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Verda.Majo (talk | contribs) Created page with "{{Message box/Stub}} '''Cotton''' is a plant fiber attached to the seeds of the cotton plant. Cotton is widely grown as a crop and used for raw material in textiles, with the species ''Gossypium hirsutum'', also called upland cotton, being the most commonly cultivated.<ref>{{Citation|author=Khawar Jabran, et. al.|year=2020|title=Cotton Production|chapter=An Introduction to Global Production trends and uses, History and Evolution, and Genetic and Biotechnolog..." Tag: Visual edit |
Verda.Majo (talk | contribs) added images and history section Tag: Visual edit |
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[[File:Machine harvesting of cotton in Korla, Xinjiang, China in 2023.jpg|alt=Four harvesting vehicles drive in parallel rows, harvesting cotton.|thumb|Aerial photo showing machine harvesting of cotton in [[Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region|Xinjiang]], [[People's Republic of China|China]] in 2023.]] | |||
'''Cotton''' is a [[plant fiber]] attached to the seeds of the cotton plant. Cotton is widely grown as a [[crop]] and used for raw material in [[textiles]], with the species ''Gossypium hirsutum'', also called upland cotton, being the most commonly cultivated.<ref>{{Citation|author=Khawar Jabran, et. al.|year=2020|title=Cotton Production|chapter=An Introduction to Global Production trends and uses, History and Evolution, and Genetic and Biotechnological Improvements in cotton|quote=Cotton is the most important fiber crop in the world and belongs to the family Malvaceae and the genus Gossypium, and this genus has nearly 50 species. Four cultivated species of cotton are Gossypium hirsutum L., Gossypium barbedense L. (Egyptian cotton), Gossypium herbaceum L. (Asiatic cotton), and Gossypium arboreum L. (Asiatic cotton), out of these, upland cotton (G. hirsutum) is the most cultivated (on >90% area of total worldwide cot- ton cultivation) species all across the world, which is mainly due to its high yields.|pdf=https://sci-hub.st/10.1002/9781119385523.ch1}}</ref><ref name=":0">[https://unctad.org/es/conference/ntfc-global-forum-2022/news/fibre-fabric-celebrating-value-cotton "From fibre to fabric: Celebrating the value of cotton."] UNCTAD, 2019-10-03.</ref> | |||
Cotton is a major global [[primary product]], making up about 80% of the natural fibers produced in the world each year.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">[https://www.kew.org/plants/cotton "Cotton."] Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.</ref> While the cotton plant is most commonly grown for its fiber, other parts of the plant have applications as well.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> | |||
[[File:Map of production of cotton and rubber in 1915.jpg|alt=A world map with various regions highlighted. Annual production of cotton is also shown, with the US, India, and Egypt being the top three producers, followed by: "rest of Africa", China, Turkestan, and "other countries".|thumb|A 1915 world map highlighting regions of cotton production, shown in red, and "experimental" cotton areas, highlighted in pink. [[Natural rubber|Rubber]] production is also depicted in blue.]] | |||
Cotton | == History == | ||
Cotton has been cultivated by humans throughout many parts of the world for thousands of years and was independently domesticated at least four different times in four different regions of the world.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Web citation|author=Nicoletta Maestri|newspaper=ThoughtCo|title=The Domestication History of Cotton (Gossypium)|date=2020-01-30|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/domestication-history-of-cotton-gossypium-170429}}</ref> | |||
Cotton | Cotton is believed to have first been domesticated about 7000 years ago, with the earliest archaeological evidence for cotton use, of the species ''G. arboreum'', being found in the region of the [[Indus Valley Civilization]]. ''G. hirsutum'' is believed to have been domesticated in [[United Mexican States|Mexico]] about 5000 years ago.<ref name=":2" /> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 22:59, 30 April 2026
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Cotton is a plant fiber attached to the seeds of the cotton plant. Cotton is widely grown as a crop and used for raw material in textiles, with the species Gossypium hirsutum, also called upland cotton, being the most commonly cultivated.[1][2]
Cotton is a major global primary product, making up about 80% of the natural fibers produced in the world each year.[2][3] While the cotton plant is most commonly grown for its fiber, other parts of the plant have applications as well.[2][3]
History
Cotton has been cultivated by humans throughout many parts of the world for thousands of years and was independently domesticated at least four different times in four different regions of the world.[3][4]
Cotton is believed to have first been domesticated about 7000 years ago, with the earliest archaeological evidence for cotton use, of the species G. arboreum, being found in the region of the Indus Valley Civilization. G. hirsutum is believed to have been domesticated in Mexico about 5000 years ago.[4]
References
- ↑ “Cotton is the most important fiber crop in the world and belongs to the family Malvaceae and the genus Gossypium, and this genus has nearly 50 species. Four cultivated species of cotton are Gossypium hirsutum L., Gossypium barbedense L. (Egyptian cotton), Gossypium herbaceum L. (Asiatic cotton), and Gossypium arboreum L. (Asiatic cotton), out of these, upland cotton (G. hirsutum) is the most cultivated (on >90% area of total worldwide cot- ton cultivation) species all across the world, which is mainly due to its high yields.”
Khawar Jabran, et. al. (2020). Cotton Production: 'An Introduction to Global Production trends and uses, History and Evolution, and Genetic and Biotechnological Improvements in cotton'. [PDF] - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "From fibre to fabric: Celebrating the value of cotton." UNCTAD, 2019-10-03.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Cotton." Royal Botanic Gardens Kew.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Nicoletta Maestri (2020-01-30). "The Domestication History of Cotton (Gossypium)" ThoughtCo.