Panhellenic Socialist Movement: Difference between revisions

Panhellenic Socialist Movement
Panhellenic Socialist Movement; Πανελλήνιο Σοσιαλιστικό Κίνημα
Abbreviation	PASOK
President	Nikos Androulakis
Founder	Andreas Papandreou
Founded	3 September 1974
Political orientation	Social Democracy ; Imperialism
Political position	Centre-left
National affiliation	Panhellenic Socialist Movement - Movement for Change
Colours	Green
Anthem	Ο ήλιος ο πράσινος (The green sun)

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PASOK is a social democratic party in Greece.

History[edit | edit source]

Orthodox Period (1974-1996)[edit | edit source]

Andreas Papandreou founded PASOK along with other anti-Junta resistance members in 1974.

Andreas Papandreou remained president until his death in 1996.

Modernization Period (1996-2009)[edit | edit source]

After Papandreou's death, party elections happened. Costas Simitis and his more centrist, imperialist "modernizers" wing took over the party, beating the rival "orthodox" faction of Akis Tzochatzopoulos, a corrupt minister of Papandreou's governments. The party's positions changed radically since then, with it adopting a very pro-EU stance. Corruption with in the party and its governments skyrocketed as well.

In 2004, Simitis resigned from the party leadership and George Papandreou, the son of Andreas Papandreou took over. He led the party to a victory in 2009, getting 43%. This was due to New Democracy rapidly losing its voting base (see below).

Collapse and coalitions (2012-present)[edit | edit source]

After the start of the Greek government-debt crisis, PASOK lost most of its voters, falling down to less than 12.3% by June 2012. In the meantime, Papandreou had resigned from government and Evangelos Venizelos had taken his position.

PASOK participated in the 2012 government along with New Democracy and Democratic Left. To this day, it is the last government PASOK has ever participated in.

In 2014, it formed a coalition with Democratic Left and some other minor parties as it was on the point of being left out of parliamentt

In January 2015, PASOK reached an all-time low of 4.68% and was in the 7th place, almost a third of the percentage it had in the first elections it participated in (the 1974 elections).

In June 2015, Fofi Gennimata assumed leadership of the party and formed a new coalition called "Democratic Alignment", with which she participated in the September 2015 elections.

During late 2017 and early 2018, a new coalition called Movement for Change was formed. In the 2019 elections, the party scored 8.1% and reached the 3rd place.

After Gennimata died in October 2021, Nikos Androulakis assumed leadership and renamed it to PASOK - Movement for Change in a desperate attempt to gain voters back. This was effective, as the coalition had an increase of 3.75% from the 2019 elections in the June 2023 elections.

In opinion polls after mid-November 2023, PASOK has reached the 2nd place again, surpassing Syriza, due to the latter's collapse.^[1]

Governments[edit | edit source]

Papandreou Governments (1981-1989, 1993-1996)[edit | edit source]

See main article: Andreas Papandreou

Simitis Governments (1996-2004)[edit | edit source]

See main article: Hellenic Republic#First PASOK governments (1981-1989)

Papandreou Jr. Government (2009-2011)[edit | edit source]

See main article: Hellenic Republic#2009

Papademos Unity Government (2011-2012)[edit | edit source]

See main article: Hellenic Republic#2011

Collaboration with Samaras Government (2012-2015)[edit | edit source]

See main article: Hellenic Republic#2012

References[edit | edit source]

↑ "Η πρώτη δημοσκόπηση που δείχνει δεύτερο κόμμα το ΠΑΣΟΚ και τρίτο τον ΣΥΡΙΖΑ" (2023-11-16). iediseis.gr.

[1] "Η πρώτη δημοσκόπηση που δείχνει δεύτερο κόμμα το ΠΑΣΟΚ και τρίτο τον ΣΥΡΙΖΑ" (2023-11-16). iediseis.gr.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox political party|name=Panhellenic Socialist Movement|native_name=Πανελλήνιο Σοσιαλιστικό Κίνημα|logo=P A S O K.png|founded=3 September 1974|abbr=PASOK|president=[[Nikos Androulakis]]|founder=[[Andreas Papandreou]]|political_orientation=[[Social Democracy]] <br> [[Imperialism]]|position=Centre-left|national=Panhellenic Socialist Movement - Movement for Change|colours=Green|anthem=Ο ήλιος ο πράσινος (The green sun)}}
+{{Message box/Incomplete}}{{Infobox political party|name=Panhellenic Socialist Movement|native_name=Πανελλήνιο Σοσιαλιστικό Κίνημα|logo=P A S O K.png|founded=3 September 1974|abbr=PASOK|president=[[Nikos Androulakis]]|founder=[[Andreas Papandreou]]|political_orientation=[[Social Democracy]] <br> [[Imperialism]]|position=Centre-left|national=Panhellenic Socialist Movement - Movement for Change|colours=Green|anthem=Ο ήλιος ο πράσινος (The green sun)}}
 '''PASOK''' is a social democratic party in Greece.
 == History ==
-=== Foundation ===
+=== Orthodox Period (1974-1996) ===
 Andreas Papandreou founded PASOK along with other anti-Junta resistance members in 1974.
+Andreas Papandreou remained president until his death in 1996.
+=== Modernization Period (1996-2009) ===
+After Papandreou's death, party elections happened. [[Costas Simitis]] and his more [[centrist]], [[imperialist]] "modernizers" wing took over the party, beating the rival "orthodox" faction of Akis Tzochatzopoulos, a [[Corruption|corrupt]] minister of Papandreou's governments. The party's positions changed radically since then, with it adopting a very pro-[[European Union|EU]] stance. Corruption with in the party and its governments skyrocketed as well.
+In 2004, Simitis resigned from the party leadership and [[George Papandreou]], the son of Andreas Papandreou took over. He led the party to a victory in 2009, getting 43%. This was due to [[New Democracy (political party in the Hellenic Republic)|New Democracy]] rapidly losing its voting base ([[Panhellenic Socialist Movement#Papandreou Jr. Government (2009-2011)|see below]]).
+=== Collapse and coalitions (2012-present) ===
+After the start of the [[Greek government-debt crisis]], PASOK lost most of its voters, falling down to less than 12.3% by June 2012. In the meantime, Papandreou had resigned from government and Evangelos Venizelos had taken his position.
+PASOK participated in the 2012 government along with New Democracy and Democratic Left. To this day, it is the last government PASOK has ever participated in.
+In 2014, it formed a coalition with Democratic Left and some other minor parties as it was on the point of being left out of parliamentt
+In January 2015, PASOK reached an all-time low of 4.68% and was in the 7th place, almost a third of the percentage it had in the first elections it participated in (the 1974 elections).
+In June 2015, Fofi Gennimata assumed leadership of the party and formed a new coalition called "Democratic Alignment", with which she participated in the September 2015 elections.
+During late 2017 and early 2018, a new coalition called Movement for Change was formed. In the 2019 elections, the party scored 8.1% and reached the 3rd place.
+After Gennimata died in October 2021, Nikos Androulakis assumed leadership and renamed it to PASOK - Movement for Change in a desperate attempt to gain voters back. This was effective, as the coalition had an increase of 3.75% from the 2019 elections in the June 2023 elections.
+In opinion polls after mid-November 2023, PASOK has reached the 2nd place again, surpassing [[Coalition of the Radical Left – Progressive Alliance|Syriza]], due to the latter's collapse.<ref>{{Web citation |date=2023-11-16 |title=Η πρώτη δημοσκόπηση που δείχνει δεύτερο κόμμα το ΠΑΣΟΚ και τρίτο τον ΣΥΡΙΖΑ|url=https://www.ieidiseis.gr/politiki/223269/i-proti-dimoskopisi-pou-deixnei-deytero-komma-to-pasok-kai-trito-ton-syriza|website=iediseis.gr |language=el }}</ref>
 == Governments ==
 === Papandreou Governments (1981-1989, 1993-1996) ===
-PASOK won the 1981 elections by over 48%.
+{{Main article|Andreas Papandreou}}
-During Papandreou's first two terms, many significant changes happened, even though Greece remained a [[Dictatorship of the bourgeoisie|bourgeois republic]]. Some enterprises were [[Nationalization|nationalized]] during this time and as such, the public sector was expanded. Communists that fought with KKE's side in the Greek Civil War were allowed to return in Greece and received special pensions. A [[Universal healthcare|free and universal healthcare system]] was established during the 80s, whereas living conditions improved, as the purchase power of Greeks increased by 26% during the course of the decade. [[Trade union|Trade unions]] and work counclis also received rights, shops had fixed opening and closing times, and social security was established. Safety and education were also improved during this time. A more progressive taxation was introduced. Finally, parental leave was introduced, albeit in a limited scale.
+=== Simitis Governments (1996-2004) ===
+{{Main article|Hellenic Republic#First PASOK governments (1981-1989)}}
-During this time, Papandreou tried to pull Greece out of NATO and the EU but failed, as the majority of the party supported to remain in both. However, he did challenge the US imperialist narrative and somewhat de-puppetize Greece.<ref name=":13">{{Web citation|author=John C. Loulis|newspaper=Foreign Affairs Magazine|title=Papandreou's Foreign Policy|date=1984-12-01|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029202002/http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19841201faessay8413/john-c-loulis/papandreou-s-foreign-policy.html|archive-url=http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19841201faessay8413/john-c-loulis/papandreou-s-foreign-policy.html|archive-date=2008-10-29|retrieved=2014-02-23}}</ref> He also condemned [[State of Israel|"Israel"]]'s policies in the occupied [[State of Palestine|Palestinian]] territories. However, he supported a two-state solution and not an entirely free Palestine.<ref name=":14">{{Web citation|author=Spyros Kaminaris|newspaper=Middle East Review of International Affairs|title=Greece and the Middle East|date=1999-06|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201100748/http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/1999/issue2/jv3n2a4.html|archive-url=http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/1999/issue2/jv3n2a4.html|archive-date=2012-02-01}}</ref>
+=== Papandreou Jr. Government (2009-2011) ===
+{{Main article|Hellenic Republic#2009}}
-Andreas Papandreou got re-elected in 1993, but passed away in 1996 and got succeeded by the new president of PASOK, Costas Simitis.
+=== Papademos Unity Government (2011-2012) ===
+{{Main article|Hellenic Republic#2011}}
-=== Simitis Governments (1996-2004) ===
-During Simitis, while infrastructure was upgraded (the so-called "Modernization"), Greece adopted the Euro as official currency and abolished the Drachma in 2001-02, causing a big rise in prices and crippling the purchase power of Greek citizens.
-In 1997, the International Olympic Committee selected Athens to organize the 2004 Summer Olympics.
+=== Collaboration with Samaras Government (2012-2015) ===
+{{Main article|Hellenic Republic#2012}}
 == References ==
 [[Category:Social democratic parties]]
 [[Category:Imperialist political parties]]
+<references />
+[[Category:Pages needing references]]