Counterrevolution

Alexander Kolchak, leader of the counterrevolutionary White Army during the Russian Civil War

A counterrevolution is an opposing revolution that attempts to reverse a revolution. A person or group who opposes a revolution is declared counter-revolutionary. In Marxist theory, counterrevolutions are a reactionary force usually composed of bourgeois forces. In the past, feudal lords also attempted counterrevolutions against bourgeois revolutions like the French Revolution.

List of counterrevolutions

Feudal

• Stuart Restoration (1660)
• Bourbon Restoration (1814–1815)

Bourgeois

• Finnish White Terror (1918)
• Hungarian White Terror (1919–1921)
• Tian'anmen Square riots (1989; failed)
• Overthrow of the Soviet Union (1991)

See also

• Color revolution
• Mensheviks
• Counterrevolutions of 1989
• 1989 Tian'anmen Square riots
• Overthrow of the Soviet Union