ref>

== Presidency ==
One of his first acts as president was the appointment of [[Sampath Thuyacontha]] as Secretary of Defense. Thuyacontha has boasted of "causing chaos" during the 2009 genocide and there are reasons to believe he is responsible for war crimes committed during the 2009 genocide. He has admitted to leading a helicopter gunship squadron involved in 400 missions during that genocide. He has also claimed personal involvement in 60 missions during the later state of the fighting. However at this time legal proceedings have not been opened against him. After the genocide, he was sent abroad as a diplomat, reportedly in a move to shield him from prosecution.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=Tamil Guardian|title=Another accused Sri Lankan war criminal appointed as Defence Secretary|date=2024-11-23|url=https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/another-accused-sri-lankan-war-criminal-appointed-defence-secretary}}</ref>

He has returned land owned by the government/army to Tamils after making a promise that he would give government/army occupied land back to their rightful Tamil owners. <ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/sri-lankan-army-begins-tamil-land-restoration-with-closure-of-paruthithurai-camp-2635974-2024-11-19?fbclid=IwY2xjawGq-65leHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHRzMGIuvizKlYJBkeP_Y3dcLnu4HSsrT57-i6Cs26NUL3nrSMSWMG_NW3g_aem_1UIzkM7k__mUQsj2ichwfQ</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Current heads of state]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan politicians]]