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{{Infobox politician|image_size=200|birth_date=6 January 1850|birth_place=Schöneberg, [[Kingdom of Prussia]]|death_date=18 December 1932|death_place=Berlin, Prussia, [[German Reich (1918–1933)|Germany]]|nationality=German| | {{Infobox politician|image_size=200|birth_date=6 January 1850|birth_place=Schöneberg, [[Kingdom of Prussia]]|death_date=18 December 1932 (aged 82)|death_place=Berlin, Prussia, [[German Reich (1918–1933)|Germany]]|nationality=German|political_orientation=[[Reformism]]<br>[[Social democracy]]|political_party=[[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]|image=Eduard Bernstein.png}} | ||
'''Eduard Bernstein''' (6 January 1850 – 18 December 1932) was a German social democrat and political theorist. He believed that [[capitalism]] could naturally regulate itself to prevent [[Economic crisis|crises]]<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Rosa Luxemburg]]|year=1900|title=Reform or Revolution|chapter=The Adaptation of Capital|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/ch02.htm|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm}}</ref> and that [[socialism]] could be achieved without a [[revolution]] through gradual reforms.'''<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Rosa Luxemburg]]|year=1900|title=Reform or Revolution|chapter=The Realisation of Socialism through Social Reforms|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/ch03.htm|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm}}</ref>''' He also rejected the [[Labor theory of value|labour theory of value]] and took a [[Morality|moralist]] instead of [[Scientific socialism|scientific]] stance on the [[exploitation]] of [[surplus-value]].'''<ref name=":0">{{Citation|year=1954|title=Political Economy|chapter=Economic Doctrines of the Capitalist Epoch|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/pe-ch22.htm|section=The Economic Theories of the Opportunists of the Second International and the Right-wing Socialists of Today|mia=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/index.htm}}</ref>''' | '''Eduard Bernstein''' (6 January 1850 – 18 December 1932) was a [[Federal Republic of Germany|German]] social democrat and political theorist. Bernstein was a major influence on the development of [[reformism]], particularly in the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD). His theories led to the degeneration of the SPD into [[opportunism]] and played a key role in the evolution of the [[counterrevolutionary]] currents of [[social democracy]] and [[democratic socialism]]. | ||
He believed that [[capitalism]] could naturally regulate itself to prevent [[Economic crisis|crises]]<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Rosa Luxemburg]]|year=1900|title=Reform or Revolution|chapter=The Adaptation of Capital|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/ch02.htm|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm}}</ref> and that [[socialism]] could be achieved without a [[revolution]] through gradual reforms.'''<ref>{{Citation|author=[[Rosa Luxemburg]]|year=1900|title=Reform or Revolution|chapter=The Realisation of Socialism through Social Reforms|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/ch03.htm|mia=https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm}}</ref>''' He also rejected the [[Labor theory of value|labour theory of value]] and took a [[Morality|moralist]] instead of [[Scientific socialism|scientific]] stance on the [[exploitation]] of [[surplus-value]].'''<ref name=":0">{{Citation|year=1954|title=Political Economy|chapter=Economic Doctrines of the Capitalist Epoch|chapter-url=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/pe-ch22.htm|section=The Economic Theories of the Opportunists of the Second International and the Right-wing Socialists of Today|mia=https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/index.htm}}</ref>''' | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:1850 births]] | |||
[[Category:1932 deaths]] | |||
[[Category:Independent Social Democratic Party politicians]] | |||
[[Category:People critiqued by Lenin]] | |||
[[Category:Political theorists]] | [[Category:Political theorists]] | ||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Revisionists]] | [[Category:Revisionists]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:44, 11 February 2026
Eduard Bernstein | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 6 January 1850 Schöneberg, Kingdom of Prussia |
| Died | 18 December 1932 (aged 82) Berlin, Prussia, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Political orientation | Reformism Social democracy |
| Political party | SPD |
Eduard Bernstein (6 January 1850 – 18 December 1932) was a German social democrat and political theorist. Bernstein was a major influence on the development of reformism, particularly in the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). His theories led to the degeneration of the SPD into opportunism and played a key role in the evolution of the counterrevolutionary currents of social democracy and democratic socialism.
He believed that capitalism could naturally regulate itself to prevent crises[1] and that socialism could be achieved without a revolution through gradual reforms.[2] He also rejected the labour theory of value and took a moralist instead of scientific stance on the exploitation of surplus-value.[3]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Rosa Luxemburg (1900). Reform or Revolution: 'The Adaptation of Capital'. [MIA]
- ↑ Rosa Luxemburg (1900). Reform or Revolution: 'The Realisation of Socialism through Social Reforms'. [MIA]
- ↑ Political Economy: 'Economic Doctrines of the Capitalist Epoch; The Economic Theories of the Opportunists of the Second International and the Right-wing Socialists of Today' (1954). [MIA]