People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990) - Revision history

162.200.14.56: Frankly, I am very tired of repeating the same thing over and over again, so hopefully this is self-explanatory given my other edits.

2025-11-21T19:16:45Z

Frankly, I am very tired of repeating the same thing over and over again, so hopefully this is self-explanatory given my other edits.

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:16, 21 November 2025
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|national_anthem=Шуми Марица (1946-1947)<br>Републико наша, здравей! (1947-1951)<br>Българийо мила, земя на герои (1951-1964)<br>Мила Родино (1964-''present'')\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1946-1949\|leader1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_leader2=1949-1954\|leader2=[[Vulko Cherenkov]]\|year_leader3=1954-1989\|leader3=[[Todor Zhivkov]]\|year_leader4=1989-1990\|leader4=[[Petar Mladenov]]\|year_leader5=1990\|leader5=[[Aleksandar Lilov]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1946-1947 (first)\|representative1=[[Vasil Kolarov]]\|year_representative2=1990 (last)\|representative2=[[Zhelyu Zhelev]]\|title_deputy=Head of Government\|year_deputy1=1946-1949 (first)\|deputy1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_deputy2=1990 (last)\|deputy2=[[Andrey Lukanov]]\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxist-Leninist]] [[~~Socialist state~~\|people's ~~republic~~]]\|legislature=[[National Assembly of the People's Republic of Bulgaria\|National Assembly]]\|established_event1=People's republic established\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=15 September 1946\|established_event2=[[Library:1947 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Dimitrov Constitution]]\|established_date2=6 December 1947\|established_event3=[[Library:1971 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Zhivkov Constitution]]\|established_date3=18 May 1971\|established_event4=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date4=15 November 1990\|established_event5=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date5=12 July 1991\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.918<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Bulgarian lev\|currency_code=BGL\|drives_on=right\|calling_code=+359\|iso3166code=BG}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|national_anthem=Шуми Марица (1946-1947)<br>Републико наша, здравей! (1947-1951)<br>Българийо мила, земя на герои (1951-1964)<br>Мила Родино (1964-''present'')\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1946-1949\|leader1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_leader2=1949-1954\|leader2=[[Vulko Cherenkov]]\|year_leader3=1954-1989\|leader3=[[Todor Zhivkov]]\|year_leader4=1989-1990\|leader4=[[Petar Mladenov]]\|year_leader5=1990\|leader5=[[Aleksandar Lilov]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1946-1947 (first)\|representative1=[[Vasil Kolarov]]\|year_representative2=1990 (last)\|representative2=[[Zhelyu Zhelev]]\|title_deputy=Head of Government\|year_deputy1=1946-1949 (first)\|deputy1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_deputy2=1990 (last)\|deputy2=[[Andrey Lukanov]]\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxist-Leninist]] [[people's democracy\|people's democratic state]] (1947-1971)<br>Unitary Marxist-Leninist [[socialist state]] (1971-1990)\|legislature=[[National Assembly of the People's Republic of Bulgaria\|National Assembly]]\|established_event1=People's republic established\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=15 September 1946\|established_event2=[[Library:1947 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Dimitrov Constitution]]\|established_date2=6 December 1947\|established_event3=[[Library:1971 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Zhivkov Constitution]]\|established_date3=18 May 1971\|established_event4=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date4=15 November 1990\|established_event5=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date5=12 July 1991\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.918<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Bulgarian lev\|currency_code=BGL\|drives_on=right\|calling_code=+359\|iso3166code=BG}}
	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' ('''PRB'''; Bulgarian: Народна Република България ('''НРБ''')'', Narodna Republika Bŭlgariya,'' '''NRB''') was a [[socialist state]] in south-eastern [[Europe]], in the Balkan peninsula, that existed from 1946 to 1990. Its citizens had [[Universal healthcare\|free healthcare]] and a retirement of age of 55 for women and 60 for men.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Michael Parenti]]\|year=2000\|title=To Kill a Nation\|chapter=Yugoslavia's Future: Is It Bulgaria?\|page=192–193\|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf\|publisher=Verso}}</ref>		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' ('''PRB'''; Bulgarian: Народна Република България ('''НРБ''')'', Narodna Republika Bŭlgariya,'' '''NRB''') was a [[socialist state]] in south-eastern [[Europe]], in the Balkan peninsula, that existed from 1946 to 1990. Its citizens had [[Universal healthcare\|free healthcare]] and a retirement of age of 55 for women and 60 for men.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Michael Parenti]]\|year=2000\|title=To Kill a Nation\|chapter=Yugoslavia's Future: Is It Bulgaria?\|page=192–193\|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf\|publisher=Verso}}</ref>

TheKanzler: Expanded infobox and lede

2023-10-01T07:26:17Z

Expanded infobox and lede

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:26, 1 October 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|~~Marxist-Leninist~~ people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|national_anthem=Шуми Марица (1946-1947)<br>Републико наша, здравей! (1947-1951)<br>Българийо мила, земя на герои (1951-1964)<br>Мила Родино (1964-''present'')\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1946-1949\|leader1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_leader2=1949-1954\|leader2=[[Vulko Cherenkov]]\|year_leader3=1954-1989\|leader3=[[Todor Zhivkov]]\|year_leader4=1989-1990\|leader4=[[Petar Mladenov]]\|year_leader5=1990\|leader5=[[Aleksandar Lilov]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1946-1947 (first)\|representative1=[[Vasil Kolarov]]\|year_representative2=1990 (last)\|representative2=[[Zhelyu Zhelev]]\|title_deputy=Head of Government\|year_deputy1=1946-1949 (first)\|deputy1=[[Georgi Dimitrov]]\|year_deputy2=1990 (last)\|deputy2=[[Andrey Lukanov]]\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxist-Leninist]] [[Socialist state\|people's republic]]\|legislature=[[National Assembly of the People's Republic of Bulgaria\|National Assembly]]\|established_event1=People's republic established\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=15 September 1946\|established_event2=[[Library:1947 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Dimitrov Constitution]]\|established_date2=6 December 1947\|established_event3=[[Library:1971 Constitution of Bulgaria\|Zhivkov Constitution]]\|established_date3=18 May 1971\|established_event4=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date4=15 November 1990\|established_event5=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date5=12 July 1991\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.918<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Bulgarian lev\|currency_code=BGL\|drives_on=right\|calling_code=+359\|iso3166code=BG}}
	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in ~~southeastern~~ [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990. Its citizens had [[Universal healthcare\|free healthcare]] and a retirement of age of 55 for women and 60 for men.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Michael Parenti]]\|year=2000\|title=To Kill a Nation\|chapter=Yugoslavia's Future: Is It Bulgaria?\|page=192–193\|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf\|publisher=Verso}}</ref>		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' ('''PRB'''; Bulgarian: Народна Република България ('''НРБ''')'', Narodna Republika Bŭlgariya,'' '''NRB''') was a [[socialist state]] in south-eastern [[Europe]], in the Balkan peninsula, that existed from 1946 to 1990. Its citizens had [[Universal healthcare\|free healthcare]] and a retirement of age of 55 for women and 60 for men.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Michael Parenti]]\|year=2000\|title=To Kill a Nation\|chapter=Yugoslavia's Future: Is It Bulgaria?\|page=192–193\|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf\|publisher=Verso}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==

	===~~Counterrevolution~~===		===Counter-revolution===
	In 1990, Bulgaria held its first ~~multiparty~~ elections since the [[Second World War]]. The [[Union of Democratic Forces]] coalition received $2 million from the [[National Endowment for Democracy\|NED]] to influence the election. Despite Western interference, the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]] won 47% of the vote compared to 36% for the UDF. Hundreds of observers from Western Europe acknowledged that the election was fair.		In 1990, Bulgaria held its first multi-party elections since the [[Second World War]]. The [[Union of Democratic Forces]] coalition received $2 million from the [[National Endowment for Democracy\|NED]] to influence the election. Despite Western interference, the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]] won 47% of the vote compared to 36% for the UDF. Hundreds of observers from Western Europe acknowledged that the election was fair.

	On 6 July, President [[Petar Mladenov]] resigned due to a week of protests and a hunger strike outside parliament. Interior minister [[Atanas Smerdijev]] also resigned and parliament elected UDF leader [[Zhelyu Zelev]] as president. Counterrevolutionaries burned down and looted the headquarters of the Socialist Party.		On 6 July, President [[Petar Mladenov]] resigned due to a week of protests and a hunger strike outside parliament. Interior minister [[Atanas Smerdijev]] also resigned and parliament elected UDF leader [[Zhelyu Zelev]] as president. Counterrevolutionaries burned down and looted the headquarters of the Socialist Party.

Ledlecreeper27: Retirement ages

2023-06-13T15:25:17Z

Retirement ages

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:25, 13 June 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}
	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990.		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990. Its citizens had [[Universal healthcare\|free healthcare]] and a retirement of age of 55 for women and 60 for men.<ref name=":02">{{Citation\|author=[[Michael Parenti]]\|year=2000\|title=To Kill a Nation\|chapter=Yugoslavia's Future: Is It Bulgaria?\|page=192–193\|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf\|publisher=Verso}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==

Ledlecreeper27 at 14:16, 13 June 2023

2023-06-13T14:16:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:16, 13 June 2023
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	On 6 July, President [[Petar Mladenov]] resigned due to a week of protests and a hunger strike outside parliament. Interior minister [[Atanas Smerdijev]] also resigned and parliament elected UDF leader [[Zhelyu Zelev]] as president. Counterrevolutionaries burned down and looted the headquarters of the Socialist Party.		On 6 July, President [[Petar Mladenov]] resigned due to a week of protests and a hunger strike outside parliament. Interior minister [[Atanas Smerdijev]] also resigned and parliament elected UDF leader [[Zhelyu Zelev]] as president. Counterrevolutionaries burned down and looted the headquarters of the Socialist Party.

	On 23 November, the UDF stormed out of parliament after failing to remove Prime Minister [[Andrey Lukanov]] in a no-confidence motion. The UDF narrowly won the next election, but its cabinet and vice president resigned. In July 1993, protesters prevented the president from entering office for ~~amonth~~.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Blum\|year=2004\|title=[[Killing Hope]]\|chapter=Bulgaria, 1990; Albania, 1991: Teaching communists what democracy is all about\|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/bulgaria-albania\|publisher=Common Courage Press\|isbn=9781567512526}}</ref>		On 23 November, the UDF stormed out of parliament after failing to remove Prime Minister [[Andrey Lukanov]] in a no-confidence motion. The UDF narrowly won the next election, but its cabinet and vice president resigned. In July 1993, protesters prevented the president from entering office for a month.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Blum\|year=2004\|title=[[Killing Hope]]\|chapter=Bulgaria, 1990; Albania, 1991: Teaching communists what democracy is all about\|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/bulgaria-albania\|publisher=Common Courage Press\|isbn=9781567512526}}</ref>

	==Agriculture==		== Economy ==

			=== Agriculture ===
	From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>		From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>

	==Education==		== Living standards ==

			=== Education ===
	Children between ages 9–13 participated in the [[Dimitrovist Pioneer Organization "Septemberists"\|Pioneers]] and youth aged 14–18 participated in the Komsomol.		Children between ages 9–13 participated in the [[Dimitrovist Pioneer Organization "Septemberists"\|Pioneers]] and youth aged 14–18 participated in the Komsomol.

	All universities in Bulgaria were publicly owned under socialism. They were difficult to get into but had free tuition and guaranteed jobs after graduation.<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|author=F.S.\|newspaper=[[Political Affairs]]\|title=An experiment in living socialism: Bulgaria then and now\|date=2013-10-02\|url=http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618093545/http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-date=2022-06-18\|retrieved=2022-06-27}}</ref>		All universities in Bulgaria were publicly owned under socialism. They were difficult to get into but had free tuition and guaranteed jobs after graduation.<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|author=F.S.\|newspaper=[[Political Affairs]]\|title=An experiment in living socialism: Bulgaria then and now\|date=2013-10-02\|url=http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618093545/http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-date=2022-06-18\|retrieved=2022-06-27}}</ref>

	==Health care==		=== Health care ===
	Bulgaria had one of the best medical systems in [[Eastern Europe]] and high-quality medications were available for low prices. Women had three years of partially paid maternity leave.<ref name=":0" />		Bulgaria had one of the best medical systems in [[Eastern Europe]] and high-quality medications were available for low prices. Women had three years of partially paid maternity leave.<ref name=":0" />

	==Public transportation==		=== Public transportation ===
	Socialist Bulgaria had an excellent public transportation system. Bus tickets only cost four cents, 1/18 of what they now cost in Bulgaria.<ref name=":0" />		Socialist Bulgaria had an excellent public transportation system. Bus tickets only cost four cents, 1/18 of what they now cost in Bulgaria.<ref name=":0" />

Forte: Updated category name

2022-12-01T01:15:04Z

Updated category name

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:15, 1 December 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}

	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990.		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990.

	== History ==		==History==

	=== Counterrevolution ===		===Counterrevolution===
	In 1990, Bulgaria held its first multiparty elections since the [[Second World War]]. The [[Union of Democratic Forces]] coalition received $2 million from the [[National Endowment for Democracy\|NED]] to influence the election. Despite Western interference, the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]] won 47% of the vote compared to 36% for the UDF. Hundreds of observers from Western Europe acknowledged that the election was fair.		In 1990, Bulgaria held its first multiparty elections since the [[Second World War]]. The [[Union of Democratic Forces]] coalition received $2 million from the [[National Endowment for Democracy\|NED]] to influence the election. Despite Western interference, the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]] won 47% of the vote compared to 36% for the UDF. Hundreds of observers from Western Europe acknowledged that the election was fair.

Line 15:		Line 14:
	From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>		From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>

	== Education ==		==Education==
	Children between ages 9–13 participated in the [[Dimitrovist Pioneer Organization "Septemberists"\|Pioneers]] and youth aged 14–18 participated in the Komsomol.		Children between ages 9–13 participated in the [[Dimitrovist Pioneer Organization "Septemberists"\|Pioneers]] and youth aged 14–18 participated in the Komsomol.

	All universities in Bulgaria were publicly owned under socialism. They were difficult to get into but had free tuition and guaranteed jobs after graduation.<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|author=F.S.\|newspaper=[[Political Affairs]]\|title=An experiment in living socialism: Bulgaria then and now\|date=2013-10-02\|url=http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618093545/http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-date=2022-06-18\|retrieved=2022-06-27}}</ref>		All universities in Bulgaria were publicly owned under socialism. They were difficult to get into but had free tuition and guaranteed jobs after graduation.<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|author=F.S.\|newspaper=[[Political Affairs]]\|title=An experiment in living socialism: Bulgaria then and now\|date=2013-10-02\|url=http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618093545/http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-date=2022-06-18\|retrieved=2022-06-27}}</ref>

	== Health care ==		==Health care==
	Bulgaria had one of the best medical systems in [[Eastern Europe]] and high-quality medications were available for low prices. Women had three years of partially paid maternity leave.<ref name=":0" />		Bulgaria had one of the best medical systems in [[Eastern Europe]] and high-quality medications were available for low prices. Women had three years of partially paid maternity leave.<ref name=":0" />

	== Public transportation ==		==Public transportation==
	Socialist Bulgaria had an excellent public transportation system. Bus tickets only cost four cents, 1/18 of what they now cost in Bulgaria.<ref name=":0" />		Socialist Bulgaria had an excellent public transportation system. Bus tickets only cost four cents, 1/18 of what they now cost in Bulgaria.<ref name=":0" />

	==References==		==References==
	[[Category:Former socialist ~~republics~~]]		<references />
			[[Category:Former socialist states]]

Ledlecreeper27: Ledlecreeper27 moved page People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1989) to People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990): Fixed years

2022-07-31T19:52:11Z

Ledlecreeper27 moved page People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1989) to People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990): Fixed years

← Older revision	Revision as of 19:52, 31 July 2022
(No difference)

Ledlecreeper27: Counterrevolution

2022-07-31T19:51:33Z

Counterrevolution

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:51, 31 July 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist ~~People~~'s ~~Republic~~]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist people's republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}

	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to ~~1989~~.		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1990.

			== History ==

			=== Counterrevolution ===
			In 1990, Bulgaria held its first multiparty elections since the [[Second World War]]. The [[Union of Democratic Forces]] coalition received $2 million from the [[National Endowment for Democracy\|NED]] to influence the election. Despite Western interference, the [[Bulgarian Socialist Party]] won 47% of the vote compared to 36% for the UDF. Hundreds of observers from Western Europe acknowledged that the election was fair.

			On 6 July, President [[Petar Mladenov]] resigned due to a week of protests and a hunger strike outside parliament. Interior minister [[Atanas Smerdijev]] also resigned and parliament elected UDF leader [[Zhelyu Zelev]] as president. Counterrevolutionaries burned down and looted the headquarters of the Socialist Party.

			On 23 November, the UDF stormed out of parliament after failing to remove Prime Minister [[Andrey Lukanov]] in a no-confidence motion. The UDF narrowly won the next election, but its cabinet and vice president resigned. In July 1993, protesters prevented the president from entering office for amonth.<ref>{{Citation\|author=William Blum\|year=2004\|title=[[Killing Hope]]\|chapter=Bulgaria, 1990; Albania, 1991: Teaching communists what democracy is all about\|chapter-url=https://williamblum.org/chapters/killing-hope/bulgaria-albania\|publisher=Common Courage Press\|isbn=9781567512526}}</ref>

	==Agriculture==		==Agriculture==

Wisconcom at 23:05, 8 July 2022

2022-07-08T23:05:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:05, 8 July 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=[[Socialist state\|Marxist-Leninist People's Republic]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}

	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1989.		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1989.

Ledlecreeper27 at 18:27, 27 June 2022

2022-06-27T18:27:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:27, 27 June 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}		{{Infobox country\|name=People's Republic of Bulgaria\|native_name=<span lang="bg" dir="ltr">Народна Република България</span>\|image_flag=People's Republic of Bulgaria flag.png\|image_coat=Socialist Bulgaria coat of arms (1971–1990).png\|flag_caption=Flag (1971–1990)\|capital=[[Sofia]]\|largest_city=[[Sofia]]\|official_languages=Bulgarian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|area_km2=110,994\|population_estimate=8,987,000\|population_estimate_year=1989}}

	The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1989.		The '''People's Republic of Bulgaria''' was a [[socialist state]] in southeastern [[Europe]] that existed from 1946 to 1989.
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	==Agriculture==		==Agriculture==
	From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>		From fall 1948 to spring 1949, 1,000 agricultural cooperatives were formed in Bulgaria, encompassing 13.3% of households in the country. By March 1949, the country's 1,600 cooperatives took up 5,400 km<sup>2</sup> of land.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Organ of the Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers’ Parties\|title=Development of Agricultural Co-operatives in Bulgaria\|date=1949-11-18\|url=http://www.directdemocracy4u.uk/people-s-democracy/development-of-agricultural-co-operatives-in-bulgaria\|retrieved=2022-04-17}}</ref>

			== Education ==
			Children between ages 9–13 participated in the [[Dimitrovist Pioneer Organization "Septemberists"\|Pioneers]] and youth aged 14–18 participated in the Komsomol.

			All universities in Bulgaria were publicly owned under socialism. They were difficult to get into but had free tuition and guaranteed jobs after graduation.<ref name=":0">{{News citation\|author=F.S.\|newspaper=[[Political Affairs]]\|title=An experiment in living socialism: Bulgaria then and now\|date=2013-10-02\|url=http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618093545/http://politicalaffairs.net/an-experiment-in-living-socialism-bulgaria-then-and-now/\|archive-date=2022-06-18\|retrieved=2022-06-27}}</ref>

			== Health care ==
			Bulgaria had one of the best medical systems in [[Eastern Europe]] and high-quality medications were available for low prices. Women had three years of partially paid maternity leave.<ref name=":0" />

			== Public transportation ==
			Socialist Bulgaria had an excellent public transportation system. Bus tickets only cost four cents, 1/18 of what they now cost in Bulgaria.<ref name=":0" />

	==References==		==References==
	[[Category:Former socialist republics]]		[[Category:Former socialist republics]]

Forte: Forte moved page People's Republic of Bulgaria to People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1989): START-END dates for past-existing states

2022-05-11T05:24:15Z

Forte moved page People's Republic of Bulgaria to People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1989): START-END dates for past-existing states

← Older revision	Revision as of 05:24, 11 May 2022
(No difference)