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Fixed up grammar, and fixed mistake of his killing being from a drone strike (It was a missile on a convoy, and he was killed by rebels following the missile.) |
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{{Infobox | {{Infobox revolutionary | ||
| | | honorific_prefix = Colonel | ||
| | | image = File:Muammar Gaddadfi.jpg | ||
|death_date={{death date and age|2011|10|20|1942|6|7}} | | image_size = 200px | ||
| | | name=Muammar Gaddafi| native_name= معمر القذافي | ||
| | | image_upright = | ||
[[ | | image_alt = | ||
| caption = Portrait of Colonel Gaddafi | |||
| nationality = [[Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)|Libyan]] | |||
| birth_name = | |||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1942|6|7}} | |||
| birth_place = Sirte, Italian Libya | |||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2011|10|20|1942|6|7}} | |||
| death_place = Sirte, [[Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)|Libya]] | |||
| death_cause = Assasination | |||
| political_line = [[Third International Theory]]<br>[[Arab socialism]]<br>[[African socialism]]<br>[[Pan-Africanism]] | |||
| political_party=[[Arab Socialist Union]] (1969–1977)<br> Independent (1977–2011) | |||
}} | |||
== Pan-Africanism== | '''Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi''' (7 June 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as '''Colonel Gaddafi''', was a Libyan revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He governed [[Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)|Libya]] initially as Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) from 1969 to 1977, before serving as Secretary General of the General People's Congress until 1979. After resigning his post to be succeeded by [[Abdul Ati al-Obeidi]], Gaddafi would spend the rest of his career outside of the decision making framework of the Libyan Jamahiriya as Brotherly Leader of the Great September Revolution, an honorific title which only served ideological and ceremonial purposes.<ref>Abuagela M. Ahmed (2012-12-05) [http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/29405/1/FINAL_THESIS_.pdf "Examination of the public policy process in Libya"] ''University of Salford''. Retrieved 2023-3-17</ref> | ||
On the 16th of March, 2016 [[WikiLeaks]] published an archive of [[Hillary Clinton]]'s emails containing information confirming the | |||
{{Quote | Initially ideologically committed to [[Nasserism]], Gaddafi's commitment would later evolve according to his own [[Third International Theory]]. | ||
==Pan-Africanism== | |||
On the 16th of March, 2016 [[WikiLeaks]] published an archive of [[Hillary Clinton]]'s emails containing information confirming the conspiracy by the US and French Governments to overthrow Muammar Gaddafi based on his desire to develop a "pan-African" currency. In an email to Clinton titled, "France's client & Qaddafi's gold" Sidney Blumenthal describes Gaddafi's intentions to develop a "pan-African" dollar based on the Libyan Dinar and the concerns raised by France's government in relation.<ref>{{Web citation|newspaper=WikiLeaks|title=France's client & Qaddafi's gold|date=2011-04-01|url=https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124101521/https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659|archive-date=2023-01-24|retrieved=2023-01-24}}</ref> | |||
<div style="width: 80%">{{Quote | |||
|The gold was accumulated prior to the current rebellion and was intended to be used to establish a pan-African currency based on the Libyan golden Dinar. This plan was designed to provide, the Francophone Aftrican Countries with an alternative to the French franc (CFA). | |The gold was accumulated prior to the current rebellion and was intended to be used to establish a pan-African currency based on the Libyan golden Dinar. This plan was designed to provide, the Francophone Aftrican Countries with an alternative to the French franc (CFA). | ||
|Sidney Blumenthal | |Sidney Blumenthal | ||
|https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 | |https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 | ||
|2011-04-01}} | |2011-04-01}} | ||
</div> | |||
The email continues stating that "According to knowledgeable individuals…" the desire to develop the currency… | The email continues stating that "According to knowledgeable individuals…" the desire to develop the currency… | ||
{{Quote|…was one of the factors that influenced President Nicolas Sarkozy's decision to commit France to the attack on Libya. According to these individuals Sarkozy's plans are driven by the following issues: | {{Quote|…was one of the factors that influenced President Nicolas Sarkozy's decision to commit France to the attack on Libya. According to these individuals Sarkozy's plans are driven by the following issues: | ||
| Line 30: | Line 45: | ||
|https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 | |https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 | ||
|2011-04-01}} | |2011-04-01}} | ||
== Anti-Imperialist Funding == | |||
Muammar Gaddafi's Libya provided funding and support to the [[Red brigades|Red Brigades]] in Italy during Italy's Years of Lead, the Red Brigades were the most prominent Marxist-Leninist organization, aiming to overthrow the Italian state. Alongside the [[Irish Republican Army|IRA]] with an estimated $45 million in cash and over 100 tons of weaponry, including Semtex explosives.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|title=Libya's Continuing Responsibility for Terrorism|title-url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00789R001001430004-9.pdf}}</ref> | |||
Gaddafi contributed roughly $40 million to various Palestinian resistance organization. He donated $100 million to the Black September organization, a Palestinian resistance group, in 1976.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
Following NATO invasion of Libya, Gaddafi was killed by a US drone strike | Following the NATO invasion of Libya, Gaddafi was killed by rebels following a US drone strike on his convoy in Sirte. <ref>{{Web citation|author=Robert Evans|newspaper=Reuters|title=Gaddafi wanted to stage last stand in desert - U.N. report|date=2012-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202194801/http://in.reuters.com/article/libya-gaddafi-idINDEE8210HI20120302|archive-date=2016-02-02|retrieved=2026-05-04|quote=Running into a rebel ambush, the battered convoy circled onto a coast road and split up. But a vehicle just in front of the green four-wheel-drive vehicle in which Gaddafi was travelling was hit by a NATO missile and blew up.}}</ref> | ||
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| Line 40: | Line 60: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:1942 births]] | |||
[[Category:2011 deaths]] | |||
[[Category:Anti-imperialists]] | |||
[[Category:Clinton body count]] | |||
[[Category:Former heads of state]] | [[Category:Former heads of state]] | ||
[[Category:Libyan Arab Socialist Union politicians]] | |||
[[Category:People targeted by regime change operations]] | |||
[[Category:Prime ministers of Libya]] | |||
[[Category:Socialist rulers]] | [[Category:Socialist rulers]] | ||
[[Category:Targets of intelligence operations]] | [[Category:Targets of intelligence operations]] | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaddafi, Muammar}} | |||
[[Category:Victims of assassination]] | |||
Latest revision as of 12:04, 4 May 2026
Colonel Muammar Gaddafi معمر القذافي | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Colonel Gaddafi | |
| Born | June 7, 1942 Sirte, Italian Libya |
| Died | October 20, 2011 (aged 69) Sirte, Libya |
| Cause of death | Assasination |
| Nationality | Libyan |
| Political orientation | Third International Theory Arab socialism African socialism Pan-Africanism |
| Political party | Arab Socialist Union (1969–1977) Independent (1977–2011) |
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi (7 June 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi, was a Libyan revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He governed Libya initially as Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) from 1969 to 1977, before serving as Secretary General of the General People's Congress until 1979. After resigning his post to be succeeded by Abdul Ati al-Obeidi, Gaddafi would spend the rest of his career outside of the decision making framework of the Libyan Jamahiriya as Brotherly Leader of the Great September Revolution, an honorific title which only served ideological and ceremonial purposes.[1]
Initially ideologically committed to Nasserism, Gaddafi's commitment would later evolve according to his own Third International Theory.
Pan-Africanism[edit | edit source]
On the 16th of March, 2016 WikiLeaks published an archive of Hillary Clinton's emails containing information confirming the conspiracy by the US and French Governments to overthrow Muammar Gaddafi based on his desire to develop a "pan-African" currency. In an email to Clinton titled, "France's client & Qaddafi's gold" Sidney Blumenthal describes Gaddafi's intentions to develop a "pan-African" dollar based on the Libyan Dinar and the concerns raised by France's government in relation.[2]
The gold was accumulated prior to the current rebellion and was intended to be used to establish a pan-African currency based on the Libyan golden Dinar. This plan was designed to provide, the Francophone Aftrican Countries with an alternative to the French franc (CFA).
— Sidney Blumenthal , https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 , 2011-04-01
The email continues stating that "According to knowledgeable individuals…" the desire to develop the currency…
…was one of the factors that influenced President Nicolas Sarkozy's decision to commit France to the attack on Libya. According to these individuals Sarkozy's plans are driven by the following issues:
a. A desire to gain a greater share of Libya oil production,
b. Increase French influence in North Africa,
c. Improve his internal political situation in France,
d. Provide the French military with an opportunity to reassert its position in the world,
e. Address the concern of his advisors over Qaddafi's long term plan to supplant France as the dominant power in Francophone Africa.
— Sidney Blumenthal , https://wikileaks.org/clinton-emails/emailid/12659 , 2011-04-01
Anti-Imperialist Funding[edit | edit source]
Muammar Gaddafi's Libya provided funding and support to the Red Brigades in Italy during Italy's Years of Lead, the Red Brigades were the most prominent Marxist-Leninist organization, aiming to overthrow the Italian state. Alongside the IRA with an estimated $45 million in cash and over 100 tons of weaponry, including Semtex explosives.[3]
Gaddafi contributed roughly $40 million to various Palestinian resistance organization. He donated $100 million to the Black September organization, a Palestinian resistance group, in 1976.[3]
Death[edit | edit source]
Following the NATO invasion of Libya, Gaddafi was killed by rebels following a US drone strike on his convoy in Sirte. [4]
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Abuagela M. Ahmed (2012-12-05) "Examination of the public policy process in Libya" University of Salford. Retrieved 2023-3-17
- ↑ "France's client & Qaddafi's gold" (2011-04-01). WikiLeaks. Archived from the original on 2023-01-24. Retrieved 2023-01-24.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Libya's Continuing Responsibility for Terrorism.
- ↑ “Running into a rebel ambush, the battered convoy circled onto a coast road and split up. But a vehicle just in front of the green four-wheel-drive vehicle in which Gaddafi was travelling was hit by a NATO missile and blew up.”
Robert Evans (2012-03-03). Gaddafi wanted to stage last stand in desert - U.N. report Reuters. Archived from the original on 2016-02-02. Retrieved 2026-05-04.