Republic of the Niger - Revision history

CriticalResist at 19:28, 19 January 2025

2025-01-19T19:28:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:28, 19 January 2025
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	~~{{Message box/currentevent}}~~{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}

	'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a landlocked country in [[West Africa]] bordered by [[Federal Republic of Nigeria\|Nigeria]], [[Republic of Chad\|Chad]], [[State of Libya\|Libya]], [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]], [[Burkina Faso]], and [[Republic of Benin\|Benin]]. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> It also has large reserves of gold and [[Petroleum politics\|oil]], but more than 40% of its population lives in [[Poverty\|extreme poverty]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|author=[[Ben Norton]]\|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]\|title=US/France threaten intervention in resource-rich Niger: Fears of war in West Africa\|date=2023-08-05\|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807132357/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-date=2023-08-07}}</ref>		'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a landlocked country in [[West Africa]] bordered by [[Federal Republic of Nigeria\|Nigeria]], [[Republic of Chad\|Chad]], [[State of Libya\|Libya]], [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]], [[Burkina Faso]], and [[Republic of Benin\|Benin]]. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> It also has large reserves of gold and [[Petroleum politics\|oil]], but more than 40% of its population lives in [[Poverty\|extreme poverty]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|author=[[Ben Norton]]\|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]\|title=US/France threaten intervention in resource-rich Niger: Fears of war in West Africa\|date=2023-08-05\|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807132357/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-date=2023-08-07}}</ref>

2C0F:EB58:650:2700:8C88:B975:EC9E:ADFC: I added crucial updates regarding Niger's anti-imperialist stances and policies relative to the US and France.

2025-01-19T17:48:10Z

I added crucial updates regarding Niger's anti-imperialist stances and policies relative to the US and France.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:48, 19 January 2025
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	=== France ===		=== France ===
	Through [[Neocolonialism\|neo-colonialism]] France has remained in control of many of its former colonies including Niger. At independence France imposed the [[CFA Franc]] on the country, a currency tied to France's own currency allowing France to control Niger's currency and monetary policy. Use of the CFA Franc ensures that French goods can be exported without any trade barriers to the former French colonies, whilst raw materials, such as uranium, are sent back to France. Another stipulation of using the CFA Franc is that they have to deposit 50% of their foreign assets in the French Treasury, allowing France even more control over a supposedly independent country.<ref name=":2" />		Through [[Neocolonialism\|neo-colonialism]] France has remained in control of many of its former colonies including Niger. At independence France imposed the [[CFA Franc]] on the country, a currency tied to France's own currency allowing France to control Niger's currency and monetary policy. Use of the CFA Franc ensures that French goods can be exported without any trade barriers to the former French colonies, whilst raw materials, such as uranium, are sent back to France. Another stipulation of using the CFA Franc is that they have to deposit 50% of their foreign assets in the French Treasury, allowing France even more control over a supposedly independent country.<ref name=":2" />

			Since the coming of Niger's anti-imperialist government, the National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP), French military occupation of the country has ended with the last French withdrawing from the country on 22 December 2023.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Last French troops leave Niger as military cooperation officially ends\|date=2023-12-23\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/last-french-troops-leave-niger-military-cooperation-officially-ends-2023-12-22/\|retrieved=2025-01-19}}</ref> On 20 June 2024, the CNSP revoked the French-owned company Orano's mining licence, forcing it out of the the Imouraren uranium mine in Northern Niger.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Al-Jazeera\|title=Niger revokes French nuclear group’s licence at major uranium mine\|date=2024-06-21\|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/21/niger-revokes-french-nuclear-groups-licence-at-major-uranium-mine\|retrieved=2025-01-19\|quote=Niger’s military government has revoked the operating licence of French nuclear fuel producer Orano at one of the world’s biggest uranium mines, as it continues to cut ties with former colonial power France.}}</ref> Niger also nationalized the Somair uranium mine from French-owned Orano in 2024. <ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Nuclear Engineering International\|title=Niger seizes control of Somaïr mine\|date=2024-12-05\|url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/niger-seizes-control-of-somair-uranium-mine/?cf-view\|retrieved=2025-01-19}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Anadolu Ajansı\|title=French company Orano loses control of uranium mine to Niger admin\|date=2024-12-15\|archive-url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/french-company-orano-loses-control-of-uranium-mine-to-niger-admin/3414093\|retrieved=2025-01-19}}</ref> On 13 November 2024, Niger expelled certain French aid groups from operating in the country.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=MARK BANCHEREAU\|newspaper=Associated Press\|title=Niger junta bans French aid group amid tensions with France\|date=2024-11-13\|url=https://apnews.com/article/niger-junta-ngo-ban-acted-9d2d8dd3905eed35a228e35f67f20b7b\|retrieved=2025-01-19}}</ref>

	=== US ===		=== US ===
	The USA ~~has~~ one of its largest drone bases, Air Base 201, in Niger. The base cost $110 million to build. Roughly 1,000 U.S. soldiers ~~are occupying~~ the country.<ref name=":1" />		The USA previously had one of its largest drone bases, Air Base 201, in Niger. The base cost $110 million to build. Roughly 1,000 U.S. soldiers formerly occupied the country.<ref name=":1" /> On 16 March 2024, the anti-imperialist government of Niger, known as the National Council for the Safeguarding of the Homeland (CNSP) declared the US military occupation of the country illegal and ended collaboration with US Africa Command (AFRICOM).<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Pavan Kulkarni\|newspaper=People's Dispatch\|title=Why has Niger declared US military presence in its territory illegal?\|date=2024-03-19\|url=https://peoplesdispatch.org/2024/03/19/why-has-niger-declared-us-military-presence-in-its-territory-illegal/\|retrieved=2025-01-19\|quote=Only months after forcing its former colonizer France to withdraw its troops, Niger, West Africa’s largest country, has said the presence of US troops is illegal. This could be a major blow to the US military’s power-projection capacity in the region}}</ref> On 16 September 2024, AFRICOM announced that its withdrawal from Niger was completed.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=U.S. Africa Command Public Affairs\|newspaper=United States Africa Command\|title=U.S. Withdrawal from Niger completed\|date=2024-09-16\|url=https://www.africom.mil/pressrelease/35590/us-withdrawal-from-niger-completed\|retrieved=2024-01-19\|quote=The U.S. Department of Defense and the Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Niger announce that the withdrawal of U.S. forces and assets from Niger is complete.}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==
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	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}
			<references />

GrainEater: Add archived version of HTTP-only source

2024-01-17T12:20:34Z

Add archived version of HTTP-only source

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:20, 17 January 2024
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	=== Independence ===		=== Independence ===
	In 1957, [[Djibo Bakary]] of the [[Mouvement Socialiste Africain]] was elected to head a Nigerien government, but was overthrown and exiled by the [[French Republic\|French]] in 1958. In 1960 Niger received full independence from France but the socialist and pan-Africanist movement was then suppressed by regimes whose leaders had been handpicked by the French.<ref name=":2">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Lalkar\|title=Nigerien coup spearheads a popular revolution\|date=2023-09\|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/4247/nigerien-coup-spearheads-a-popular-revolution}}</ref>		In 1957, [[Djibo Bakary]] of the [[Mouvement Socialiste Africain]] was elected to head a Nigerien government, but was overthrown and exiled by the [[French Republic\|French]] in 1958. In 1960 Niger received full independence from France but the socialist and pan-Africanist movement was then suppressed by regimes whose leaders had been handpicked by the French.<ref name=":2">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Lalkar\|title=Nigerien coup spearheads a popular revolution\|date=2023-09\|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/4247/nigerien-coup-spearheads-a-popular-revolution\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007234156/https://www.lalkar.org/article/4247/nigerien-coup-spearheads-a-popular-revolution\|archive-date=2023-10-07}}</ref>

	=== 2010 coup ===		=== 2010 coup ===

General-KJ: Independence and CFA Franc

2024-01-17T11:51:32Z

Independence and CFA Franc

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:51, 17 January 2024
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	{{Message box/currentevent}}{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}		{{Message box/currentevent}}{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}

	'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a country in West Africa. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> It also has large reserves of gold and [[Petroleum politics\|oil]], but more than 40% of its population lives in [[Poverty\|extreme poverty]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|author=[[Ben Norton]]\|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]\|title=US/France threaten intervention in resource-rich Niger: Fears of war in West Africa\|date=2023-08-05\|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807132357/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-date=2023-08-07}}</ref>		'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a landlocked country in [[West Africa]] bordered by [[Federal Republic of Nigeria\|Nigeria]], [[Republic of Chad\|Chad]], [[State of Libya\|Libya]], [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]], [[Burkina Faso]], and [[Republic of Benin\|Benin]]. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> It also has large reserves of gold and [[Petroleum politics\|oil]], but more than 40% of its population lives in [[Poverty\|extreme poverty]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|author=[[Ben Norton]]\|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]\|title=US/France threaten intervention in resource-rich Niger: Fears of war in West Africa\|date=2023-08-05\|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807132357/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-date=2023-08-07}}</ref>

	== History ==		== History ==

			=== Independence ===
			In 1957, [[Djibo Bakary]] of the [[Mouvement Socialiste Africain]] was elected to head a Nigerien government, but was overthrown and exiled by the [[French Republic\|French]] in 1958. In 1960 Niger received full independence from France but the socialist and pan-Africanist movement was then suppressed by regimes whose leaders had been handpicked by the French.<ref name=":2">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Lalkar\|title=Nigerien coup spearheads a popular revolution\|date=2023-09\|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/4247/nigerien-coup-spearheads-a-popular-revolution}}</ref>

	=== 2010 coup ===		=== 2010 coup ===
	[[Salifou Mody]] led a coup against President [[Mamadou Tandja]] in February 2010. [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] came to power in 2011 as a pro-[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western]] leader. During Issoufou's rule, the USA built the world's largest drone base in Agadez, and ~~[[French Republic\|~~France]] garrisoned Irlit on behalf of the uranium company [[Orano]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]], [[Kambale Musavuli]]\|newspaper=Independent Media Institute\|title=Niger Is the Fourth Country in the Sahel to Experience an Anti-Western Coup\|date=2023-08-01\|url=https://portal.independentmediainstitute.org/2023/08/01/niger-is-the-fourth-country-in-the-sahel-to-experience-an-anti-western-coup/\|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>		[[Salifou Mody]] led a coup against President [[Mamadou Tandja]] in February 2010. [[Mahamadou Issoufou]] came to power in 2011 as a pro-[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western]] leader. During Issoufou's rule, the USA built the world's largest drone base in Agadez, and France garrisoned Irlit on behalf of the uranium company [[Orano]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]], [[Kambale Musavuli]]\|newspaper=Independent Media Institute\|title=Niger Is the Fourth Country in the Sahel to Experience an Anti-Western Coup\|date=2023-08-01\|url=https://portal.independentmediainstitute.org/2023/08/01/niger-is-the-fourth-country-in-the-sahel-to-experience-an-anti-western-coup/\|retrieved=2023-08-03}}</ref>

	=== 2023 coup ===		=== 2023 coup ===
	On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />		On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />

	On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but ~~[[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|~~Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and ~~[[Republic of~~ Mali~~\|Mali]]~~ have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>		On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but Algeria, Burkina Faso, [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and Mali have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

	In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission. The ambassador had returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission. The ambassador had returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>
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	On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

	== U.S. ~~occupation~~ ==		== Western occupation ==

			=== France ===
			Through [[Neocolonialism\|neo-colonialism]] France has remained in control of many of its former colonies including Niger. At independence France imposed the [[CFA Franc]] on the country, a currency tied to France's own currency allowing France to control Niger's currency and monetary policy. Use of the CFA Franc ensures that French goods can be exported without any trade barriers to the former French colonies, whilst raw materials, such as uranium, are sent back to France. Another stipulation of using the CFA Franc is that they have to deposit 50% of their foreign assets in the French Treasury, allowing France even more control over a supposedly independent country.<ref name=":2" />

			=== US ===
	The USA has one of its largest drone bases, Air Base 201, in Niger. The base cost $110 million to build. Roughly 1,000 U.S. soldiers are occupying the country.<ref name=":1" />		The USA has one of its largest drone bases, Air Base 201, in Niger. The base cost $110 million to build. Roughly 1,000 U.S. soldiers are occupying the country.<ref name=":1" />

General-KJ: Added category

2024-01-09T20:38:38Z

Added category

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:38, 9 January 2024
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	== References ==		== References ==
			[[Category:Countries]]
	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}

SeventyTwoTrillion at 18:18, 30 September 2023

2023-09-30T18:18:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 30 September 2023
Line 13:		Line 13:
	On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>		On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

	In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission~~, and~~ returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission. The ambassador had returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

	On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

SeventyTwoTrillion: Added detail to post-coup events

2023-09-30T16:59:56Z

Added detail to post-coup events

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:59, 30 September 2023
Line 11:		Line 11:
	On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />		On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />

	On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>		On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

			In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission, and returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

			On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

	== U.S. occupation ==		== U.S. occupation ==

Ledlecreeper27: Resources

2023-08-11T17:19:42Z

Resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:19, 11 August 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}		{{Message box/currentevent}}{{Infobox country\|name=Republic of the Niger\|native_name=Jamhuriyar Nijar\|image_flag=Flag of Niger.svg\|image_coat=Coat of arms of Niger.svg\|capital=Niamey\|largest_city=capital\|government_type=Military junta\|leader_title1=President\|leader_name1=[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]]\|image_map=Niger map.svg\|map_width=260\|official_languages=French\|area_km2=1,267,000\|population_estimate=25,396,840\|population_estimate_year=2023}}

	'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a country in West Africa. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref>		'''Niger''', officially the '''Republic of the Niger''', is a country in West Africa. In 1980, it relied on uranium for more than 70% of its export revenue.<ref name=":122">{{Citation\|author=[[Vijay Prashad]]\|year=2008\|title=The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World\|chapter=Caracas\|page=182\|pdf=https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafykbzaceascnzh26r5d6uitjjs2z7rflhaxlt7rboz5whzdf76qg6xxvecqq?filename=%28A%20New%20Press%20People%27s%20history%29%20Vijay%20Prashad%20-%20The%20darker%20nations_%20a%20people%27s%20history%20of%20the%20third%20world-The%20New%20Press%20%282008%29.pdf\|publisher=The New Press\|isbn=9781595583420\|lg=https://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=9B40B96E830128A7FE0E0E887C06829F}}</ref> It also has large reserves of gold and [[Petroleum politics\|oil]], but more than 40% of its population lives in [[Poverty\|extreme poverty]].<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|author=[[Ben Norton]]\|newspaper=[[Geopolitical Economy Report]]\|title=US/France threaten intervention in resource-rich Niger: Fears of war in West Africa\|date=2023-08-05\|url=https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807132357/https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2023/08/05/us-france-intervention-niger-west-africa/\|archive-date=2023-08-07}}</ref>

	== History ==		== History ==
Line 12:		Line 12:

	On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>		On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

			== U.S. occupation ==
			The USA has one of its largest drone bases, Air Base 201, in Niger. The base cost $110 million to build. Roughly 1,000 U.S. soldiers are occupying the country.<ref name=":1" />

	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}

Ledlecreeper27: ECOWAS

2023-08-11T17:10:15Z

ECOWAS

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 11 August 2023
Line 10:		Line 10:
	=== 2023 coup ===		=== 2023 coup ===
	On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />		On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />

			On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}

Ledlecreeper27: Anti-French

2023-08-03T15:48:50Z

Anti-French

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:48, 3 August 2023
Line 9:		Line 9:

	=== 2023 coup ===		=== 2023 coup ===
	[[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]] ~~on 26 July 2023~~. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />		On 26 July 2023, [[Abdourahamane Tchiani]] led a coup against President [[Mohamed Bazoum]], who was a [[Corruption\|corrupt]] French puppet. The [[European Union\|EU]] and other [[Imperialism\|imperialist]] organizations condemned the coup. Two days later, Niger released the names of the ten officers leading the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland]].<ref name=":0" />

	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:African countries]]		[[Category:African countries]]
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Niger}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 30 September 2023
Line 13:		Line 13:
	On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>		On behalf of the [[United States of America\|USA]] and France, [[Economic Community of West African States\|ECOWAS]] is threatening to invade Niger, but [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria\|Algeria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Republic of Guinea\|Guinea]], and [[Republic of Mali\|Mali]] have rejected these threats. On 6 August, 30,000 people rallied in support of the new government.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Kayla Marie\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Niger’s new government defies imperialist-backed ECOWAS war threats\|date=2023-08-11\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/nigers-new-government-defies-imperialist-backed-ecowas-war-threats/\|retrieved=2023-08-11}}</ref>

	In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission~~, and~~ returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		In the months following the coup, the French ambassador to Niger, [[Sylvain Itté]], refused to leave the country despite pressure from the new Nigerien government because France did not recognize Tchiani's authority, causing a diplomatic crisis.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Wedaeli Chibelushi\|newspaper=BBC\|title=Niger coup: France defies ultimatum for ambassador to leave Niamey\|date=2023-08-28\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66639167\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/1gfSt\|archive-date=2023-09-30\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref> In late September, the ambassador was given the order to return by French President Macron after the disposed Bazoum gave permission. The ambassador had returned to Paris by September 27th.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Africa News\|title=France's former envoy to Niger returns to Paris after weeks of tension\|date=2023-09-27\|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/27/frances-former-envoy-to-niger-returns-to-paris-after-weeks-of-tension/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/OMLU6\|archive-date=2023-09-28\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>

	On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>		On September 16 2023, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali formed a collective defense pact called the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), in which an attack on one of the countries is regarded as an attack on the other members.<ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Reuters\|title=Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso sign Sahel security pact\|date=2023-09-16\|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mali-niger-burkina-faso-sign-sahel-security-pact-2023-09-16/\|archive-url=https://archive.ph/DYGxF\|archive-date=2023-09-17\|retrieved=2023-09-30}}</ref>