Socialist Republic of Romania (1947–1989) - Revision history

ComradeSyntrofos at 12:19, 5 November 2023

2023-11-05T12:19:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:19, 5 November 2023
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	==== Nicolae Ceaușescu ====		==== Nicolae Ceaușescu ====
	Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />		Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />
	=== ~~Counter-revolution~~ ===
			=== Coup d'état ===
	In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />		In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />

TheKanzler: Added economy - agriculture section

2023-09-30T13:21:03Z

Added economy - agriculture section

Show changes

TheKanzler: Changed GDP data to 1989 CIA WFB; 1990 WFB estimates for 1989 seem anomalous

2023-09-30T12:17:00Z

Changed GDP data to 1989 CIA WFB; 1990 WFB estimates for 1989 seem anomalous

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:17, 30 September 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|labour_force=10.69 million (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|labour_occupation=34% industry, 28% agriculture, 38% other<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal=$79.8 billion (~~1990~~ US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-~~1990~~">CIA World Factbook (~~1990~~). ''[https://en.~~wikisource.org~~/~~wiki~~/~~The_World_Factbook_(1990)~~/~~Romania~~ Romania – World Factbook (~~Wikisource~~)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$3,~~445~~ (~~1990~~ US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-~~1990~~">CIA World Factbook (~~1990~~). ''[https://en.~~wikisource.org~~/~~wiki~~/~~The_World_Factbook_(1990)~~/~~Romania~~ Romania – World Factbook (~~Wikisource~~)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_year=~~1989~~\|export=$11.5 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_commodities=Machinery and equipment (34.7%), fuels, minerals and metals (24.7%), manufactured consumer goods (16.9%), agricultural materials and forestry products (11.9%), other (11.6%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_year=1988\|export_partners=[[USSR]] (27%), Eastern Europe (23%), EC (15%), [[US]] (5%), [[China]] (4%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import=$8.75 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_commodities=Fuels, minerals, and metals (51.0%), machinery and equipment (26.7%), agricultural and forestry products (11.0%), manufactured consumer goods (4.2%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_year=1988\|import_partners=Socialist states (60%), non-socialist states		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|labour_force=10.69 million (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|labour_occupation=34% industry, 28% agriculture, 38% other<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal=$151.3 billion (1989 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1989">CIA World Factbook (1989). ''[https://theodora.com/wfb1989/romania/romania_economy.html Romania – World Factbook (theodora.com)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$6,570 (1989 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1989">CIA World Factbook (1989). ''[https://theodora.com/wfb1989/romania/romania_economy.html Romania – World Factbook (theodora.com)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_year=1988\|export=$11.5 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_commodities=Machinery and equipment (34.7%), fuels, minerals and metals (24.7%), manufactured consumer goods (16.9%), agricultural materials and forestry products (11.9%), other (11.6%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_year=1988\|export_partners=[[USSR]] (27%), Eastern Europe (23%), EC (15%), [[US]] (5%), [[China]] (4%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import=$8.75 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_commodities=Fuels, minerals, and metals (51.0%), machinery and equipment (26.7%), agricultural and forestry products (11.0%), manufactured consumer goods (4.2%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_year=1988\|import_partners=Socialist states (60%), non-socialist states
	(40%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|external_debt=None (1989)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.863<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=+40\|today=[[Romania]]}}		(40%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|external_debt=None (1989)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.863<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=+40\|today=[[Romania]]}}
	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.

TheKanzler: Added economy - industry section

2023-09-30T10:02:31Z

Added economy - industry section

Show changes

TheKanzler: Added additional information about economy to infobox

2023-09-30T08:41:31Z

Added additional information about economy to infobox

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:41, 30 September 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=~~1989~~\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40\|today=[[Romania]]}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|labour_force=10.69 million (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|labour_occupation=34% industry, 28% agriculture, 38% other<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal=$79.8 billion (1990 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$3,445 (1990 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_year=1989\|export=$11.5 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_commodities=Machinery and equipment (34.7%), fuels, minerals and metals (24.7%), manufactured consumer goods (16.9%), agricultural materials and forestry products (11.9%), other (11.6%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_year=1988\|export_partners=[[USSR]] (27%), Eastern Europe (23%), EC (15%), [[US]] (5%), [[China]] (4%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import=$8.75 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_commodities=Fuels, minerals, and metals (51.0%), machinery and equipment (26.7%), agricultural and forestry products (11.0%), manufactured consumer goods (4.2%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_year=1988\|import_partners=Socialist states (60%), non-socialist states
			(40%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|external_debt=None (1989)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.863<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=+40\|today=[[Romania]]}}
	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.

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	On the night of the 13–14 June 1944, representatives of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR) presented their plan for the removal of [[Fascism\|fascist]] leader [[Ion Antonescu]] from power to the representatives of the King.		On the night of the 13–14 June 1944, representatives of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR) presented their plan for the removal of [[Fascism\|fascist]] leader [[Ion Antonescu]] from power to the representatives of the King.

	The proposed plan would have King Michael order Antonescu to sign an armistice with the Allies and, if he refused, have him arrested on the spot.~~[[File:Ion Antonescu's Execution.jpg\|thumb\|Antonescu's execution at Jilava]]~~		The proposed plan would have King Michael order Antonescu to sign an armistice with the Allies and, if he refused, have him arrested on the spot.

	The coup was carried out on 23 August 1944, following the plan proposed by the PCR. After an hour-long discussion with the King, Antonescu refused to sign the armistice, and was arrested by a colonel and four soldiers. Antonescu was executed two years later, on 1 June 1946.		The coup was carried out on 23 August 1944, following the plan proposed by the PCR. After an hour-long discussion with the King, Antonescu refused to sign the armistice, and was arrested by a colonel and four soldiers. Antonescu was executed two years later, on 1 June 1946.

	On the day of Antonescu's arrest, the Romanian army switched sides and began fighting against the [[German Reich (1933–1945)\|Nazis]] along with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=Patricia Gorky\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Romania: 30 years removed from socialism\|date=2019-12-26\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072442/https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-date=2022-03-19\|retrieved=2022-10-08}}</ref> Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic Front (FND; consisting of the [[Romanian Communist Party\|Communist Party]], as well as the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)\|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), the [[National Peasants' Party]] (PNȚ) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party\|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>		On the day of Antonescu's arrest, the Romanian army switched sides and began fighting against the [[German Reich (1933–1945)\|Nazis]] along with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=Patricia Gorky\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Romania: 30 years removed from socialism\|date=2019-12-26\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072442/https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-date=2022-03-19\|retrieved=2022-10-08}}</ref> Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic Front (FND; consisting of the [[Romanian Communist Party\|Communist Party]], as well as the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)\|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), the [[National Peasants' Party]] (PNȚ) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party\|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>[[File:Ion Antonescu's Execution.jpg\|thumb\|Antonescu's execution at Jilava]][[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]

	=== Socialist rule ===		=== Socialist rule ===

	==== Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej ====		==== Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej ====
	In 1946, Romania held its largest election ever ~~and nearly 7~~ million people ~~voted~~ for the Communist-led Bloc of Democratic Parties (BPD), formerly the National Democratic Front. The new government forced King Michael to abdicate. In 1948, the PCR and PSD merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party (PMR), led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. The country began an electrification plan and confiscated farmland, mansions, and castles from the [[nobility]]. Under socialism, industrial output increased by more than seven times and the life expectancy rose by 30 years. By 1980, the socialist government had built 4.6 million houses.		In 1946, Romania held its largest election ever, with 4.77 million people voting for the Communist-led Bloc of Democratic Parties (BPD), formerly the National Democratic Front.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Nohlen, D & Stöver, P\|year=2010\|title=Elections in Europe: A data handbook\|page=1603-1610\|isbn=978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> The new government forced King Michael to abdicate. In 1948, the PCR and PSD merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party (PMR), led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. The country began an electrification plan and confiscated farmland, mansions, and castles from the [[nobility]]. Under socialism, industrial output increased by more than seven times and the life expectancy rose by 30 years. By 1980, the socialist government had built 4.6 million houses.

	Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].		Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].

	==== Nicolae Ceaușescu ====		==== Nicolae Ceaușescu ====
			Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />

	Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]

	=== Counter-revolution ===		=== Counter-revolution ===
	In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />		In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />

TheKanzler: Minor clean-up; added "names" section

2023-09-30T07:56:53Z

Minor clean-up; added "names" section

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:56, 30 September 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947-1989\|motto=Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!\|englishmotto=~~Workers~~ of ~~the World~~, ~~Unite~~!\|national_anthem=Zdrobite Cătușe (1948 - 1953)<br />Te slăvim, Românie (1953 - 1977)<br />Trei Culori (1977 - 1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=[[Bucharest]]\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=Socialism\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] socialist republic\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=~~President~~\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=~~Prime Minister~~\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40\|today=[[Romania]]}}
	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: Republica Socialistă România, '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1947 to 1989~~. Prior to 1965, the nation's official name was the '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'' (until 1964) or ''Republica Populară Română'' (to 1965), '''RPR''')~~. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.

			== Names ==

			* '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Română'', '''RPR''') (1947–1953; 1964–1965)
			* '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'', '''RPR''') (1953–1964)
			* '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') (1965–1989)

	== History ==		== History ==
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	The coup was carried out on 23 August 1944, following the plan proposed by the PCR. After an hour-long discussion with the King, Antonescu refused to sign the armistice, and was arrested by a colonel and four soldiers. Antonescu was executed two years later, on 1 June 1946.		The coup was carried out on 23 August 1944, following the plan proposed by the PCR. After an hour-long discussion with the King, Antonescu refused to sign the armistice, and was arrested by a colonel and four soldiers. Antonescu was executed two years later, on 1 June 1946.

	~~After~~ Antonescu's arrest, the Romanian army switched sides and began fighting against the [[German Reich (1933–1945)\|Nazis]] along with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=Patricia Gorky\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Romania: 30 years removed from socialism\|date=2019-12-26\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072442/https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-date=2022-03-19\|retrieved=2022-10-08}}</ref> Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic Front (consisting of the [[Romanian Communist Party\|Communist Party]], as well as the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)\|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), the [[National Peasants' Party]] (PNȚ) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party\|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>		On the day of Antonescu's arrest, the Romanian army switched sides and began fighting against the [[German Reich (1933–1945)\|Nazis]] along with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=Patricia Gorky\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Romania: 30 years removed from socialism\|date=2019-12-26\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072442/https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-date=2022-03-19\|retrieved=2022-10-08}}</ref> Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic Front (FND; consisting of the [[Romanian Communist Party\|Communist Party]], as well as the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)\|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), the [[National Peasants' Party]] (PNȚ) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party\|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>

	=== Socialist rule ===		=== Socialist rule ===
	In 1946, Romania held its largest election ever and nearly 7 million people voted for the Communist-led National Democratic Front. The new government forced King Michael to abdicate. In ~~1947~~, the PCR and PSD merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party, led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. The country began an electrification plan and confiscated farmland, mansions, and castles from the [[nobility]]. Under socialism, industrial output increased by more than seven times and the life expectancy rose by 30 years. By 1980, the socialist government had built 4.6 million houses.
			==== Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej ====
			In 1946, Romania held its largest election ever and nearly 7 million people voted for the Communist-led Bloc of Democratic Parties (BPD), formerly the National Democratic Front. The new government forced King Michael to abdicate. In 1948, the PCR and PSD merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party (PMR), led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. The country began an electrification plan and confiscated farmland, mansions, and castles from the [[nobility]]. Under socialism, industrial output increased by more than seven times and the life expectancy rose by 30 years. By 1980, the socialist government had built 4.6 million houses.

	Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].		Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].

			==== Nicolae Ceaușescu ====


	Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]		Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]

	=== ~~Counterrevolution~~ ===		=== Counter-revolution ===
	In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />		In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />

REDSHIFT: Rewrote for ease of reading

2022-12-07T23:13:10Z

Rewrote for ease of reading

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:13, 7 December 2022
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	Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].		Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].

	Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ~~increased~~ Romanian [[nationalism]] and ~~joined~~ Western financial institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]		Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu ran the country on a platform of Romanian [[nationalism]], wanting to make Romania a world power, and sought out Western financial aid from institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]

	=== Counterrevolution ===		=== Counterrevolution ===

Forte: Updated category name

2022-12-01T01:18:35Z

Updated category name

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:18, 1 December 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947-1989\|motto=Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!\|englishmotto=Workers of the World, Unite!\|national_anthem=Zdrobite Cătușe (1948 - 1953)<br />Te slăvim, Românie (1953 - 1977)<br />Trei Culori (1977 - 1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=[[Bucharest]]\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=Socialism\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] socialist republic\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=President\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=Prime Minister\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947-1989\|motto=Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!\|englishmotto=Workers of the World, Unite!\|national_anthem=Zdrobite Cătușe (1948 - 1953)<br />Te slăvim, Românie (1953 - 1977)<br />Trei Culori (1977 - 1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=[[Bucharest]]\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=Socialism\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] socialist republic\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=President\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=Prime Minister\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40}}

	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: Republica Socialistă România, '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1947 to 1989. Prior to 1965, the nation's official name was the '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'' (until 1964) or ''Republica Populară Română'' (to 1965), '''RPR'''). The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: Republica Socialistă România, '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1947 to 1989. Prior to 1965, the nation's official name was the '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'' (until 1964) or ''Republica Populară Română'' (to 1965), '''RPR'''). The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.

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	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:~~Socialist~~ states]]		[[Category:Former socialist states]]

Sparkingcircuit: Removed categorization as stump.

2022-11-19T01:43:04Z

Removed categorization as stump.

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:43, 19 November 2022
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	== References ==		== References ==
	[[Category:Socialist states]]		[[Category:Socialist states]]
	~~[[Category:Stubs]]~~

Ledlecreeper27 at 15:34, 8 October 2022

2022-10-08T15:34:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:34, 8 October 2022
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947-1989\|motto=Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!\|englishmotto=Workers of the World, Unite!\|national_anthem=Zdrobite Cătușe (1948 - 1953)<br />Te slăvim, Românie (1953 - 1977)<br />Trei Culori (1977 - 1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=[[Bucharest]]\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=Socialism\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] socialist republic\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=President\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=Prime Minister\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=December ~~30,~~ 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=April ~~13,~~ 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=September ~~24,~~ 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=August ~~21,~~ 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=December ~~27,~~ 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=December 8, 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40}}		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947-1989\|motto=Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!\|englishmotto=Workers of the World, Unite!\|national_anthem=Zdrobite Cătușe (1948 - 1953)<br />Te slăvim, Românie (1953 - 1977)<br />Trei Culori (1977 - 1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=[[Bucharest]]\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=Socialism\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] socialist republic\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=President\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=Prime Minister\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|HDI_year=1989\|HDI=0.863\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=40}}

	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: Republica Socialistă România, '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1947 to 1989. Prior to 1965, the nation's official name was the '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'' (until 1964) or ''Republica Populară Română'' (to 1965), '''RPR'''). The [[Marxist-Leninist]] ~~regime~~ ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader, [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]], was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: Republica Socialistă România, '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from 1947 to 1989. Prior to 1965, the nation's official name was the '''Romanian People's Republic''' (''Republica Populară Romînă'' (until 1964) or ''Republica Populară Română'' (to 1965), '''RPR'''). The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.

	== History ==		== History ==

	=== August ~~23,~~ 1944 coup d'état ===		=== August 1944 coup d'état ===
	On the night of the June ~~13-14,~~ 1944, representatives of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR) presented their plan for the removal of fascist leader [[Ion Antonescu]] from power to the representatives of the King.		On the night of the 13–14 June 1944, representatives of the [[Romanian Communist Party]] (PCR) presented their plan for the removal of [[Fascism\|fascist]] leader [[Ion Antonescu]] from power to the representatives of the King.

	The proposed plan would have King Michael order Antonescu to sign an armistice with the Allies and, if he refused, have him arrested on the spot.		The proposed plan would have King Michael order Antonescu to sign an armistice with the Allies and, if he refused, have him arrested on the spot.[[File:Ion Antonescu's Execution.jpg\|thumb\|Antonescu's execution at Jilava]]
			The coup was carried out on 23 August 1944, following the plan proposed by the PCR. After an hour-long discussion with the King, Antonescu refused to sign the armistice, and was arrested by a colonel and four soldiers. Antonescu was executed two years later, on 1 June 1946.

	Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic ~~Party~~ (consisting of the Communist Party, as well as the National Liberal Party (PNL), the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ) and the Social Democratic Party (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>		After Antonescu's arrest, the Romanian army switched sides and began fighting against the [[German Reich (1933–1945)\|Nazis]] along with the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991)\|Soviet Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Web citation\|author=Patricia Gorky\|newspaper=[[Liberation News]]\|title=Romania: 30 years removed from socialism\|date=2019-12-26\|url=https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319072442/https://www.liberationnews.org/romania-30-years/\|archive-date=2022-03-19\|retrieved=2022-10-08}}</ref> Following this, a government formed by the National Democratic Front (consisting of the [[Romanian Communist Party\|Communist Party]], as well as the [[National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)\|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), the [[National Peasants' Party]] (PNȚ) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party\|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)) would take power.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Silviu Brucan\|year=1993\|title=The Wasted Generation: Memoirs of the Romanian Journey from Capitalism to Socialism and Back\|page=20-21\|publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>
	[[~~File:Ion Antonescu's Execution.jpg\|thumb\|Antonescu's execution at Jilava~~]]
	~~The coup was carried out on August 23~~, ~~1944, following~~ the ~~plan proposed~~ by the ~~PCR~~. ~~After an hour-long discussion with~~ the ~~King~~, ~~Antonescu refused to sign~~ the ~~armistice,~~ and was ~~arrested by a colonel~~ and ~~four soldiers~~. ~~Antonescu was executed two years later~~, ~~on June 1, 1946~~.		=== Socialist rule ===
	[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]		In 1946, Romania held its largest election ever and nearly 7 million people voted for the Communist-led National Democratic Front. The new government forced King Michael to abdicate. In 1947, the PCR and PSD merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party, led by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. The country began an electrification plan and confiscated farmland, mansions, and castles from the [[nobility]]. Under socialism, industrial output increased by more than seven times and the life expectancy rose by 30 years. By 1980, the socialist government had built 4.6 million houses.

			Romania joined the [[Warsaw Pact]] in 1955. With [[People's Republic of China\|Chinese]] support, it negotiated the removal of Soviet soldiers from Romania and was neutral during the [[Sino-Soviet Split]].

			Gheorghiu-Dej died in 1965 and Nicolae Ceaușescu succeeded him as General Secretary. Ceaușescu increased Romanian [[nationalism]] and joined Western financial institutions such as the [[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]] and [[The World Bank\|World Bank]]. In the 1980s, Romania had to ration electricity and food due to IMF austerity measures.<ref name=":0" />[[File:Illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.jpg\|thumb\|"Everything for the front, everything for victory - The Patriotic Defence" An illustration issued by the PCR, calling the population to arms.]]

	=== Counterrevolution ===		=== Counterrevolution ===
			In April 1989, Romania finished paying its debt to the IMF and banned taking any further loans from the West. On 21 December 1989, Ceaușescu announced he would raise wages and pensions.<ref name=":0" />

	In December 1989, protestors attacked police and began a brief civil war that overthrew the socialist government of Romania. Hundreds of police and soldiers were killed as well as 142 protestors. The [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed [[Bourgeois media\|Western media]] claimed that Romania killed over 60,000 peaceful protestors.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Austin Murphy\|year=2000\|title=The Triumph of Evil\|chapter=The Documented Facts about Eastern Europe and Communism: A Refutation of Popular Myths about the True Good Guys\|page=74\|pdf=https://mltheory.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/austin-murphy-the-triumph-of-evil.pdf\|city=Fucecchio, [[Italy]]\|publisher=European Press Academic Publishing\|isbn=8883980026}}</ref>		In December 1989, protestors attacked police and began a brief civil war that overthrew the socialist government of Romania. Hundreds of police and soldiers were killed as well as 142 protestors. The [[Central Intelligence Agency\|CIA]]-backed [[Bourgeois media\|Western media]] claimed that Romania killed over 60,000 peaceful protestors.<ref>{{Citation\|author=Austin Murphy\|year=2000\|title=The Triumph of Evil\|chapter=The Documented Facts about Eastern Europe and Communism: A Refutation of Popular Myths about the True Good Guys\|page=74\|pdf=https://mltheory.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/austin-murphy-the-triumph-of-evil.pdf\|city=Fucecchio, [[Italy]]\|publisher=European Press Academic Publishing\|isbn=8883980026}}</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:17, 30 September 2023
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	{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|labour_force=10.69 million (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|labour_occupation=34% industry, 28% agriculture, 38% other<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal=$79.8 billion (~~1990~~ US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-~~1990~~">CIA World Factbook (~~1990~~). ''[https://en.~~wikisource.org~~/~~wiki~~/~~The_World_Factbook_(1990)~~/~~Romania~~ Romania – World Factbook (~~Wikisource~~)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$3,~~445~~ (~~1990~~ US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-~~1990~~">CIA World Factbook (~~1990~~). ''[https://en.~~wikisource.org~~/~~wiki~~/~~The_World_Factbook_(1990)~~/~~Romania~~ Romania – World Factbook (~~Wikisource~~)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_year=~~1989~~\|export=$11.5 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_commodities=Machinery and equipment (34.7%), fuels, minerals and metals (24.7%), manufactured consumer goods (16.9%), agricultural materials and forestry products (11.9%), other (11.6%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_year=1988\|export_partners=[[USSR]] (27%), Eastern Europe (23%), EC (15%), [[US]] (5%), [[China]] (4%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import=$8.75 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_commodities=Fuels, minerals, and metals (51.0%), machinery and equipment (26.7%), agricultural and forestry products (11.0%), manufactured consumer goods (4.2%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_year=1988\|import_partners=Socialist states (60%), non-socialist states		{{Infobox country\|name=Romanian People's Republic<br />{{small\|(1947–1965)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Populară Romînă\|paren=omit}}<hr>Socialist Republic of Romania<br />{{small\|(1965–1989)}}<br />{{small\|Republica Socialistă România\|paren=omit}}\|image_flag=Flag of Romania (1965–1989).png\|life_span=1947–1989\|motto=''Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!''\|englishmotto=("Proletarians of all countries, unite!")\|national_anthem=''Zdrobite Cătușe'' (1948–1953)<br />''Te slăvim, Românie'' (1953–1977)<br />''Trei Culori'' (1977–1989)\|image_map=Map of the Socialist Republic of Romania.png\|image_coat=Coat of arms of SR Romania.png\|capital=Bucharest\|official_languages=Romanian\|mode_of_production=[[Socialism]]\|government_type=Unitary [[Marxism-Leninism\|Marxist-Leninist]] [[socialist republic]]\|title_leader=General Secretary\|year_leader1=1944-1954\|leader1=[[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]]\|year_leader2=1954-1955\|leader2=[[Gheorghe Apostol]]\|year_leader3=1955-1965\|leader3=Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej\|year_leader4=1965-1989\|leader4=[[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]\|title_representative=Head of State\|year_representative1=1947-1952 (first)\|representative1=[[Constantin Ion Parhon]]\|year_representative2=1967-1989 (last)\|representative2=Nicolae Ceaușescu\|title_deputy=President of the Council of Ministers\|year_deputy1=1947-1952 (first)\|deputy1=[[Petru Groza]]\|year_deputy2=1982-1989 (last)\|deputy2=[[Constantin Dăscălescu]]\|legislature=[[Grand National Assembly (Romania)\|Grand National Assembly]] (Marea Adunare Națională)\|established_event1=Proclamation of the Republic\|era=[[Cold War]]\|established_date1=30 December 1947\|established_event2=First Constitution\|established_date2=13 April 1948\|established_event3=Second Constitution\|established_date3=24 September 1952\|established_event4=Third Constitution\|established_date4=21 August 1965\|established_event5=''De facto'' disestablished\|established_date5=27 December 1989\|established_event6=''De jure'' disestablished\|established_date6=8 December 1991\|area_km2=238,397\|population_estimate=23,151,564\|population_estimate_year=1989\|population_density_km2=97.11 per\|labour_force=10.69 million (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|labour_occupation=34% industry, 28% agriculture, 38% other<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal=$151.3 billion (1989 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1989">CIA World Factbook (1989). ''[https://theodora.com/wfb1989/romania/romania_economy.html Romania – World Factbook (theodora.com)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$6,570 (1989 US Dollars)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1989">CIA World Factbook (1989). ''[https://theodora.com/wfb1989/romania/romania_economy.html Romania – World Factbook (theodora.com)]''</ref>\|GDP_nominal_year=1988\|export=$11.5 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_commodities=Machinery and equipment (34.7%), fuels, minerals and metals (24.7%), manufactured consumer goods (16.9%), agricultural materials and forestry products (11.9%), other (11.6%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|export_year=1988\|export_partners=[[USSR]] (27%), Eastern Europe (23%), EC (15%), [[US]] (5%), [[China]] (4%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import=$8.75 billion<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_commodities=Fuels, minerals, and metals (51.0%), machinery and equipment (26.7%), agricultural and forestry products (11.0%), manufactured consumer goods (4.2%) (1986)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|import_year=1988\|import_partners=Socialist states (60%), non-socialist states
	(40%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|external_debt=None (1989)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.863<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=+40\|today=[[Romania]]}}		(40%) (1987)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|external_debt=None (1989)<ref name="CIA-factbook-1990">CIA World Factbook (1990). ''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1990)/Romania Romania – World Factbook (Wikisource)]''</ref>\|HDI_year=1990 report\|HDI=0.863<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/219/hdr_1990_en_complete_nostats.pdf Human Development Report 1990, p. 111]</ref>\|currency=Romanian Leu\|calling_code=+40\|today=[[Romania]]}}
	The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.		The '''Socialist Republic of Romania''' (Romanian: ''Republica Socialistă România'', '''RSR''') was a [[socialist state]] that existed from December 1947 to December 1989. The [[Marxist-Leninist]] government ruled until 1989, when the Romanian leader [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] was overthrown and the government replaced with one aligned with [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization\|Western capitalist]] interests.