Romani people - Revision history

General-KJ: Added Infobox

2026-03-06T12:42:30Z

Added Infobox

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 6 March 2026
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	~~[[File:~~Romani flag.svg\|~~thumb~~\|~~Romani Flag]]~~		{{Infobox ethnic group\|group=Romani people\|flag=Romani flag.svg\|native_name=Romane manusha\|pop=4–12 million}}

	The '''Romani''', also known as the '''Roma''', are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.		The '''Romani''', also known as the '''Roma''', are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.

PuzzledFox99 at 01:41, 1 March 2026

2026-03-01T01:41:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:41, 1 March 2026
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	[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Romani Flag]]		[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Romani Flag]]
	The Romani, also known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.		The '''Romani''', also known as the '''Roma''', are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.

	Linguistic, genetic, and historical evidence indicates that the Roma originated in northwestern [[Republic of India\|India]], most likely in or near the region of modern-day Rajasthan, and began migrating westward around 1000 CE.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Mendizabal, et al.\|year=2012\|title=Reconstructing the Population History of European Romani from Genome-wide Data\|title-url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)01260-2\|publisher=Elsevier Inc.\|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.039}}</ref> Their movement occurred in multiple waves, passing through [[Islamic Republic of Iran\|Iran]] and the [[Eastern Roman Empire (395–1453)\|Eastern Roman Empire]], before arriving in Europe between the 13th and 14th centuries. Romani populations later migrated to the Americas, particularly during the 19th century.<ref>{{Citation\|year=1995\|title=Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority\|pdf=https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/download-127-romagypsies-a-european-minority.pdf\|isbn=1897693168}}</ref>		Linguistic, genetic, and historical evidence indicates that the Roma originated in northwestern [[Republic of India\|India]], most likely in or near the region of modern-day Rajasthan, and began migrating westward around 1000 CE.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Mendizabal, et al.\|year=2012\|title=Reconstructing the Population History of European Romani from Genome-wide Data\|title-url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)01260-2\|publisher=Elsevier Inc.\|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.039}}</ref> Their movement occurred in multiple waves, passing through [[Islamic Republic of Iran\|Iran]] and the [[Eastern Roman Empire (395–1453)\|Eastern Roman Empire]], before arriving in Europe between the 13th and 14th centuries. Romani populations later migrated to the Americas, particularly during the 19th century.<ref>{{Citation\|year=1995\|title=Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority\|pdf=https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/download-127-romagypsies-a-european-minority.pdf\|isbn=1897693168}}</ref>

Eklipse: Reworked and expanded the heading

2026-02-28T23:00:40Z

Reworked and expanded the heading

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:00, 28 February 2026
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	[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Flag]]		[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Romani Flag]]
	The ~~'''~~Romani ~~people'''~~, also known as the ~~'''~~Roma ~~people'''~~, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group.		The Romani, also known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.

			Linguistic, genetic, and historical evidence indicates that the Roma originated in northwestern [[Republic of India\|India]], most likely in or near the region of modern-day Rajasthan, and began migrating westward around 1000 CE.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Mendizabal, et al.\|year=2012\|title=Reconstructing the Population History of European Romani from Genome-wide Data\|title-url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)01260-2\|publisher=Elsevier Inc.\|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.039}}</ref> Their movement occurred in multiple waves, passing through [[Islamic Republic of Iran\|Iran]] and the [[Eastern Roman Empire (395–1453)\|Eastern Roman Empire]], before arriving in Europe between the 13th and 14th centuries. Romani populations later migrated to the Americas, particularly during the 19th century.<ref>{{Citation\|year=1995\|title=Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority\|pdf=https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/download-127-romagypsies-a-european-minority.pdf\|isbn=1897693168}}</ref>

			The Romani have endured centuries of systematic [[Antiziganism\|discrimination]] and persecution across Europe<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Suki Haider\|newspaper=OpenLearn\|title=The historical and ongoing persecution of Europe’s gypsies\|date=2025-11-09\|url=https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/history/the-historical-and-ongoing-persecution-europes-gypsies\|retrieved=2026-02-28}}</ref>. They were, and still are, subject to widespread hostility, prejudice, and exclusion. Notably, many Roma were [[Slavery in Romania\|enslaved]] in the Romanian principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia from the 14th century until emancipation in the mid-19th century<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Iulia Hau\|newspaper=Europeana\|title=Roma slavery in Romania - a history\|date=2021-07-07\|url=https://www.europeana.eu/de/stories/roma-slavery-in-romania-a-history\|retrieved=2026-02-28}}</ref>. They were also targeted by deportation policies across several European states, with France expelling them in 1660 and many were also forcibly transported to the [[British Caribbean]] colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries, being sold into [[slavery]]. In 1749, Spain ordered a nationwide genocidal raid against the Roma, affecting 3/4 of all Romani in Spain<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Manuel Martínez\|newspaper=Rom Archive\|title=From the Extermination of Spanish Roma to full Citizenship Status: One Century of Hope (1749–1843)\|url=https://www.romarchive.eu/en/flamenco/from-extermination-of-spanish-roma-to-citizenship/\|retrieved=2026.01.31}}</ref>. During the Second World War, Roma were victims of genocide under Nazi Germany and its allies. Between 250,000 and 500,000 Romani were systematically murdered in the [[Porajmos]] (the Romani Holocaust). The Romani were also subjected to segregationist laws and social stigmatisation, which persists to the present day in various regions.<ref>{{Web citation\|author=Sean Benstead\|newspaper=Jacobin\|title=Europe’s Romani Population Can’t Breathe\|date=2021.07.18\|url=https://jacobin.com/2021/07/europe-roma-czech-republic-stanislav-tomas-police-killing-world-romani-congress-movement\|retrieved=2026.02.28}}</ref><ref>{{Web citation\|newspaper=Amnesty International\|title=Europe: Discrimination against Roma\|date=2007.10.25\|url=https://www.amnesty.org/fr/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/eur010122007en.pdf\|retrieved=2026.01.31}}</ref>

			Today, the global Romani population is estimated to be between 10 and 15 million people, with approximately 10-12 million living in Europe, especially in central, eastern, and southern Europe<ref name=":1" />. Significant communities also exist in West Asia, especially Turkey and Iran, and also the United States, and Brazil.

			The Romani language is an Indo-Aryan language that retains strong influences from Persian, Armenian, Greek, and South Slavic languages, reflecting the Roma's historical migrations. Due to long-term dispersion and contact with surrounding populations, Romani exists in numerous dialects, and in some cases has blended with local languages to form para-Romani varieties.

	== Oppression ==		== Oppression ==

General-KJ at 19:43, 18 November 2024

2024-11-18T19:43:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:43, 18 November 2024
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	== References ==		== References ==
			[[Category:Ethnic groups]]

Ledlecreeper27: Created

2023-06-11T17:39:08Z

Created

New page

[[File:Romani flag.svg|thumb|Flag]]
The '''Romani people''', also known as the '''Roma people''', are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group.

== Oppression ==

=== Second World War ===
The [[Fascism|fascist]] [[Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement|Ustaše]] killed at least 26,000 Roma at the [[Jasenovac death camp]] in [[Republic of Croatia|Croatia]].<ref name=":0">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|chapter=Croatia: New Republic, Old Reactionaries|page=41–43|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf|publisher=Verso}}</ref>

=== Yugoslav Wars ===
In addition to targeting [[Republic of Serbia|Serbs]], the [[Kosovo Liberation Army|KLA]] and [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization|NATO]] attacked Romani people in the former [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)|Yugoslav]] republics. 14,000 Roma homes were burnt after the beginning of NATO occupation. Many Roma fled from [[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija|Kosovo]] to [[Republic of North Macedonia|Macedonia]], but they had to declare [[Republic of Albania|Albanian]] nationality because the KLA also ran the refugee camps in Macedonia.<ref name=":022">{{Citation|author=[[Michael Parenti]]|year=2000|title=To Kill a Nation|chapter=Ethnic Cleansing, KLA-NATO Style|page=160–161|pdf=https://leftychan.net/edu/src/1614706295182-3.pdf|publisher=Verso}}</ref>

== References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:41, 1 March 2026
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	[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Romani Flag]]		[[File:Romani flag.svg\|thumb\|Romani Flag]]
	The Romani, also known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.		The '''Romani''', also known as the '''Roma''', are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group comprising diverse communities that traditionally maintained itinerant or semi-nomadic lifestyles<ref name=":1">{{Web citation\|newspaper=Britannica\|title=Roma\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom\|retrieved=2026-01-31}}</ref>. The Romani have maintained a rich cultural identity centered on extended family, community loyalty (Romanipen), and distinct social values, with notable traditions of music and performance arts.

	Linguistic, genetic, and historical evidence indicates that the Roma originated in northwestern [[Republic of India\|India]], most likely in or near the region of modern-day Rajasthan, and began migrating westward around 1000 CE.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Mendizabal, et al.\|year=2012\|title=Reconstructing the Population History of European Romani from Genome-wide Data\|title-url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)01260-2\|publisher=Elsevier Inc.\|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.039}}</ref> Their movement occurred in multiple waves, passing through [[Islamic Republic of Iran\|Iran]] and the [[Eastern Roman Empire (395–1453)\|Eastern Roman Empire]], before arriving in Europe between the 13th and 14th centuries. Romani populations later migrated to the Americas, particularly during the 19th century.<ref>{{Citation\|year=1995\|title=Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority\|pdf=https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/download-127-romagypsies-a-european-minority.pdf\|isbn=1897693168}}</ref>		Linguistic, genetic, and historical evidence indicates that the Roma originated in northwestern [[Republic of India\|India]], most likely in or near the region of modern-day Rajasthan, and began migrating westward around 1000 CE.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Mendizabal, et al.\|year=2012\|title=Reconstructing the Population History of European Romani from Genome-wide Data\|title-url=https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)01260-2\|publisher=Elsevier Inc.\|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.039}}</ref> Their movement occurred in multiple waves, passing through [[Islamic Republic of Iran\|Iran]] and the [[Eastern Roman Empire (395–1453)\|Eastern Roman Empire]], before arriving in Europe between the 13th and 14th centuries. Romani populations later migrated to the Americas, particularly during the 19th century.<ref>{{Citation\|year=1995\|title=Roma/Gypsies: A European Minority\|pdf=https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/download-127-romagypsies-a-european-minority.pdf\|isbn=1897693168}}</ref>