Federal Republic of Germany - Revision history

104.28.104.24: Added information on the BKA (German police) and anti-Romani persecution

2025-06-15T17:58:36Z

Added information on the BKA (German police) and anti-Romani persecution

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:58, 15 June 2025
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	=== Neo-Nazism ===		=== Neo-Nazism ===
	The majority of officials in the West German Justice Ministry were former members of the [[National Socialist German Workers' Party\|Nazi Party]]. 34 out of 170 officials had been members of the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' Nazi paramilitary. In 1957, there were more senior officials who were former Nazis than there had been during [[Adolf Hitler\|Hitler]]'s rule. Between 1949 and 1980, 54% of ~~interior ministry~~ staffers had been Nazis and 8% had been in the Nazi Interior Ministry led by [[Heinrich Himmler]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post\|title=Report: Majority of West German Justice Ministry officials were ex-Nazis following WWII\|date=2016-10-11\|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/report-majority-of-west-german-justice-ministry-officials-were-ex-nazis-following-wwii-469899\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920141306/https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/report-majority-of-west-german-justice-ministry-officials-were-ex-nazis-following-wwii-469899\|archive-date=2021-09-20\|retrieved=2022-06-11}}</ref>		The majority of officials in the West German Justice Ministry were former members of the [[National Socialist German Workers' Party\|Nazi Party]]. 34 out of 170 officials had been members of the ''[[Sturmabteilung]]'' Nazi paramilitary. In 1957, there were more senior officials who were former Nazis than there had been during [[Adolf Hitler\|Hitler]]'s rule. Between 1949 and 1980, 54% of Interior Ministry staffers had been Nazis and 8% had been in the Nazi Interior Ministry led by [[Heinrich Himmler]].<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post\|title=Report: Majority of West German Justice Ministry officials were ex-Nazis following WWII\|date=2016-10-11\|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/report-majority-of-west-german-justice-ministry-officials-were-ex-nazis-following-wwii-469899\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920141306/https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/report-majority-of-west-german-justice-ministry-officials-were-ex-nazis-following-wwii-469899\|archive-date=2021-09-20\|retrieved=2022-06-11}}</ref>

			The ''[[Bundeskriminalamt]]'', or Federal Criminal Police Office, was mostly staffed by "supporters and willing servants of the regime" according to [[Jörg Ziercke]], who was its chief commissioner from 2004 to 2014. The BKA continued to persecute [[Romani people\|Romani]] people and as late as 1967 characterized them as a criminally inclined race while using a Nazi-era slur in their official manual.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Ralf Beste, Georg Bönisch, Thomas Darnstaedt, Jan Friedmann, Michael Fröhlingsdorf and Klaus Wiegrefe\|newspaper=Der Spiegel\|title=From Dictatorship to Democracy: The Role Ex-Nazis Played in Early West Germany\|date=2012-03-06\|url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/from-dictatorship-to-democracy-the-role-ex-nazis-played-in-early-west-germany-a-810207.html\|retrieved=2025-06-15\|quote=Hardly anyone in law enforcement was not tainted with a Nazi past. Most, says current BKA President Jörg Ziercke, were "supporters and willing servants of the regime."

			This tradition continued on the inside of the agency, even if the personnel at the BKA adjusted to the new conditions. The officers devoted special attention to people known as "country travellers," who were still referred to as "gypsies" during the Third Reich.

			A 1967 manual reads: "The penchant for an unattached vagrant lifestyle and a pronounced aversion to work are among the special attributes of a gypsy."}}</ref>

	The [[Neo-Nazism\|neo-Nazi]] [[National Democratic Party of Germany]] was founded in 1964 and grew from 473 to 50,000 members in 1969. It held sixty seats in the legislatures of eight German states. In 1968, West Germany appointed General [[Albert Schnez]] to commander-and-chief of the Bundeswehr. Schnez had joined the Nazi Party in 1933 and was a colonel in the Nazi army.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Herbert Aptheker\|year=1969\|title=Czechoslovakia and Counter-Revolution\|title-url=https://archive.org/details/ApthekerCzechoslovakia/page/n5/mode/1up?view=theater\|chapter=The Question of West Germany\|page=12–13\|city=[[New York City]]\|publisher=[[New Outlook Publishers]]}}</ref>		The [[Neo-Nazism\|neo-Nazi]] [[National Democratic Party of Germany]] was founded in 1964 and grew from 473 to 50,000 members in 1969. It held sixty seats in the legislatures of eight German states. In 1968, West Germany appointed General [[Albert Schnez]] to commander-and-chief of the Bundeswehr. Schnez had joined the Nazi Party in 1933 and was a colonel in the Nazi army.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Herbert Aptheker\|year=1969\|title=Czechoslovakia and Counter-Revolution\|title-url=https://archive.org/details/ApthekerCzechoslovakia/page/n5/mode/1up?view=theater\|chapter=The Question of West Germany\|page=12–13\|city=[[New York City]]\|publisher=[[New Outlook Publishers]]}}</ref>

ComradeSyntrofos: /* Lack of democracy */

2025-05-30T15:11:47Z

Lack of democracy

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:11, 30 May 2025
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	Unlike the later formed DDR, the West German constitution was passed without ratification of citizens and a thorough denazification policy was not implemented.		Unlike the later formed DDR, the West German constitution was passed without ratification of citizens and a thorough denazification policy was not implemented.

	Candidates for elections were chosen by rich bureaucrats, and write-in votes were not allowed~~. It was illegal to work with any organization connected to the GDR~~.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:122–3</sup>		Candidates for elections were chosen by rich bureaucrats, and write-in votes were not allowed.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:122–3</sup>

	=== Neo-Nazism ===		=== Neo-Nazism ===

General-KJ: Updated

2025-05-06T14:46:30Z

Updated

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:46, 6 May 2025
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	\|established_event6=Proclamation of the [[German Empire]]\|established_date6=18 January 1871\|established_event7=Proclamation of the [[Weimar Republic]]\|established_date7=9 November 1918\|established_event8=Beginning of the [[Nazi Germany\|Nazi regime]]\|established_date8=30 January 1933\|established_event9=[[German Instrument of Surrender\|Nazi surrender]]\|established_date9=8 May 1945\|established_event10=Proclamation of the Federal Republic\|established_date10=27 May 1949\|established_event11=[[German reunification\|West German annexation of the GDR]]\|established_date11=3 October 1990\| population_estimate = 83,190,556		\|established_event6=Proclamation of the [[German Empire]]\|established_date6=18 January 1871\|established_event7=Proclamation of the [[Weimar Republic]]\|established_date7=9 November 1918\|established_event8=Beginning of the [[Nazi Germany\|Nazi regime]]\|established_date8=30 January 1933\|established_event9=[[German Instrument of Surrender\|Nazi surrender]]\|established_date9=8 May 1945\|established_event10=Proclamation of the Federal Republic\|established_date10=27 May 1949\|established_event11=[[German reunification\|West German annexation of the GDR]]\|established_date11=3 October 1990\| population_estimate = 83,190,556
	\| population_estimate_year = 2020		\| population_estimate_year = 2020
	\| leader_title1 = President		\|currency=Euro (€)\|currency_code=EUR\|calling_code=+49\|iso3166code=DE\|cctld=.de\| leader_title1 = President
	\| leader_name1 = [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]]		\| leader_name1 = [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]]
	\| leader_title2 = Chancellor		\| leader_title2 = Chancellor
	\| leader_name2 = [[~~Olaf Scholz~~]]		\| leader_name2 = [[Friedrich Merz]]
	}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' (German: ''Bundesrepublik Deutschland''), is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is bordered by [[French Republic\|France]], [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg\|Luxembourg]], [[Kingdom of Belgium\|Belgium]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands\|Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Denmark\|Denmark]], [[Republic of Poland\|Poland]], [[Czech Republic\|Czechia]], [[Republic of Austria\|Austria]] and [[Swiss Confederation\|Switzerland]] as well as having northern coasts on the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]]. It is an [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] state in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|NATO]], the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].		}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' (German: ''Bundesrepublik Deutschland''), is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is bordered by [[French Republic\|France]], [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg\|Luxembourg]], [[Kingdom of Belgium\|Belgium]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands\|Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Denmark\|Denmark]], [[Republic of Poland\|Poland]], [[Czech Republic\|Czechia]], [[Republic of Austria\|Austria]] and [[Swiss Confederation\|Switzerland]] as well as having northern coasts on the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]]. It is an [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] state in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|NATO]], the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].

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	===Notes===		===Notes===
	<references group=Note />		<references group=Note />
	[[Category:~~Imperialist countries~~]]		[[Category:Germany]]
	[[Category:~~Global north]]~~		[[Category:Countries]]
	~~[[Category:Outline needs additional content~~]]
	[[Category:European countries]]		[[Category:European countries]]
	[[Category:Formerly fascist countries]]		[[Category:Formerly fascist countries]]
	[[Category:~~Countries~~]]		[[Category:Global north]]
			[[Category:Imperialist countries]]
			[[Category:Member states of NATO]]
			[[Category:Member states of the European Union]]

PuzzledFox99 at 19:56, 23 January 2025

2025-01-23T19:56:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:56, 23 January 2025
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	\| capital = [[Berlin]]<ref group=Note>From 1949 until unification in 1990, the capital city was [[Bonn]]. In 1990, as dictated by the [[Two plus Four Agreement]], Berlin was made the capital; and in the following year, the [[Bundestag]] was moved there.</ref>		\| capital = [[Berlin]]<ref group=Note>From 1949 until unification in 1990, the capital city was [[Bonn]]. In 1990, as dictated by the [[Two plus Four Agreement]], Berlin was made the capital; and in the following year, the [[Bundestag]] was moved there.</ref>
	\| largest_city = capital		\| largest_city = capital
	\|mode_of_production=[[Imperialism\|Imperialist ~~Capitalism~~]]\| government_type = [[Federation\|Federal]] [[Parliamentary system\|parliamentary]] [[~~Dictatorship of the bourgeoisie~~\|bourgeois ~~state~~]]		\|mode_of_production=[[Imperialism\|Imperialist capitalism]]\| government_type = [[Federation\|Federal]] [[Parliamentary system\|parliamentary]] [[Bourgeois democracy\|bourgeois republic]]
	\| established_event1 = Dissolution of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]		\| established_event1 = Dissolution of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]
	\| established_date1 = 6 August 1806		\| established_date1 = 6 August 1806
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	\| leader_title2 = Chancellor		\| leader_title2 = Chancellor
	\| leader_name2 = [[Olaf Scholz]]		\| leader_name2 = [[Olaf Scholz]]
	}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' ''(German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland)'', is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is bordered by [[French Republic\|France]], [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg\|Luxembourg]], [[Kingdom of Belgium\|Belgium]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands\|Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Denmark\|Denmark]], [[Republic of Poland\|Poland]], [[Czech Republic\|Czechia]], [[Republic of Austria\|Austria]] and [[Swiss Confederation\|Switzerland]] as well as having northern coasts on the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]]. It is an [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] state in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|NATO]], the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].		}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' (German: ''Bundesrepublik Deutschland''), is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is bordered by [[French Republic\|France]], [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg\|Luxembourg]], [[Kingdom of Belgium\|Belgium]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands\|Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Denmark\|Denmark]], [[Republic of Poland\|Poland]], [[Czech Republic\|Czechia]], [[Republic of Austria\|Austria]] and [[Swiss Confederation\|Switzerland]] as well as having northern coasts on the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]]. It is an [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] state in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|NATO]], the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].

	==History==		==History==

	=== Medieval history ===		=== Medieval history ===
	{{Main article\|Holy Roman Empire (800–1806)}}		{{Main article\|Holy Roman Empire (800–1806)}}
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	In 1952, Chancellor [[Konrad Adenauer]] rejected a Soviet offer for reunification.<ref name=":1" /><sup>:17</sup>		In 1952, Chancellor [[Konrad Adenauer]] rejected a Soviet offer for reunification.<ref name=":1" /><sup>:17</sup>

			In November 1951, the Adenauer government instituted legal proceedings aimed at outlawing the Communist Party of Germany. Organizations such as the Free German Youth League, the Democratic Women’s League, the Kulturbund, and the Peace Committee were persecuted by the state.<ref name="GSE">{{Citation\|year=1977\|chapter=Germany, Federal Republic of\|chapter-url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Germany,+Federal+Republic+of\|title=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]] (3rd ed.)\|volume=27\|page=231-254\|city=Moscow\|pdf=https://dn720004.ca.archive.org/0/items/B-001-032-507-748-ALL/БСЭ_3изд_т27_604.pdf\|trans-title=Boljšaja sovjetskaja enciklopjedija\|trans-lang=Russian}}</ref>

	=== Annexation of the GDR ===		=== Annexation of the GDR ===
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	The majority of East Germans only began to support unification in 1990, when Westerners had dropped the GDR's standard of living by more than two-thirds by shopping there with the 3:1 exchange rate. At this time, they still wanted a left-wing government. Western conservatives promised to establish a 1:1 exchange rate if bourgeois parties won the GDR's elections, leading those parties to narrowly win the 1990 elections and impose a [[Capitalism\|capitalist]] counterrevolution.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:149–50</sup>		The majority of East Germans only began to support unification in 1990, when Westerners had dropped the GDR's standard of living by more than two-thirds by shopping there with the 3:1 exchange rate. At this time, they still wanted a left-wing government. Western conservatives promised to establish a 1:1 exchange rate if bourgeois parties won the GDR's elections, leading those parties to narrowly win the 1990 elections and impose a [[Capitalism\|capitalist]] counterrevolution.<ref name=":05" /><sup>:149–50</sup>

	=== Russo-Ukrainian conflict ===		=== Russo-Ukrainian conflict ===
	Germany joined NATO's sanctions regime against Russia during the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict]], and have supplied billions of dollars to support Ukraine.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Russia Today\|title=Germany to spend billions on weapons for Ukraine – media\|date=2022-04-15\|url=https://www.rt.com/news/553958-germany-ukraine-weapons-funding/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=RSS\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/uYl7S\|archive-date=2023-07-23\|retrieved=2023-10-01}}</ref> Despite promises early in the war that they would not send tanks, eventually acquiesced to demands to supply Ukraine with Leopard and Leopard II tanks.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Adam Durbin\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Ukraine war: Germany sends much-awaited Leopard tanks\|date=2023-03-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65095126\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/8Nqrt\|archive-date=2023-03-28\|retrieved=2023-10-01}}</ref>		Germany joined NATO's sanctions regime against Russia during the [[2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict]], and have supplied billions of dollars to support Ukraine.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Russia Today\|title=Germany to spend billions on weapons for Ukraine – media\|date=2022-04-15\|url=https://www.rt.com/news/553958-germany-ukraine-weapons-funding/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=RSS\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/uYl7S\|archive-date=2023-07-23\|retrieved=2023-10-01}}</ref> Despite promises early in the war that they would not send tanks, eventually acquiesced to demands to supply Ukraine with Leopard and Leopard II tanks.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Adam Durbin\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Ukraine war: Germany sends much-awaited Leopard tanks\|date=2023-03-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65095126\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/8Nqrt\|archive-date=2023-03-28\|retrieved=2023-10-01}}</ref>
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	==Economy==		==Economy==
	The vast amount of [[~~Social democracy~~\|social programs]] in Germany are largely sustained off economic exploitation of less developed parts of [[Europe]], with German finance capital having a large amount of influence over the European banking system, the [[eurozone]], and the euro. Furthermore, the German economy, along with the other highly developed economies of Western Europe, are able to benefit greatly as a result of human capital flight from other areas in Europe, particularly the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)\|Yugoslavia]] and Balkans,<ref>{{News citation\|author=Satyajit Das\|newspaper=MarketWatch\|title=Germany and France can’t afford euro-zone bailout\|date=2012-6-7\|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/germany-and-france-cant-afford-euro-zone-bailout-2012-06-07?link=MW_story_investinginsight\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|author=Fred Goldstein\|newspaper=Workers World\|title=German imperialism and the Greek debt crisis\|date=2015-3-15\|url=https://www.workers.org/2015/03/18697/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=OECD\|title=HIGH-LEVEL CONFERENCE ON SOUTH EAST EUROPE		The vast amount of [[Welfare state\|social programs]] in Germany are largely sustained off economic exploitation of less developed parts of [[Europe]], with German finance capital having a large amount of influence over the European banking system, the [[eurozone]], and the euro. Furthermore, the German economy, along with the other highly developed economies of Western Europe, are able to benefit greatly as a result of human capital flight from other areas in Europe, particularly the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)\|Yugoslavia]] and Balkans,<ref>{{News citation\|author=Satyajit Das\|newspaper=MarketWatch\|title=Germany and France can’t afford euro-zone bailout\|date=2012-6-7\|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/germany-and-france-cant-afford-euro-zone-bailout-2012-06-07?link=MW_story_investinginsight\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|author=Fred Goldstein\|newspaper=Workers World\|title=German imperialism and the Greek debt crisis\|date=2015-3-15\|url=https://www.workers.org/2015/03/18697/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=OECD\|title=HIGH-LEVEL CONFERENCE ON SOUTH EAST EUROPE
	HUMAN CAPITAL FLIGHT - SHAPING THE FUTURE TOGETHER\|date=2022-5-17\|url=https://www.oecd.org/south-east-europe/programme/up-coming.htm\|retrieved=2022-7-2\|quote=Emigration from the Western Balkan Six (WB6) region has been significant for decades, generating a large diaspora. In 2020, more than one in five citizens born in the region lived abroad, predominantly in a handful of OECD countries. This trend is set to continue as more than one third of WB6 citizens surveyed in 2021 consider emigrating. While sustained high emigration levels, especially of young talents}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The Global Economy\|title=Human flight and brain drain in Europe\|date=2021\|url=https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/human_flight_brain_drain_index/Europe/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref> which is one of the primary goals of the European Union, that being the unfettered transportation of capital.<ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The EU single market\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001122551/http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/index_en.htm\|archive-date=2007-9-1}}</ref>		HUMAN CAPITAL FLIGHT - SHAPING THE FUTURE TOGETHER\|date=2022-5-17\|url=https://www.oecd.org/south-east-europe/programme/up-coming.htm\|retrieved=2022-7-2\|quote=Emigration from the Western Balkan Six (WB6) region has been significant for decades, generating a large diaspora. In 2020, more than one in five citizens born in the region lived abroad, predominantly in a handful of OECD countries. This trend is set to continue as more than one third of WB6 citizens surveyed in 2021 consider emigrating. While sustained high emigration levels, especially of young talents}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The Global Economy\|title=Human flight and brain drain in Europe\|date=2021\|url=https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/human_flight_brain_drain_index/Europe/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref> which is one of the primary goals of the European Union, that being the unfettered transportation of capital.<ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The EU single market\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001122551/http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/index_en.htm\|archive-date=2007-9-1}}</ref>

			Soon after the FRG was founded, the power of monopoly corporations in the countries was strengthened. In the year 1954, 72 percent of the metallurgical industry was dominated by eight firms, 82 percent of the coal industry by fifteen companies, and 75 percent of the electrical engineering industry by only two companies (namely AEG and Siemens).<ref name="GSE" />

			As of 2023, Germany is the sixth largest producer of motor vehicles in the world<ref>{{Web citation\|title=Motor vehicle production volume worldwide in 2023, by country\|newspaper=Statistica\|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/584968/leading-car-manufacturing-countries-worldwide/\|date=2024-03-28}}</ref>; in 1977, it was the third largest.<ref name="GSE" />

	==Politics==		==Politics==

Ledlecreeper27: /* History */

2024-06-12T20:29:13Z

History

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:29, 12 June 2024
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	==History==		==History==

	=== German Empire ===		=== Medieval history ===
			{{Main article\|Holy Roman Empire (800–1806)}}

			=== Unification and German Empire ===
	{{Main article\|German Empire (1871–1918)}}		{{Main article\|German Empire (1871–1918)}}

General-KJ: Minor expansion

2024-06-12T17:29:45Z

Minor expansion

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:29, 12 June 2024
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	\| leader_title2 = Chancellor		\| leader_title2 = Chancellor
	\| leader_name2 = [[Olaf Scholz]]		\| leader_name2 = [[Olaf Scholz]]
	}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' ''(German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland)'', is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].		}}'''Germany''', officially the '''Federal Republic of Germany''' ''(German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland)'', is a country in [[Central Europe]]. It is bordered by [[French Republic\|France]], [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg\|Luxembourg]], [[Kingdom of Belgium\|Belgium]], [[Kingdom of the Netherlands\|Netherlands]], [[Kingdom of Denmark\|Denmark]], [[Republic of Poland\|Poland]], [[Czech Republic\|Czechia]], [[Republic of Austria\|Austria]] and [[Swiss Confederation\|Switzerland]] as well as having northern coasts on the [[North Sea]] and [[Baltic Sea]]. It is an [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] state in [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|NATO]], the second-most populous country in [[Europe]] after [[Russian Federation\|Russia]], and the most populous and influential member state of the [[European Union]].
	==History==		==History==

	=== ~~Foundation~~ ===		=== German Empire ===
			{{Main article\|German Empire (1871–1918)}}

			=== Weimar Republic ===
			{{Main article\|German Reich (1918–1933)}}

			=== Nazi Germany ===
			{{Main article\|German Reich (1933–1945)}}

			=== West Germany ===
	[[File:Divided Germany.png\|thumb\|280x280px\|British-occupied Germany (green), French-occupied Germany (blue), Soviet-occupied Germany (red), and US-occupied Germany (yellow)]]		[[File:Divided Germany.png\|thumb\|280x280px\|British-occupied Germany (green), French-occupied Germany (blue), Soviet-occupied Germany (red), and US-occupied Germany (yellow)]]
	After the defeat of Axis forces during the [[Second World War]], Germany was divided into four zones occupied by the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]], [[United States of America\|USA]], ~~[[French Republic\|~~France]] and [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\|Great Britain]]. At the [[Yalta Conference]] in early 1945, they agreed to make all of Germany pay $10 billion reparations to the USSR. The USA violated this agreement in May 1946 and only let the USSR take reparations from the east.<ref name=":052" />		After the defeat of Axis forces during the [[Second World War]], Germany was divided into four zones occupied by the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]], [[United States of America\|USA]], France and [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\|Great Britain]]. At the [[Yalta Conference]] in early 1945, they agreed to make all of Germany pay $10 billion reparations to the USSR. The USA violated this agreement in May 1946 and only let the USSR take reparations from the east.<ref name=":052" />

	In 1946, Hesse (part of the US zone) held a referendum on nationalizing [[Bank\|banks]] and essential industries. 62% voted in favor for the first vote and 72% did the second time. In British-occupied North Rhine-Westphalia, a majority also voted to expropriate the ruling class. The occupying powers vetoed the results of these referendums.<ref name=":1">{{Citation\|author=Bruni de la Motte, John Green\|year=2015\|title=Stasi State or Socialist Paradise?\|chapter=A Difficult Birth - How the GDR Came About\|page=\|city=London\|publisher=Artery Publications\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=F1F044D71B58A8E0438E6343D942F662}}</ref><sup>:14–5</sup>		In 1946, Hesse (part of the US zone) held a referendum on nationalizing [[Bank\|banks]] and essential industries. 62% voted in favor for the first vote and 72% did the second time. In British-occupied North Rhine-Westphalia, a majority also voted to expropriate the ruling class. The occupying powers vetoed the results of these referendums.<ref name=":1">{{Citation\|author=Bruni de la Motte, John Green\|year=2015\|title=Stasi State or Socialist Paradise?\|chapter=A Difficult Birth - How the GDR Came About\|page=\|city=London\|publisher=Artery Publications\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=F1F044D71B58A8E0438E6343D942F662}}</ref><sup>:14–5</sup>
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	==Economy==		==Economy==
	The vast amount of [[Social democracy\|social programs]] in Germany are largely sustained off economic exploitation of less developed parts of [[Europe]], with German finance capital having a large amount of influence over the European banking system, the [[eurozone]], and the euro. Furthermore, the German economy, along with the other highly developed economies of Western Europe, are able to benefit greatly as a result of human capital flight from other areas in Europe, particularly the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)\|Yugoslavia]] and Balkans,<ref>{{News citation\|author=Satyajit Das\|newspaper=MarketWatch\|title=Germany and France can’t afford euro-zone bailout\|date=2012-6-7\|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/germany-and-france-cant-afford-euro-zone-bailout-2012-06-07?link=MW_story_investinginsight\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|author=Fred Goldstein\|newspaper=Workers World\|title=German imperialism and the Greek debt crisis\|date=2015-3-15\|url=https://www.workers.org/2015/03/18697/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=OECD\|title=HIGH-LEVEL CONFERENCE ON SOUTH EAST EUROPE		The vast amount of [[Social democracy\|social programs]] in Germany are largely sustained off economic exploitation of less developed parts of [[Europe]], with German finance capital having a large amount of influence over the European banking system, the [[eurozone]], and the euro. Furthermore, the German economy, along with the other highly developed economies of Western Europe, are able to benefit greatly as a result of human capital flight from other areas in Europe, particularly the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)\|Yugoslavia]] and Balkans,<ref>{{News citation\|author=Satyajit Das\|newspaper=MarketWatch\|title=Germany and France can’t afford euro-zone bailout\|date=2012-6-7\|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/germany-and-france-cant-afford-euro-zone-bailout-2012-06-07?link=MW_story_investinginsight\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|author=Fred Goldstein\|newspaper=Workers World\|title=German imperialism and the Greek debt crisis\|date=2015-3-15\|url=https://www.workers.org/2015/03/18697/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=OECD\|title=HIGH-LEVEL CONFERENCE ON SOUTH EAST EUROPE
	HUMAN CAPITAL FLIGHT - SHAPING THE FUTURE TOGETHER\|date=2022-5-17\|url=https://www.oecd.org/south-east-europe/programme/up-coming.htm\|retrieved=2022-7-2\|quote=Emigration from the Western Balkan Six (WB6) region has been significant for decades, generating a large diaspora. In 2020, more than one in five citizens born in the region lived abroad, predominantly in a handful of OECD countries. This trend is set to continue as more than one third of WB6 citizens surveyed in 2021 consider emigrating. While sustained high emigration levels, especially of young talents}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The Global Economy\|title=Human flight and brain drain in Europe\|date=2021\|url=https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/human_flight_brain_drain_index/Europe/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref> which is one of the primary goals of the [[European Union]], that being the unfettered transportation of capital.<ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The EU single market\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001122551/http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/index_en.htm\|archive-date=2007-9-1}}</ref>		HUMAN CAPITAL FLIGHT - SHAPING THE FUTURE TOGETHER\|date=2022-5-17\|url=https://www.oecd.org/south-east-europe/programme/up-coming.htm\|retrieved=2022-7-2\|quote=Emigration from the Western Balkan Six (WB6) region has been significant for decades, generating a large diaspora. In 2020, more than one in five citizens born in the region lived abroad, predominantly in a handful of OECD countries. This trend is set to continue as more than one third of WB6 citizens surveyed in 2021 consider emigrating. While sustained high emigration levels, especially of young talents}}</ref><ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The Global Economy\|title=Human flight and brain drain in Europe\|date=2021\|url=https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/human_flight_brain_drain_index/Europe/\|retrieved=2022-7-2}}</ref> which is one of the primary goals of the European Union, that being the unfettered transportation of capital.<ref>{{News citation\|newspaper=The EU single market\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001122551/http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/index_en.htm\|archive-date=2007-9-1}}</ref>

	==Politics==		==Politics==

General-KJ: Fixed broken citations

2024-04-17T22:06:50Z

Fixed broken citations

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:06, 17 April 2024
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	\| image_coat = File:Coat of arms of Germany.svg		\| image_coat = File:Coat of arms of Germany.svg
	\|national_motto=Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit<ref group=Note>From 1949 to 1962, this was 'Gott mit uns' ('God with us').</ref>\|englishmotto=Unity and Justice and Freedom\| image_map = Germany (ortographic projection).svg		\|national_motto=Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit<ref group=Note>From 1949 to 1962, this was 'Gott mit uns' ('God with us').</ref>\|englishmotto=Unity and Justice and Freedom\| image_map = Germany (ortographic projection).svg
	\| map_width = ~~220px~~		\| map_width = 320px
	\| capital = [[Berlin]]<ref group=Note>From 1949 until unification in 1990, the capital city was [[Bonn]]. In 1990, as dictated by the [[Two plus Four Agreement]], Berlin was made the capital; and in the following year, the [[Bundestag]] was moved there.</ref>		\| capital = [[Berlin]]<ref group=Note>From 1949 until unification in 1990, the capital city was [[Bonn]]. In 1990, as dictated by the [[Two plus Four Agreement]], Berlin was made the capital; and in the following year, the [[Bundestag]] was moved there.</ref>
	\| largest_city = capital		\| largest_city = capital
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	==Politics==		==Politics==
	[[File:Germany election map.png\|thumb\|2019 German election: [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany\|CDU]] (gray), [[Alliance 90/The Greens\|Greens]] (green), [[Social Democratic Party of Germany\|SPD]] (red), and [[Alternative for Germany\|AfD]] (blue)]]		[[File:Germany election map.png\|thumb\|2019 German election: [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany\|CDU]] (gray), [[Alliance 90/The Greens\|Greens]] (green), [[Social Democratic Party of Germany\|SPD]] (red), and [[Alternative for Germany\|AfD]] (blue)]]
	The [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] Alternative for Germany received 11% of the vote in the 2019 German elections, and is polling at 20% as of early 2024.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1257178/voting-intention-in-germany/}}</ref>		The [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] Alternative for Germany received 11% of the vote in the 2019 German elections, and is polling at 20% as of early 2024.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Statista\|title=Voting intentions for the German parliament from the 2021 General Election to the 22nd of March 2024, by party\|date=2024-04-02\|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1257178/voting-intention-in-germany/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411122522/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1257178/voting-intention-in-germany/\|archive-date=2024-04-11}}</ref>

	Since 2015, the AfD has become openly [[Racism\|racist]] and [[Antisemitism\|anti-Semitic]] and many of its leaders promote Nazi concepts. They also deny [[climate change]]<ref>{{Web citation\|date=2019-07-22\|title=Dissecting Identity & Democracy: the EU’s new far-right super group\|url=https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|newspaper=[[CovertAction Magazine]]\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921200918/https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|archive-date=2020-09-21\|retrieved=2022-11-23\|author=Ellen Rivera, Marsha P. Davis}}</ref> and are Germany's biggest supporters of Israel.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/loathed-by-jews-germanys-far-right-afd-loves-the-jewish-state/}}</ref>		Since 2015, the AfD has become openly [[Racism\|racist]] and [[Antisemitism\|anti-Semitic]] and many of its leaders promote Nazi concepts. They also deny [[climate change]]<ref>{{Web citation\|date=2019-07-22\|title=Dissecting Identity & Democracy: the EU’s new far-right super group\|url=https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|newspaper=[[CovertAction Magazine]]\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921200918/https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|archive-date=2020-09-21\|retrieved=2022-11-23\|author=Ellen Rivera, Marsha P. Davis}}</ref> and are Germany's biggest supporters of Israel.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Raphael Ahren\|newspaper=The Times of Israel\|title=Loathed by Jews, Germany’s far-right AfD loves the Jewish state\|date=2017-09-24\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/loathed-by-jews-germanys-far-right-afd-loves-the-jewish-state/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128094523/https://www.timesofisrael.com/loathed-by-jews-germanys-far-right-afd-loves-the-jewish-state/\|archive-date=2023-11-28}}</ref>

	=== Lack of democracy ===		=== Lack of democracy ===
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	==Infrastructure==		==Infrastructure==
			=== Energy ===
			The German economy is highly dependent on fossil fuel.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=International Trade Administration\|title=Germany - Country Commercial Guide\|date=2023-12-06\|url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/germany-energy\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404235347/https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/germany-energy\|archive-date=2024-04-04}}</ref> Renewable energy has plateaued in the last decade at 15% of total consumption.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=EnergyTransition\|title=History of the German Energiewende\|url=https://wiki.energytransition.org/wiki/history-of-the-energiewende/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204154243/http://wiki.energytransition.org/wiki/history-of-the-energiewende/\|archive-date=2023-12-04}}</ref> Germany shut down its last nuclear power plant in 2023.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management\|title=The nuclear phase-out in Germany\|url=https://www.base.bund.de/EN/ns/nuclear-phase-out/nuclear-phase-out_node.html#:~:text=The%20last%20three%20nuclear%20power%20plants%20in%20Germany%20were%20shut,April%202023%20at%20the%20latest.\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417112115/https://www.base.bund.de/EN/ns/nuclear-phase-out/nuclear-phase-out_node.html#:~:text=The%20last%20three%20nuclear%20power%20plants%20in%20Germany%20were%20shut,April%202023%20at%20the%20latest.\|archive-date=2024-04-17}}</ref>
	==Demographics==		==Demographics==
	==Culture==		==Culture==

GrainEater: Undo revision 65350 by SpaceComrade (talk) (invalid citations)

2024-04-14T14:53:46Z

Undo revision 65350 by SpaceComrade (talk) (invalid citations)

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:53, 14 April 2024
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	==Infrastructure==		==Infrastructure==

	~~=== Energy ===~~
	The German economy is highly dependent on fossil fuel.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/germany-energy}}</ref> Renewable energy has plateaued in the last decade at 15% of total consumption.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://wiki.energytransition.org/wiki/history-of-the-energiewende/}}</ref> Germany shut down its last nuclear power plant in 2023.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.base.bund.de/EN/ns/nuclear-phase-out/nuclear-phase-out_node.html#:~:text=The%20last%20three%20nuclear%20power%20plants%20in%20Germany%20were%20shut,April%202023%20at%20the%20latest.}}</ref>

	==Demographics==		==Demographics==
	==Culture==		==Culture==

SpaceComrade: /* Politics */

2024-04-13T23:18:22Z

Politics

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:18, 13 April 2024
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	==Politics==		==Politics==
	[[File:Germany election map.png\|thumb\|2019 German election: [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany\|CDU]] (gray), [[Alliance 90/The Greens\|Greens]] (green), [[Social Democratic Party of Germany\|SPD]] (red), and [[Alternative for Germany\|AfD]] (blue)]]		[[File:Germany election map.png\|thumb\|2019 German election: [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany\|CDU]] (gray), [[Alliance 90/The Greens\|Greens]] (green), [[Social Democratic Party of Germany\|SPD]] (red), and [[Alternative for Germany\|AfD]] (blue)]]
	The [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] Alternative for Germany received 11% of the vote in the 2019 German elections. Since 2015, it has become openly [[Racism\|racist]] and [[Antisemitism\|anti-Semitic]] and many of its leaders promote Nazi concepts. ~~The AfD~~ also ~~denies~~ [[climate change]].<ref>{{Web citation\|date=2019-07-22\|title=Dissecting Identity & Democracy: the EU’s new far-right super group\|url=https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|newspaper=[[CovertAction Magazine]]\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921200918/https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|archive-date=2020-09-21\|retrieved=2022-11-23\|author=Ellen Rivera, Marsha P. Davis}}</ref>		The [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] Alternative for Germany received 11% of the vote in the 2019 German elections, and is polling at 20% as of early 2024.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1257178/voting-intention-in-germany/}}</ref>

			Since 2015, the AfD has become openly [[Racism\|racist]] and [[Antisemitism\|anti-Semitic]] and many of its leaders promote Nazi concepts. They also deny [[climate change]]<ref>{{Web citation\|date=2019-07-22\|title=Dissecting Identity & Democracy: the EU’s new far-right super group\|url=https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|newspaper=[[CovertAction Magazine]]\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921200918/https://covertactionmagazine.com/2019/07/22/dissecting-identity-democracy-the-eus-new-far-right-super-group/\|archive-date=2020-09-21\|retrieved=2022-11-23\|author=Ellen Rivera, Marsha P. Davis}}</ref> and are Germany's biggest supporters of Israel.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/loathed-by-jews-germanys-far-right-afd-loves-the-jewish-state/}}</ref>

	=== Lack of democracy ===		=== Lack of democracy ===

SpaceComrade: /* Infrastructure */

2024-04-13T23:11:39Z

Infrastructure

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:11, 13 April 2024
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	==Infrastructure==		==Infrastructure==

			=== Energy ===
			The German economy is highly dependent on fossil fuel.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/germany-energy}}</ref> Renewable energy has plateaued in the last decade at 15% of total consumption.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://wiki.energytransition.org/wiki/history-of-the-energiewende/}}</ref> Germany shut down its last nuclear power plant in 2023.<ref>{{Web citation\|url=https://www.base.bund.de/EN/ns/nuclear-phase-out/nuclear-phase-out_node.html#:~:text=The%20last%20three%20nuclear%20power%20plants%20in%20Germany%20were%20shut,April%202023%20at%20the%20latest.}}</ref>

	==Demographics==		==Demographics==
	==Culture==		==Culture==