Communism - Revision history

Ledlecreeper27 at 15:50, 26 January 2025

2025-01-26T15:50:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:50, 26 January 2025
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	==Place in historical materialism==		==Place in historical materialism==
			[[File:Cheng Enfu socialism table.png\|thumb\|Table of the stages of transition from capitalism to communism according to [[Cheng Enfu]]]]
	In Marx's theory of historical materialism, communism represents the final mode of production. Each mode of production is defined by its [[relations of production]]: the class dynamics, the methods of [[exploitation]], the systems of exchange, the level of development of the [[means of production]], etc. [[Capitalism]] is defined by the relationship between the [[bourgeoisie]] and the [[proletariat]], commonly referred to as a "[[dictatorship of the bourgeoisie]]". Socialism is defined by the same relations, but instead it exhibits a "[[dictatorship of the proletariat]]". Socialism still has class dynamics and exploitation, but the proletariat is the class on top.<ref>Mao Zedong (July 1964) [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1964/phnycom.htm On Khrushchov's Phoney Communism and Its Historical Lessons for the World]</ref>		In Marx's theory of historical materialism, communism represents the final mode of production. Each mode of production is defined by its [[relations of production]]: the class dynamics, the methods of [[exploitation]], the systems of exchange, the level of development of the [[means of production]], etc. [[Capitalism]] is defined by the relationship between the [[bourgeoisie]] and the [[proletariat]], commonly referred to as a "[[dictatorship of the bourgeoisie]]". Socialism is defined by the same relations, but instead it exhibits a "[[dictatorship of the proletariat]]". Socialism still has class dynamics and exploitation, but the proletariat is the class on top.<ref>Mao Zedong (July 1964) [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1964/phnycom.htm On Khrushchov's Phoney Communism and Its Historical Lessons for the World]</ref>

General-KJ: Minor changes

2024-12-17T14:25:02Z

Minor changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:25, 17 December 2024
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	The Communist movement isn’t a simple straightforward outgrowth of worker organizing, but rather the product of an alliance between workers and socialists.<ref>{{Citation\|author=J. V Stalin\|year=1905\|title=Bolsheviks and Mensheviks}}</ref> Workers and socialists are natural allies, and one individual can easily belong to both groups by upbringing, but history is full of instances where this was not the case. Among the most notorious is Marx himself — a petty-bourgeois would-be lawyer married to an aristocrat, forever in partnership with Engels, a proper bourgeois. Far from burying this autobiographical detail, Marx defends himself by warning his readers: we must not imagine that “representatives of the petty-bourgeoisie” are “all shopkeepers or enthusiastic champions of shopkeepers.”<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx\|year=1852\|title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\|title-url=[[The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]][prolewiki library]}}</ref>		The Communist movement isn’t a simple straightforward outgrowth of worker organizing, but rather the product of an alliance between workers and socialists.<ref>{{Citation\|author=J. V Stalin\|year=1905\|title=Bolsheviks and Mensheviks}}</ref> Workers and socialists are natural allies, and one individual can easily belong to both groups by upbringing, but history is full of instances where this was not the case. Among the most notorious is Marx himself — a petty-bourgeois would-be lawyer married to an aristocrat, forever in partnership with Engels, a proper bourgeois. Far from burying this autobiographical detail, Marx defends himself by warning his readers: we must not imagine that “representatives of the petty-bourgeoisie” are “all shopkeepers or enthusiastic champions of shopkeepers.”<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx\|year=1852\|title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\|title-url=[[The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]][prolewiki library]}}</ref>

	The [[CIA]] historically exploited ignorance about this fact among leftists, decisively pitting socialists and workers against each other, to the fatal detriment of both. See the next section, The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement for more detail.		The [[CIA]] historically exploited ignorance about this fact among leftists, decisively pitting socialists and workers against each other, to the fatal detriment of both.<ref group="lower-alpha">See the next section, The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement for more detail.</ref>

	According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>		According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>
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	The CIA and other capitalist entities form a [[Counter-revolution\|counter-movement]] to communism. Their first target between workers and socialists is always the socialists — they are a smaller group of people. Socialists can be outlawed and assassinated, whereas the worker movement is large and arises organically from resentment against exploitation. More importantly, workers themselves are absolutely necessary for the operation of capitalist enterprises, so they can only be managed, never eliminated.		The CIA and other capitalist entities form a [[Counter-revolution\|counter-movement]] to communism. Their first target between workers and socialists is always the socialists — they are a smaller group of people. Socialists can be outlawed and assassinated, whereas the worker movement is large and arises organically from resentment against exploitation. More importantly, workers themselves are absolutely necessary for the operation of capitalist enterprises, so they can only be managed, never eliminated.

			Socialists, then, can then be attacked easily from two well-known flanks: left-adventurism on the one hand, right-opportunism on the other. The “[[Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path\|Shining Path]]” terrorist movement in [[Republic of Peru\|Peru]], a splinter of the Communist Party which often turned some of its harshest ultra-violence against Party members and various other leftist organizations, has been charged by some Peruvian historians of being a product of the CIA.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Washington Huaracha Apaza\|year=1998\|title=CIA, Sendero Luminoso: guerra política\|title-url=http://bvk.bnp.gob.pe/admin/files/libros/642_digitalizacion.pdf}}</ref>
	Socialists, then, can then be attacked easily from two well-known flanks: left-adventurism on the one hand, right-opportunism on the other. The ~~“Shining Path”~~ terrorist movement in Peru, a splinter of the Communist Party which often turned some of its harshest ultra-violence against Party members and various other leftist organizations, has been charged by some Peruvian historians of being a product of the CIA.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Washington Huaracha Apaza\|year=1998\|title=CIA, Sendero Luminoso: guerra política\|title-url=http://bvk.bnp.gob.pe/admin/files/libros/642_digitalizacion.pdf}}</ref>

	Similarly, throughout the 1980s in Poland, the US- and Vatican-backed “independent” ship-builders labour union Solidarity received all sorts of international accolades for its opposition to Communist rule, including a 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for its leader Lech Walesa (who later became Poland’s president). Poland today remains one of the most reactionary countries in Europe. Once socialists are out of the picture, it proves very easy to claw back concessions from workers, to remove prestige from opportunistic worker-leaders in capitalist payroll, and to replace them with more suitably pure-blooded liberal managers. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Harry Kelber\|year=2004\|title=AFL-CIO’s Dark Past\|title-url=http://www.laboreducator.org/darkpast1.htm}}</ref>		Similarly, throughout the 1980s in Poland, the US- and Vatican-backed “independent” ship-builders labour union Solidarity received all sorts of international accolades for its opposition to Communist rule, including a 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for its leader Lech Walesa (who later became Poland’s president). Poland today remains one of the most reactionary countries in Europe. Once socialists are out of the picture, it proves very easy to claw back concessions from workers, to remove prestige from opportunistic worker-leaders in capitalist payroll, and to replace them with more suitably pure-blooded liberal managers. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Harry Kelber\|year=2004\|title=AFL-CIO’s Dark Past\|title-url=http://www.laboreducator.org/darkpast1.htm}}</ref>

Deogeo: /* Communism as a movement */ improved intro, section on counter-movement added.

2024-12-17T06:20:04Z

Communism as a movement: improved intro, section on counter-movement added.

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:20, 17 December 2024
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	==Communism as a movement==		==Communism as a movement==
			The Communist movement isn’t a simple straightforward outgrowth of worker organizing, but rather the product of an alliance between workers and socialists.<ref>{{Citation\|author=J. V Stalin\|year=1905\|title=Bolsheviks and Mensheviks}}</ref> Workers and socialists are natural allies, and one individual can easily belong to both groups by upbringing, but history is full of instances where this was not the case. Among the most notorious is Marx himself — a petty-bourgeois would-be lawyer married to an aristocrat, forever in partnership with Engels, a proper bourgeois. Far from burying this autobiographical detail, Marx defends himself by warning his readers: we must not imagine that “representatives of the petty-bourgeoisie” are “all shopkeepers or enthusiastic champions of shopkeepers.”<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx\|year=1852\|title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\|title-url=[[The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]][prolewiki library]}}</ref>

			The [[CIA]] historically exploited ignorance about this fact among leftists, decisively pitting socialists and workers against each other, to the fatal detriment of both. See the next section, The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement for more detail.

	According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>		According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>

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	Communism has also been defined as a movement for the re-humanization and liberation of the exploited and [[Oppression\|oppressed]] masses that restores equal rights to all [[Gender\|genders]] and [[Nation\|nationalities]].<ref name=":12">{{Citation\|author=Stephen Gowans\|year=2018\|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom\|chapter=The US Occupation\|page=77\|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=Montreal\|publisher=Baraka Books\|isbn=9781771861427\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref>		Communism has also been defined as a movement for the re-humanization and liberation of the exploited and [[Oppression\|oppressed]] masses that restores equal rights to all [[Gender\|genders]] and [[Nation\|nationalities]].<ref name=":12">{{Citation\|author=Stephen Gowans\|year=2018\|title=Patriots, Traitors and Empires: The Story of Korea’s Struggle for Freedom\|chapter=The US Occupation\|page=77\|pdf=https://ipfs.io/ipfs/bafykbzaced4iiga4ngtxusr2civjxewbili5jne2sbpefbx2s3im2kphattzc?filename=Stephen%20Gowans%20-%20Patriots%2C%20Traitors%20and%20Empires_%20The%20Story%20of%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Struggle%20for%20Freedom-Baraka%20Books%20%282018%29.pdf\|city=Montreal\|publisher=Baraka Books\|isbn=9781771861427\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=8435F6FF91279531705764823FDC2A7F}}</ref>

			== The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement ==
			The CIA and other capitalist entities form a [[Counter-revolution\|counter-movement]] to communism. Their first target between workers and socialists is always the socialists — they are a smaller group of people. Socialists can be outlawed and assassinated, whereas the worker movement is large and arises organically from resentment against exploitation. More importantly, workers themselves are absolutely necessary for the operation of capitalist enterprises, so they can only be managed, never eliminated.


			Socialists, then, can then be attacked easily from two well-known flanks: left-adventurism on the one hand, right-opportunism on the other. The “Shining Path” terrorist movement in Peru, a splinter of the Communist Party which often turned some of its harshest ultra-violence against Party members and various other leftist organizations, has been charged by some Peruvian historians of being a product of the CIA.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Washington Huaracha Apaza\|year=1998\|title=CIA, Sendero Luminoso: guerra política\|title-url=http://bvk.bnp.gob.pe/admin/files/libros/642_digitalizacion.pdf}}</ref>

			Similarly, throughout the 1980s in Poland, the US- and Vatican-backed “independent” ship-builders labour union Solidarity received all sorts of international accolades for its opposition to Communist rule, including a 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for its leader Lech Walesa (who later became Poland’s president). Poland today remains one of the most reactionary countries in Europe. Once socialists are out of the picture, it proves very easy to claw back concessions from workers, to remove prestige from opportunistic worker-leaders in capitalist payroll, and to replace them with more suitably pure-blooded liberal managers. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Harry Kelber\|year=2004\|title=AFL-CIO’s Dark Past\|title-url=http://www.laboreducator.org/darkpast1.htm}}</ref>

	== See also ==		== See also ==

Ledlecreeper27: Cheng Enfu

2024-04-28T14:54:34Z

Cheng Enfu

Show changes

Liang at 04:27, 20 March 2024

2024-03-20T04:27:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:27, 20 March 2024
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	=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===		=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===
	In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon. For one, they acknowledged and made clear that communism, as an ideology had always existed since the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. They wrote in the famous opening: <blockquote>A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism </blockquote>To begin with, what we recognise as communism stems from the existence of [[class struggle]]. Marx and Engels, through [[Historical materialism\|historical]] and [[Dialectical Materialism\|dialectical]] materialism, write that throughout history, there has always been a class struggle within known society between what we know as the ruling class and the ruled class. In the manifesto, they have given the following examples:		In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon. For one, they acknowledged and made clear that communism, as an ideology had always existed since the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. They wrote in the famous opening: <blockquote>A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels\|year=1848\|title=Manifesto of the Communist Party\|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm\|section=Preamble\|quote=A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism}}</ref> </blockquote>To begin with, what we recognise as communism stems from the existence of [[class struggle]]<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels\|year=1848\|title=Manifesto of the Communist Party\|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm\|chapter=Bourgeois and Proletarians\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm#007\|quote=The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles}}</ref>. Marx and Engels, through [[Historical materialism\|historical]] and [[Dialectical Materialism\|dialectical]] materialism, write that throughout history, there has always been a class struggle within known society between what we know as the ruling class and the ruled class. In the manifesto, they have given the following examples:

	* Freeman and slave		* Freeman and slave
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	* Oppressor and oppressed		* Oppressor and oppressed

	Even though all communists hold the bourgeoisie to be antagonistic towards the proletariat, and thus considered to be an adversary, Marx and Engels made it clear that the rise of the [[Bourgeoisie]] stemmed from their own [[Bourgeois revolution\|revolutionary]] tendencies in overthrowing the feudal classes which in turn, led to the creation of the current contradictions between themselves and the proletariat, or what we know as, the working class.		Even though all communists hold the bourgeoisie to be antagonistic towards the proletariat, and thus considered to be an adversary, Marx and Engels made it clear that the rise of the [[Bourgeoisie]] stemmed from their own [[Bourgeois revolution\|revolutionary]] tendencies in overthrowing the feudal classes<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels\|year=1848\|title=Manifesto of the Communist Party\|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm\|chapter=Bourgeois and Proletarians\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm#007\|quote=The bourgeoisie, historically, has played a most revolutionary part.}}</ref> which in turn, led to the creation of the current contradictions between themselves and the proletariat, or what we know as, the working class.

	Communists do not claim to be the first and only parties that advocate and fight for the working class. What Marx and Engels specified in regards to communists are that they recognise the struggles of the working class regardless of nationality. Marx and Engels then proceeded to emphasise was the need of a revolutionary party that would safeguard and fight for the Proletariat. Marx and Engels were resolute that the Communists are the most advanced parties for the proletariat due to their ultimate goals of:		Communists do not claim to be the first and only parties that advocate and fight for the working class. What Marx and Engels specified in regards to communists are that they recognise the struggles of the working class regardless of nationality<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels\|year=1848\|title=Manifesto of the Communist Party\|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm\|quote=The Communists are distinguished from the other working-class parties by this only: 1. In the national struggles of the proletarians of the different countries, they point out and bring to the front the common interests of the entire proletariat, independently of all nationality.

			2. In the various stages of development which the struggle of the working class against the bourgeoisie has to pass through, they always and everywhere represent the interests of the movement as a whole.}}</ref>. Marx and Engels then proceeded to emphasise was the need of a revolutionary party that would safeguard and fight for the Proletariat. Marx and Engels were resolute that the Communists are the most advanced parties for the proletariat due to their ultimate goals of:

	# Forming the proletariat into a revolutionary class		# Forming the proletariat into a revolutionary class
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	# Allowing the proletariat into conquest of political power		# Allowing the proletariat into conquest of political power

	A common misconception that right-wingers and even some sections of the left have in regard to another aim of communism is the abolition of property. Marx and Engels have already made exceedingly clear in the manifesto that while Communists openly intend to do away with property, they are only interested in doing away with private property which belonged exclusively to the bourgeoisie.		A common misconception that right-wingers and even some sections of the left have in regard to another aim of communism is the abolition of property. Marx and Engels have already made exceedingly clear in the manifesto that while Communists openly intend to do away with property, they are only interested in doing away with private property which belonged exclusively to the bourgeoisie<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels\|year=1848\|title=Manifesto of the Communist Party\|title-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm\|quote=We Communists have been reproached with the desire of abolishing the right of personally acquiring property as the fruit of a man’s own labour, which property is alleged to be the groundwork of all personal freedom, activity and independence.

			Hard-won, self-acquired, self-earned property! Do you mean the property of petty artisan and of the small peasant, a form of property that preceded the bourgeois form? There is no need to abolish that; the development of industry has to a great extent already destroyed it, and is still destroying it daily.

			Or do you mean the modern bourgeois private property?

			But does wage-labour create any property for the labourer? Not a bit. It creates capital, i.e., that kind of property which exploits wage-labour, and which cannot increase except upon condition of begetting a new supply of wage-labour for fresh exploitation. Property, in its present form, is based on the antagonism of capital and wage labour. Let us examine both sides of this antagonism.

			To be a capitalist, is to have not only a purely personal, but a social status in production. Capital is a collective product, and only by the united action of many members, nay, in the last resort, only by the united action of all members of society, can it be set in motion.

			Capital is therefore not only personal; it is a social power.

			When, therefore, capital is converted into common property, into the property of all members of society, personal property is not thereby transformed into social property. It is only the social character of the property that is changed. It loses its class character}}</ref>.

	==Place in historical materialism==		==Place in historical materialism==

Liang at 05:40, 19 March 2024

2024-03-19T05:40:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:40, 19 March 2024
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	=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===		=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===
	In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon. For one, they acknowledged and made clear that communism, as an ideology had always existed since the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. They wrote in the famous opening: <blockquote>A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism </blockquote>What Marx and Engels then proceeded to emphasise was the need of a revolutionary party that would safeguard and fight for the Proletariat. Marx and Engels were resolute that the Communists are the most advanced parties for the proletariat due to their ultimate goals of:		In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon. For one, they acknowledged and made clear that communism, as an ideology had always existed since the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. They wrote in the famous opening: <blockquote>A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism </blockquote>To begin with, what we recognise as communism stems from the existence of [[class struggle]]. Marx and Engels, through [[Historical materialism\|historical]] and [[Dialectical Materialism\|dialectical]] materialism, write that throughout history, there has always been a class struggle within known society between what we know as the ruling class and the ruled class. In the manifesto, they have given the following examples:

			* Freeman and slave
			* Patrician and plebeian
			* Lord and serf
			* Guild-master and journeymen
			* Oppressor and oppressed

			Even though all communists hold the bourgeoisie to be antagonistic towards the proletariat, and thus considered to be an adversary, Marx and Engels made it clear that the rise of the [[Bourgeoisie]] stemmed from their own [[Bourgeois revolution\|revolutionary]] tendencies in overthrowing the feudal classes which in turn, led to the creation of the current contradictions between themselves and the proletariat, or what we know as, the working class.

			Communists do not claim to be the first and only parties that advocate and fight for the working class. What Marx and Engels specified in regards to communists are that they recognise the struggles of the working class regardless of nationality. Marx and Engels then proceeded to emphasise was the need of a revolutionary party that would safeguard and fight for the Proletariat. Marx and Engels were resolute that the Communists are the most advanced parties for the proletariat due to their ultimate goals of:

	# Forming the proletariat into a revolutionary class		# Forming the proletariat into a revolutionary class

Liang at 04:50, 18 March 2024

2024-03-18T04:50:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:50, 18 March 2024
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	[[Vladimir Lenin\|Lenin]] was the first person to give distinct meanings to the terms socialism and communism. The socialism/communism of Marx was now known simply as communism, and Marx's "transitional phase" was to be known as socialism.		[[Vladimir Lenin\|Lenin]] was the first person to give distinct meanings to the terms socialism and communism. The socialism/communism of Marx was now known simply as communism, and Marx's "transitional phase" was to be known as socialism.

	== ~~Principles~~ of Communism ==		== Characteristics of Communism ==
	[[File:Karl Marx-min.png\|thumb\|Karl Marx]]		[[File:Karl Marx-min.png\|thumb\|Karl Marx]]
	[[File:Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), 1864-min.png\|thumb\|Friedrich Engels]]		[[File:Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), 1864-min.png\|thumb\|Friedrich Engels]]

Liang at 04:41, 18 March 2024

2024-03-18T04:41:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:41, 18 March 2024
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	== Principles of Communism ==		== Principles of Communism ==
			[[File:Karl Marx-min.png\|thumb\|Karl Marx]]
			[[File:Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), 1864-min.png\|thumb\|Friedrich Engels]]

	=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===		=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===
	In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon.		In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon. For one, they acknowledged and made clear that communism, as an ideology had always existed since the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. They wrote in the famous opening: <blockquote>A spectre is haunting Europe—the spectre of Communism </blockquote>What Marx and Engels then proceeded to emphasise was the need of a revolutionary party that would safeguard and fight for the Proletariat. Marx and Engels were resolute that the Communists are the most advanced parties for the proletariat due to their ultimate goals of:

			# Forming the proletariat into a revolutionary class
			# Overthrowing the supremacy of the bourgeoisie
			# Allowing the proletariat into conquest of political power

			A common misconception that right-wingers and even some sections of the left have in regard to another aim of communism is the abolition of property. Marx and Engels have already made exceedingly clear in the manifesto that while Communists openly intend to do away with property, they are only interested in doing away with private property which belonged exclusively to the bourgeoisie.

	==Place in historical materialism==		==Place in historical materialism==

Liang at 04:15, 18 March 2024

2024-03-18T04:15:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:15, 18 March 2024
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	The material [[Post-scarcity\|abundance]] and resultant social relations of such a society can be summarized by the slogan: "From each according to their ability, to each according to their needs." which was popularized in [[Marx\|Karl Marx]]'s 1875 ''[[Library:Critique of the Gotha Program\|Critique of the Gotha Program]]''.		The material [[Post-scarcity\|abundance]] and resultant social relations of such a society can be summarized by the slogan: "From each according to their ability, to each according to their needs." which was popularized in [[Marx\|Karl Marx]]'s 1875 ''[[Library:Critique of the Gotha Program\|Critique of the Gotha Program]]''.
			[[File:Hammer and Sickle and Star.svg.png\|thumb\|The Hammer-and-Sickle is the universal symbol of communism and a representation of solidarity between the proletariat working class and the peasantry]]
	In the [[Capital, vol. I\|first volume of Capital]], Marx mentions it as ''"an association of free men, working with the means of production held in common, and expending their many different forms of labour-power in full self-awareness as one single social labour force"''<ref>''See [[Library:Capital, vol. I/Commodities and money/The commodity#The fetishism of the commodity and its secret\|note]] in Capital, vol. I – The fetishism of the commodity and its secret''</ref>		In the [[Capital, vol. I\|first volume of Capital]], Marx mentions it as ''"an association of free men, working with the means of production held in common, and expending their many different forms of labour-power in full self-awareness as one single social labour force"''<ref>''See [[Library:Capital, vol. I/Commodities and money/The commodity#The fetishism of the commodity and its secret\|note]] in Capital, vol. I – The fetishism of the commodity and its secret''</ref>

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	[[Vladimir Lenin\|Lenin]] was the first person to give distinct meanings to the terms socialism and communism. The socialism/communism of Marx was now known simply as communism, and Marx's "transitional phase" was to be known as socialism.		[[Vladimir Lenin\|Lenin]] was the first person to give distinct meanings to the terms socialism and communism. The socialism/communism of Marx was now known simply as communism, and Marx's "transitional phase" was to be known as socialism.

			== Principles of Communism ==

			=== Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ===
			In their seminal and most [[Manifesto of the Communist Party\|well-known work]], Marx and Engels laid the basic principles of communism in which all future revolutionaries build their principles upon.

	==Place in historical materialism==		==Place in historical materialism==

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See also: Fixed link with correct namespace spelling

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:36, 29 January 2024
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	== See also ==		== See also ==
	[[Communism~~:quotes~~]]		[[Quotes:Communism]]

	==References==		==References==

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:25, 17 December 2024
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	The Communist movement isn’t a simple straightforward outgrowth of worker organizing, but rather the product of an alliance between workers and socialists.<ref>{{Citation\|author=J. V Stalin\|year=1905\|title=Bolsheviks and Mensheviks}}</ref> Workers and socialists are natural allies, and one individual can easily belong to both groups by upbringing, but history is full of instances where this was not the case. Among the most notorious is Marx himself — a petty-bourgeois would-be lawyer married to an aristocrat, forever in partnership with Engels, a proper bourgeois. Far from burying this autobiographical detail, Marx defends himself by warning his readers: we must not imagine that “representatives of the petty-bourgeoisie” are “all shopkeepers or enthusiastic champions of shopkeepers.”<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx\|year=1852\|title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\|title-url=[[The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]][prolewiki library]}}</ref>		The Communist movement isn’t a simple straightforward outgrowth of worker organizing, but rather the product of an alliance between workers and socialists.<ref>{{Citation\|author=J. V Stalin\|year=1905\|title=Bolsheviks and Mensheviks}}</ref> Workers and socialists are natural allies, and one individual can easily belong to both groups by upbringing, but history is full of instances where this was not the case. Among the most notorious is Marx himself — a petty-bourgeois would-be lawyer married to an aristocrat, forever in partnership with Engels, a proper bourgeois. Far from burying this autobiographical detail, Marx defends himself by warning his readers: we must not imagine that “representatives of the petty-bourgeoisie” are “all shopkeepers or enthusiastic champions of shopkeepers.”<ref>{{Citation\|author=Karl Marx\|year=1852\|title=The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\|title-url=[[The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]][prolewiki library]}}</ref>

	The [[CIA]] historically exploited ignorance about this fact among leftists, decisively pitting socialists and workers against each other, to the fatal detriment of both. See the next section, The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement for more detail.		The [[CIA]] historically exploited ignorance about this fact among leftists, decisively pitting socialists and workers against each other, to the fatal detriment of both.<ref group="lower-alpha">See the next section, The communist movement and the pro-capitalist counter-movement for more detail.</ref>

	According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>		According to Marx, communism can be defined as the "the real movement which abolishes the present state of things." The communist movement differs from other workers' movements due to its [[Proletarian internationalism\|internationalism]] and because it represents the entire working class.<ref>{{Citation\|author=[[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]]\|year=1848\|title=Communist Manifesto\|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm\|chapter=Proletarians and Communists\|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm}}</ref>
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	The CIA and other capitalist entities form a [[Counter-revolution\|counter-movement]] to communism. Their first target between workers and socialists is always the socialists — they are a smaller group of people. Socialists can be outlawed and assassinated, whereas the worker movement is large and arises organically from resentment against exploitation. More importantly, workers themselves are absolutely necessary for the operation of capitalist enterprises, so they can only be managed, never eliminated.		The CIA and other capitalist entities form a [[Counter-revolution\|counter-movement]] to communism. Their first target between workers and socialists is always the socialists — they are a smaller group of people. Socialists can be outlawed and assassinated, whereas the worker movement is large and arises organically from resentment against exploitation. More importantly, workers themselves are absolutely necessary for the operation of capitalist enterprises, so they can only be managed, never eliminated.

			Socialists, then, can then be attacked easily from two well-known flanks: left-adventurism on the one hand, right-opportunism on the other. The “[[Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path\|Shining Path]]” terrorist movement in [[Republic of Peru\|Peru]], a splinter of the Communist Party which often turned some of its harshest ultra-violence against Party members and various other leftist organizations, has been charged by some Peruvian historians of being a product of the CIA.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Washington Huaracha Apaza\|year=1998\|title=CIA, Sendero Luminoso: guerra política\|title-url=http://bvk.bnp.gob.pe/admin/files/libros/642_digitalizacion.pdf}}</ref>
	Socialists, then, can then be attacked easily from two well-known flanks: left-adventurism on the one hand, right-opportunism on the other. The ~~“Shining Path”~~ terrorist movement in Peru, a splinter of the Communist Party which often turned some of its harshest ultra-violence against Party members and various other leftist organizations, has been charged by some Peruvian historians of being a product of the CIA.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Washington Huaracha Apaza\|year=1998\|title=CIA, Sendero Luminoso: guerra política\|title-url=http://bvk.bnp.gob.pe/admin/files/libros/642_digitalizacion.pdf}}</ref>

	Similarly, throughout the 1980s in Poland, the US- and Vatican-backed “independent” ship-builders labour union Solidarity received all sorts of international accolades for its opposition to Communist rule, including a 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for its leader Lech Walesa (who later became Poland’s president). Poland today remains one of the most reactionary countries in Europe. Once socialists are out of the picture, it proves very easy to claw back concessions from workers, to remove prestige from opportunistic worker-leaders in capitalist payroll, and to replace them with more suitably pure-blooded liberal managers. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Harry Kelber\|year=2004\|title=AFL-CIO’s Dark Past\|title-url=http://www.laboreducator.org/darkpast1.htm}}</ref>		Similarly, throughout the 1980s in Poland, the US- and Vatican-backed “independent” ship-builders labour union Solidarity received all sorts of international accolades for its opposition to Communist rule, including a 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for its leader Lech Walesa (who later became Poland’s president). Poland today remains one of the most reactionary countries in Europe. Once socialists are out of the picture, it proves very easy to claw back concessions from workers, to remove prestige from opportunistic worker-leaders in capitalist payroll, and to replace them with more suitably pure-blooded liberal managers. <ref>{{Citation\|author=Harry Kelber\|year=2004\|title=AFL-CIO’s Dark Past\|title-url=http://www.laboreducator.org/darkpast1.htm}}</ref>