Republic of Cuba - Revision history

CriticalResist: /* Short and long-term plans */ mistyped number

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Short and long-term plans: mistyped number

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	In the short term, Cuba expects to reduce the budget deficit to a manageable level, increasing and diversifying the external income,<ref name="programa" /><ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Fortalecer en el ámbito local la implementación del Programa Económico y Social del Gobierno 2026\|date=2026-04-16\|url=https://www.granma.cu/cuba/2026-04-16/fortalecer-en-el-ambito-local-la-implementacion-del-programa-economico-y-social-del-gobierno-2026\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> and increase national production particularly in food and import substitution.<ref name="programa" /> In the context of the energy crisis Cuba finds itself in, the government expects the reforms will reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and encourage private and foreign investment in producing renewable, local energy.<ref name="programa" /><ref>{{News citation\|author=Xinhua\|newspaper=Xinhua\|title=古巴确定系列举措应对美国极限施压\|date=2026-06-13\|url=https://app.xinhuanet.com/20260613/8fbcd93e573a4209a14a0fec2b3c0fe7/c.html\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>		In the short term, Cuba expects to reduce the budget deficit to a manageable level, increasing and diversifying the external income,<ref name="programa" /><ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Fortalecer en el ámbito local la implementación del Programa Económico y Social del Gobierno 2026\|date=2026-04-16\|url=https://www.granma.cu/cuba/2026-04-16/fortalecer-en-el-ambito-local-la-implementacion-del-programa-economico-y-social-del-gobierno-2026\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> and increase national production particularly in food and import substitution.<ref name="programa" /> In the context of the energy crisis Cuba finds itself in, the government expects the reforms will reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and encourage private and foreign investment in producing renewable, local energy.<ref name="programa" /><ref>{{News citation\|author=Xinhua\|newspaper=Xinhua\|title=古巴确定系列举措应对美国极限施压\|date=2026-06-13\|url=https://app.xinhuanet.com/20260613/8fbcd93e573a4209a14a0fec2b3c0fe7/c.html\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>

	The reforms also provide immediate relief for workers and the vulnerable: the minimum monthly wage for state workers will increase from 2100 to ~~3110~~ pesos, and retirement requirements will be relaxed. Social policies for families and households have been expanded and universal subsidies will be eliminated in favor of more targeted support.<ref name="programa" /><ref name="salarial" /> Caretakers will be allowed to count up to 10 years of family caregiving toward the minimum 30‑year contribution period, thereby easing access to retirement. These reforms will be the first to be enacted.		The reforms also provide immediate relief for workers and the vulnerable: the minimum monthly wage for state workers will increase from 2100 to 3210 pesos, and retirement requirements will be relaxed. Social policies for families and households have been expanded and universal subsidies will be eliminated in favor of more targeted support.<ref name="programa" /><ref name="salarial" /> Caretakers will be allowed to count up to 10 years of family caregiving toward the minimum 30‑year contribution period, thereby easing access to retirement. These reforms will be the first to be enacted.

	The reforms target specific sectors with concrete instruments, among which:<ref name="gestion">{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Empresa estatal socialista y formas de gestión: Propuestas de transformaciones económicas y sociales en Cuba\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/empresa-estatal-socialista-y-formas-de-gestion-propuestas-de-transformaciones-economicas-y-sociales-en-cuba/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>		The reforms target specific sectors with concrete instruments, among which:<ref name="gestion">{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Empresa estatal socialista y formas de gestión: Propuestas de transformaciones económicas y sociales en Cuba\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/empresa-estatal-socialista-y-formas-de-gestion-propuestas-de-transformaciones-economicas-y-sociales-en-cuba/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>

CriticalResist: fixing links

2026-06-21T14:38:15Z

fixing links

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	=== June 2026 economic reforms ===		=== June 2026 economic reforms ===
	In June 2026, Prime Minister [[Manuel Marrero]] presented a plan of 176 economic reforms divided into 23 key areas at the National Assembly of People's Power.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Presentan transformaciones económicas y sociales ante el Parlamento cubano (+ Cobertura Especial)\|date=2026-06-18\|url=https://www.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-18/~~presentan~~-~~transformaciones~~-~~economicas~~-y-~~sociales~~-~~ante~~-el-~~parlamento~~-~~cubano~~-~~cobertura~~-~~especial~~\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> The reforms were later approved by the National Assembly.<ref name="salarial">{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Aprueban propuesta de reforma salarial integral en el sector estatal y nuevas medidas de protección social en Cuba\|date=2026-06-19\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/19/aprueban-propuesta-de-reforma-salarial-integral-en-el-sector-estatal-y-nuevas-medidas-de-proteccion-social-en-cuba/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>		In June 2026, Prime Minister [[Manuel Marrero]] presented a plan of 176 economic reforms divided into 23 key areas at the National Assembly of People's Power.<ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Presentan transformaciones económicas y sociales ante el Parlamento cubano (+ Cobertura Especial)\|date=2026-06-18\|url=https://www.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-18/comenzo-la-tercera-sesion-extraordinaria-de-la-asamblea-nacional-del-poder-popular\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> The reforms were later approved by the National Assembly.<ref name="salarial">{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Aprueban propuesta de reforma salarial integral en el sector estatal y nuevas medidas de protección social en Cuba\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/aprueban-propuesta-de-reforma-salarial-integral-en-el-sector-estatal-y-nuevas-medidas-de-proteccion-social-en-cuba/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>

	==== Background and context ====		==== Background and context ====

CriticalResist at 21:47, 20 June 2026

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CriticalResist: corrected quote

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	==== Background and context ====		==== Background and context ====
	The reforms were presented in what Prime Minister Marrero described as "~~the most complex context that the country has faced since the special period<ref group="lower-alpha">The economic crisis starting from 1991 after the overthrow of the Soviet Union. Cuba faced~~ a ~~major crisis~~, ~~including fuel shortages, as~~ the ~~Soviet Union was one~~ of the ~~only countries in~~ the ~~world defying~~ the ~~U.S. embargo to provide the island nation with fuel and trade.</ref>~~".<ref name="granma_en">{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Economic and Social Transformations presented to Cuban Parliament\|date=2026-06-19\|url=https://en.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-19/economic-and-social-transformations-presented-to-cuban-parliament\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> This complexity arises from an "unprecedented combination of coercive measures by the United States government", which has interrupted fuel supplies and sources of foreign currency income, severely affecting energy infrastructure and the population's quality of life.<ref name="granma_en" /> President Miguel Díaz‑Canel stated plainly that "Cuba ... is living through the most difficult hours of this century and we have the historic responsibility to save it".<ref>{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Díaz-Canel: Cuba vive las horas más difíciles y tenemos el deber de salvarla\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/diaz-canel-cuba-vive-las-horas-mas-dificiles-y-tenemos-el-deber-de-salvarla/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>		The reforms were presented in what Prime Minister Marrero described as "not constitut[ing] a surrender, but rather the sovereign adaptation of the development instruments to the specific circumstances of the country".<ref name="granma_en">{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Economic and Social Transformations presented to Cuban Parliament\|date=2026-06-19\|url=https://en.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-19/economic-and-social-transformations-presented-to-cuban-parliament\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> This complexity arises from an "unprecedented combination of coercive measures by the United States government", which has interrupted fuel supplies and sources of foreign currency income, severely affecting energy infrastructure and the population's quality of life.<ref name="granma_en" /> President Miguel Díaz‑Canel stated plainly that "Cuba ... is living through the most difficult hours of this century and we have the historic responsibility to save it".<ref>{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Díaz-Canel: Cuba vive las horas más difíciles y tenemos el deber de salvarla\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/diaz-canel-cuba-vive-las-horas-mas-dificiles-y-tenemos-el-deber-de-salvarla/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref>

	The Communist Party stresses that these are not improvized decisions. The reforms were debated at an Extraordinary Plenum of the Party's Central Committee on June 17, 2026, before being presented to the National Assembly<ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Extraordinary Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba convened\|date=2026-06-16\|url=https://en.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-16/extraordinary-plenum-of-the-central-committee-of-the-communist-party-of-cuba-convened\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> Díaz‑Canel insisted that "everything approved today arrived here with the backing of successive analyses, debates and government programmes", and that the transformations "do not contradict the Constitution".<ref>{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Díaz-Canel: Cuba vive las horas más difíciles y tenemos el deber de salvarla\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/diaz-canel-cuba-vive-las-horas-mas-dificiles-y-tenemos-el-deber-de-salvarla/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> They are the product of a popular consultation that enriched the Government's Economic and Social Program, which itself builds on transformations approved since the 6th Party Congress in 2011.<ref name="granma_en" /> The Party and Government, "in the legitimate exercise of their sovereignty", have promoted these measures to "reactivate the economy and correct distortions".<ref name="granma_en" />		The Communist Party stresses that these are not improvized decisions. The reforms were debated at an Extraordinary Plenum of the Party's Central Committee on June 17, 2026, before being presented to the National Assembly<ref>{{News citation\|author=Granma\|newspaper=Granma\|title=Extraordinary Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba convened\|date=2026-06-16\|url=https://en.granma.cu/cuba/2026-06-16/extraordinary-plenum-of-the-central-committee-of-the-communist-party-of-cuba-convened\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> Díaz‑Canel insisted that "everything approved today arrived here with the backing of successive analyses, debates and government programmes", and that the transformations "do not contradict the Constitution".<ref>{{News citation\|author=Cubadebate\|newspaper=Cubadebate\|title=Díaz-Canel: Cuba vive las horas más difíciles y tenemos el deber de salvarla\|date=2026-06-18\|url=http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2026/06/18/diaz-canel-cuba-vive-las-horas-mas-dificiles-y-tenemos-el-deber-de-salvarla/\|retrieved=2026-06-20}}</ref> They are the product of a popular consultation that enriched the Government's Economic and Social Program, which itself builds on transformations approved since the 6th Party Congress in 2011.<ref name="granma_en" /> The Party and Government, "in the legitimate exercise of their sovereignty", have promoted these measures to "reactivate the economy and correct distortions".<ref name="granma_en" />

CriticalResist: integrated the economic reforms of june 2026

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integrated the economic reforms of june 2026

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 [[File:Human Development vs Ecological Footprint.jpg|alt=Graph showing that Cuba excels in having a low ecological for its high human development index |thumb|Human Development vs Ecological Footprint, showing that Cuba is among the most ecologically friendly countries compared to its HDI rating]]
 Cuba is the most sustainably developed country worldwide, achieving high levels of social performance with low levels of ecological impact.<ref>Jason Hickel (2019). ''The sustainable development index: Measuring the ecological efficiency of human development in the anthropocene.'' Ecological Economics. {{Doi|10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.05.011}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|author=World Wildlife Fund|title=The Other Cuban Revolution|title-url=https://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?1944/the-other-cuban-revolution}}</ref><ref>[https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/As-World-Burns-Cuba-Number-1-for-Sustainable-Development-WWF-20161027-0018.html As world burns, Cuba number 1 for sustainable development: WWF]. ''Telesur''.</ref>
 == Politics ==

CriticalResist: Reverted edit by 47.204.48.26 (talk) to last revision by Verda.Majo

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Reverted edit by 47.204.48.26 (talk) to last revision by Verda.Majo

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	\| largest_city = capital		\| largest_city = capital
	\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = Unitary [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]		\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = Unitary [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]
	\| established_event1 = Statesian occupation		\| established_event1 = Start of Statesian occupation
	\| established_date1 = ~~1899-1902~~		\| established_date1 = 10 December 1898
	\|established_event2=Victory of the [[Cuban Revolution]]\|established_date2=1 January 1959\| population_estimate = 9,~~748~~,~~007~~		\|established_event2=Victory of the [[Cuban Revolution]]\|established_date2=1 January 1959\| population_estimate = 11,193,470
	\| population_estimate_year = ~~2024~~		\| population_estimate_year = 2019
	\| leader_title1 = First Secretary,<br/>President		\| leader_title1 = First Secretary,<br/>President
	\| leader_name1 = [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]]		\| leader_name1 = [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]]

47.204.48.26 at 21:22, 17 May 2026

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	\| largest_city = capital		\| largest_city = capital
	\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = Unitary [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]		\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = Unitary [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]
	\| established_event1 = ~~Start of~~ Statesian occupation		\| established_event1 = Statesian occupation
	\| established_date1 = ~~10 December 1898~~		\| established_date1 = 1899-1902
	\|established_event2=Victory of the [[Cuban Revolution]]\|established_date2=1 January 1959\| population_estimate = 11,~~193~~,~~470~~		\|established_event2=Victory of the [[Cuban Revolution]]\|established_date2=1 January 1959\| population_estimate = 9,748,007
	\| population_estimate_year = ~~2019~~		\| population_estimate_year = 2024
	\| leader_title1 = First Secretary,<br/>President		\| leader_title1 = First Secretary,<br/>President
	\| leader_name1 = [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]]		\| leader_name1 = [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]]

Verda.Majo: /* External links */ added some government, media and other websites

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External links: added some government, media and other websites

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 == External links ==
 * [https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/sites/default/files/goc-2022-o99.pdf 2022 Family Code]
 ==References==

162.200.14.56: harmonize with other socialist state articles

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harmonize with other socialist state articles

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	\| capital = [[Havana]]		\| capital = [[Havana]]
	\| largest_city = capital		\| largest_city = capital
	\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]		\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\| government_type = Unitary [[Marxist–Leninist]] [[socialist state]]
	\| established_event1 = Start of Statesian occupation		\| established_event1 = Start of Statesian occupation
	\| established_date1 = 10 December 1898		\| established_date1 = 10 December 1898

General-KJ: Undo revision 86723 by Charhapiti (talk)

2025-09-20T22:32:33Z

Undo revision 86723 by Charhapiti (talk)

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	The exile narrative also omits the fact that there is a circular migration and return of many of the migrated. The "exile" narrative is a remnant of the [[Cold War]] era, a propaganda narrative used to belittle and distort the Cuban reality.<ref>{{Textcite\|author=Katarzyna Dembicz\|year=2020\|title=The end of the myth of the Cuban exile? Current trends in Cuban emigration\|pdf=http://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/download/9429/9286\|publisher=International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal. Vol. 25, No. 1/2020\|lg=}}</ref> Besides the political motivation behind the first waves of migration, since the 90s there is an economic reason behind the migration waves, mainly related to the blockade promoted by the US and the [[overthrow of the Soviet Union]], which immensely affected the Cuban economy.		The exile narrative also omits the fact that there is a circular migration and return of many of the migrated. The "exile" narrative is a remnant of the [[Cold War]] era, a propaganda narrative used to belittle and distort the Cuban reality.<ref>{{Textcite\|author=Katarzyna Dembicz\|year=2020\|title=The end of the myth of the Cuban exile? Current trends in Cuban emigration\|pdf=http://czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl/international/article/download/9429/9286\|publisher=International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal. Vol. 25, No. 1/2020\|lg=}}</ref> Besides the political motivation behind the first waves of migration, since the 90s there is an economic reason behind the migration waves, mainly related to the blockade promoted by the US and the [[overthrow of the Soviet Union]], which immensely affected the Cuban economy.

	~~== Edit this ==~~

	The Cuban Revolution, led by Fidel Castro and Ernesto “Che” Guevara, was a Communist revolution which aimed to address issues of inequality, poverty, and national self-determination. Under Castro’s leadership, the Cuban government nationalized industries, implemented land reforms, and initiated programs to improve healthcare and education access.

	~~Brief History~~

	Slavery was introduced to Cuba by the Spanish during the early 16th century. African slaves were brought to the island to work on sugar plantations, which became the backbone of the Cuban economy. The brutal conditions of slavery led to various slave rebellions and uprisings throughout the colonial period.

	~~In 1898, the Spanish-American War resulted in Spain ceding control of Cuba to the United States.~~

	The majority of workers in Cuban sugar plantations during this period were either former slaves or descendants of enslaved Africans. Despite the official abolition of slavery in 1886, workers faced extreme economic exploitation. They were trapped in a cycle of poverty, with low wages and limited opportunities for social and economic mobility. The patronato system emerged, where former slaves and their descendants continued to work on the plantations under debt peonage, a form of economic bondage.

	In 1952, Fulgencio Batista seized power in a military coup, suspending the Cuban Constitution and ruling as a dictator. Batista’s regime was backed by influential Cuban elites, including large landowners, sugar magnates, and business tycoons who benefited from Batista’s policies. The U.S. provided military aid and economic support to Batista’s military dictatorship.

	{{Quote\|…as Castro’s revolutionary threat became progressively more potent… the Batista regime sought to counter it with a campaign of terror. As regime-inspired terrorism mounted, anti-Batista groups engaged in counter terrorism against regime supporters and by mid-1958 killings had become widespread and general throughout the country. The regime’s campaign of terror got out of control and the government in Havana probably had no clear idea of how many killings the police and army forces were committing. Similarly, the anti-Batista forces–which by mid-1958 had the support of 80 to 90 percent of the population-- had little control over the acts of counterterrorism being committed against pro-Batista elements throughout the country.

	…the large-scale campaigns of murders and terrorism characteristic of the last years of the Batista regime have not occurred during the Castro regime.\|CIA. (1965, declassified 2005). [http://web.archive.org/web/20201119103419/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP79T00429A000300030015-8.pdf Political Murders in Cuba: Batista Era Compared With Castro Regime]}}

	~~The Embargo~~
	{{Quote\|The majority of Cubans support Castro… The only foreseeable means of alienating internal support is through disenchantment and disaffection based on economic dissatisfaction and hardship… it follows that every possible means should be undertaken promptly to weaken the economic life of Cuba. If such a policy is adopted, it should be the result of a positive decision which would call forth a line of action which, while as adroit and inconspicuous as possible, makes the greatest inroads in denying money and supplies to Cuba, to decrease monetary and real wages, to bring about hunger, desperation and overthrow of government.\|Lester D. Mallory. (1960). [https://archive.is/HE7Hf 499. Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Mallory) to the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Rubottom)]}}

	~~Later that year, the Eisenhower administration instituted the embargo which persists to this day, over 60 years later.~~

	The non-binding resolution [calling for an end to the U.S. economic embargo on Cuba] was approved by 185 countries and opposed only by the United States and Israel… It was the 30th time the United Nations has voted to end the embargo… The trade embargo was put in place following Fidel Castro’s 1959 revolution and has remained largely unchanged, though some elements were stiffened by Trump.\|Reuters. (2022). [https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/cuba-us-spar-over-un-resolution-calling-end-embargo-2022-11-03/ Cuba and U.S. spar over U.N. resolution calling to end embargo]}}

	~~Castro Stole My Stuff~~
	{{Quote\|The US claims that it has instituted a policy of tightening the economic noose around Cuba with the Helms-Burton bill on the grounds that Cuba refuses to compensate US companies following nationalisation of their property. This is patently untrue, as Cuba not only successfully negotiated compensation agreements with other countries, but has and is ready to negotiate with the US.\|S. J. Noumoff. (1998). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4406691 The Hypocrisy of Helms-Burton: The History of Cuban Compensation]}}

	~~https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/03/29/the-cuban-nationalization-of-us-property-in-1960-the-historical-and-global-context/~~

	~~Doctors~~

	~~Despite the challenges posed by the embargo, Cuba has the most doctors per capita in the world and recently surpassed the US in life expectancy.~~

	~~Participatory Democracy in action: LGBT rights~~

	{{Quote\|Prior to the revolution, homosexuality was stigmatized and criminalized in Cuba, reflecting the prevailing attitudes of the time. Unfortunately, the revolutionary government under Fidel Castro initially continued this stance. However, Cuba’s stance on LGBT rights has evolved to the point where it has become a symbol of progress within the Latin American context. In 2010, Fidel Castro himself admitted that the persecution of homosexuals in the early years of the revolution was a mistake:

	If anyone is responsible, it’s me.\|Fidel Castro. (2010). [https://www.jornada.com.mx/2010/08/31/index.php?section=mundo&article=026e1mun I am responsible for the persecution of homosexuals that took place in Cuba: Fidel Castro]}}

	In 2022, Cuba became the first Latin American country to mark LGBT History Month. Now, Pride parades in Havana are held every May, to coincide with the International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia, and attendance grows every year. Cuba also passed one of the most progressive Family Codes in the entire world:

	{{Quote\|The Family Code not only protects the most vulnerable in Cuba, it protects the course of Cuban socialism. Writing the referendum involved the whole population throughout the processes of drafting and amending. It went through 25 revisions over the course of 3 ½ years.

	After the referendum was introduced in 2019, Cuba carried out a nationwide process of education and outreach. Discussions took place in every workplace, organization, neighborhood and community group. To keep all Cubans well-informed, people took the discussions to rural areas and to those who do not have internet access.

	~~The Family Code was approved by Cubans 2 to 1. A large percentage of Cubans, 74%, took part in the vote…~~

	In Workers World Sept. 25, 2022, Minnie Bruce Pratt wrote, “Nearly 6.5 million Cubans took part in more than 79,000 meetings facilitated by the Federation of Cuban Women, the Committees to Defend the Revolution and other community organizations. Over 400,000 proposals were offered by the people; these were submitted to the National Assembly of People’s Power for evaluation, and a revised draft was returned to the people for further discussion and proposals…

	Cubans are very proud of what they call participatory democracy, the process they used to introduce and pass the referendum. It is an example to the world and a lesson in democratic centralism.\|Lyn Neeley. (2023). [https://www.workers.org/2023/01/68708/ Cuba’s new Family Code, a law of love]}}

	== Further reading ==		== Further reading ==